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四、IV. 阅读理解。
Talking and sharing ideas with others is a big part of our life. We can communicate using words, both by speaking and writing. We can also communicate without words, through things like our gestures（手势），facial expressions，and body language.
Different places and cultures have their own rules for communication. For example, in some cultures, looking someone in the eye when you talk to them shows you are respectful and paying attention. But in other cultures, too much eye contact（接触）can seem rude or even like you are looking for a fight. In Japan, people often look down slightly to show respect.
Even simple hand signs can mean different things. In countries like the United States, giving a "thumbs（拇指）up" sign means "good job" or "okay." But in some countries in the Middle East, this same gesture is a very bad sign. It may be considered rude or aggressive (挑衅的).
Today, we often use emojis（表情符号）on our phones and computers to talk to each other. These small pictures can help us show our feelings fast. But it's important to remember that sometimes an emoji can have a different meaning in another culture. So, we should be a little careful when we use them with people from different places.
( )1. What do the underlined words "facial expressions" in Paragraph 1 mean?
A. 面部表情 B. 口头表达 C. 习惯用语
( )2. Why do people in Japan lower their eyes while talking?
A. Because they want to pay more attention. B. Because they want to show respect.
C. Because they are looking for a fight.
( )3. What gesture is thought to be aggressive in some Middle Eastern countries?
A. B. C.
( )4. Why should we be careful with emojis when using them?
A. They may show our feelings too quickly.
B. They may mean differently in different colours.
C. They may have different meanings in different cultures.
( )5. Which would be the best structure of the passage?
Talking and sharing ideas with others is a big part of our life. We can communicate using words, both by speaking and writing. We can also communicate without words, through things like our gestures（手势），facial expressions，and body language.
Different places and cultures have their own rules for communication. For example, in some cultures, looking someone in the eye when you talk to them shows you are respectful and paying attention. But in other cultures, too much eye contact（接触）can seem rude or even like you are looking for a fight. In Japan, people often look down slightly to show respect.
Even simple hand signs can mean different things. In countries like the United States, giving a "thumbs（拇指）up" sign means "good job" or "okay." But in some countries in the Middle East, this same gesture is a very bad sign. It may be considered rude or aggressive (挑衅的).
Today, we often use emojis（表情符号）on our phones and computers to talk to each other. These small pictures can help us show our feelings fast. But it's important to remember that sometimes an emoji can have a different meaning in another culture. So, we should be a little careful when we use them with people from different places.
( )1. What do the underlined words "facial expressions" in Paragraph 1 mean?
A. 面部表情 B. 口头表达 C. 习惯用语
( )2. Why do people in Japan lower their eyes while talking?
A. Because they want to pay more attention. B. Because they want to show respect.
C. Because they are looking for a fight.
( )3. What gesture is thought to be aggressive in some Middle Eastern countries?
A. B. C.
( )4. Why should we be careful with emojis when using them?
A. They may show our feelings too quickly.
B. They may mean differently in different colours.
C. They may have different meanings in different cultures.
( )5. Which would be the best structure of the passage?
答案
1.A 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.B
解析
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，包含词义猜测、细节理解、文章结构判断三类题型。解题思路：1. 词义猜测题：结合上下文语境，判断划线短语的含义；2. 细节理解题：定位原文对应句子，匹配选项内容；3. 文章结构题：梳理文章段落逻辑关系，判断结构类型。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测题：第一段提到交流分为“words（口头表达）”和“without words”的方式，其中包含“gestures（手势）”“facial expressions”，结合常识可知“facial expressions”意为“面部表情”，故选A。
2. 细节理解题：定位第二段最后一句“In Japan, people often look down slightly to show respect.”，可知日本人说话时低头是为了表示尊重，故选B。
3. 细节理解题：定位第三段内容，提到“thumbs up”手势在美国表示夸赞，但在中东部分国家被视为粗鲁、挑衅的信号，对应选项A，故选A。
4. 细节理解题：定位最后一段“But it's important to remember that sometimes an emoji can have a different meaning in another culture. So, we should be a little careful when we use them with people from different places.”，可知要小心使用表情符号是因为它们在不同文化中含义不同，故选C。
5. 文章结构题：第一段总述交流的两种方式；第二、三、四段分别从眼神、手势、表情符号三个方面说明不同文化的交流规则，属于总分结构，对应选项B，故选B。
【答案】
1.A 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解，词义猜测，细节理解，文章结构
【点评】
本题考查英语阅读理解的核心题型，需结合原文信息逐一分析，难度适中，适合学生巩固阅读理解的解题方法。
【难度系数】
0.7
本题为英语阅读理解题，包含词义猜测、细节理解、文章结构判断三类题型。解题思路：1. 词义猜测题：结合上下文语境，判断划线短语的含义；2. 细节理解题：定位原文对应句子，匹配选项内容；3. 文章结构题：梳理文章段落逻辑关系，判断结构类型。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测题：第一段提到交流分为“words（口头表达）”和“without words”的方式，其中包含“gestures（手势）”“facial expressions”，结合常识可知“facial expressions”意为“面部表情”，故选A。
2. 细节理解题：定位第二段最后一句“In Japan, people often look down slightly to show respect.”，可知日本人说话时低头是为了表示尊重，故选B。
3. 细节理解题：定位第三段内容，提到“thumbs up”手势在美国表示夸赞，但在中东部分国家被视为粗鲁、挑衅的信号，对应选项A，故选A。
4. 细节理解题：定位最后一段“But it's important to remember that sometimes an emoji can have a different meaning in another culture. So, we should be a little careful when we use them with people from different places.”，可知要小心使用表情符号是因为它们在不同文化中含义不同，故选C。
5. 文章结构题：第一段总述交流的两种方式；第二、三、四段分别从眼神、手势、表情符号三个方面说明不同文化的交流规则，属于总分结构，对应选项B，故选B。
【答案】
1.A 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解，词义猜测，细节理解，文章结构
【点评】
本题考查英语阅读理解的核心题型，需结合原文信息逐一分析，难度适中，适合学生巩固阅读理解的解题方法。
【难度系数】
0.7
