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四、阅读理解 阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
People in America love animals. At least 43% of American homes keep pets. Americans treat their pets like their children. They often buy some special food, videos and toys for their pets. ① If they like fashion, they dress up their pets in colourful clothes. ② In some special places they even use perfume (香水) to make their pets smell nice. ③ If they go out for holidays, they often take their pets with them. ④
Americans enjoy staying with pets because pets can make their life easy. Dogs can help them watch over homes and stop unwelcome visitors. Cats can keep mice away from their owners. When Americans get together, they always talk about their pets.
There are more than seventy-five animal welfare organizations (福利组织) in America. They take care of and look for homes for the unlucky and poor animals. To Americans, pets are not only good friends, but also a part of their life.
(
A. Some special food. B. Colourful clothes. C. Soft beds. D. Nice perfume.
(
A. Cats can welcome the visitors.
B. Dogs can keep mice away.
C. Nearly half of the homes keep pets in the USA.
D. Americans think pets can make their life busy when staying with them.
(
In some hotels pets can enjoy nice meals on fine plates and sleep in soft beds.
A. ① B. ② C. ③ D. ④
(
A. those animal welfare organizations B. those Americans
C. the pets D. dogs and cats
(
A. How to look after your pet dog B. Pets' special food
C. Americans love animals D. Organizations in the USA
People in America love animals. At least 43% of American homes keep pets. Americans treat their pets like their children. They often buy some special food, videos and toys for their pets. ① If they like fashion, they dress up their pets in colourful clothes. ② In some special places they even use perfume (香水) to make their pets smell nice. ③ If they go out for holidays, they often take their pets with them. ④
Americans enjoy staying with pets because pets can make their life easy. Dogs can help them watch over homes and stop unwelcome visitors. Cats can keep mice away from their owners. When Americans get together, they always talk about their pets.
There are more than seventy-five animal welfare organizations (福利组织) in America. They take care of and look for homes for the unlucky and poor animals. To Americans, pets are not only good friends, but also a part of their life.
(
A
) 1. What do Americans often buy for their pets?A. Some special food. B. Colourful clothes. C. Soft beds. D. Nice perfume.
(
C
) 2. What can we learn from the passage?A. Cats can welcome the visitors.
B. Dogs can keep mice away.
C. Nearly half of the homes keep pets in the USA.
D. Americans think pets can make their life busy when staying with them.
(
D
) 3. Where can the following sentence best be put?In some hotels pets can enjoy nice meals on fine plates and sleep in soft beds.
A. ① B. ② C. ③ D. ④
(
A
) 4. The underlined word "They" in the last paragraph of the passage refers to (指) those animal welfare organizations
.A. those animal welfare organizations B. those Americans
C. the pets D. dogs and cats
(
C
) 5. What's the best title of the passage?A. How to look after your pet dog B. Pets' special food
C. Americans love animals D. Organizations in the USA
答案
1. A 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. C
解析
【分析】
1. 第1题：先定位题干关键词“often buy for their pets”，回到第一段寻找对应内容，原文明确提到美国人经常给宠物买特殊的食物、录像带和玩具，对比选项找到匹配项即可。
2. 第2题：需逐个分析选项，结合原文细节判断对错。先找到各选项对应的原文内容，比如关于猫狗的作用、养宠物家庭的比例、宠物对生活的影响，逐一核对排除错误选项。
3. 第3题：先理解待插入句子的含义，它讲的是宠物在酒店的待遇，属于美国人带宠物外出度假时的相关安排，再看原文四个位置的上下文，③处提到外出度假带宠物，④处适合补充这类具体的宠爱行为，从而确定位置。
4. 第4题：指代题要找划线词前的指代对象，前文提到“more than seventy-five animal welfare organizations”，后面的“They”就是指代这些组织，结合语境判断即可。
5. 第5题：标题题需概括全文主旨，文章从美国人养宠物的比例、对宠物的宠爱方式、宠物的作用以及动物福利组织等方面，围绕“美国人喜爱动物”展开，据此选择最合适的标题。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据第一段“They often buy some special food, videos and toys for their pets.”可知，美国人经常给宠物买特殊食物，选项A符合，故选A。
2. 第2题：
A选项：原文提到“Dogs can help them watch over homes and stop unwelcome visitors”，并非猫欢迎访客，A错误；
B选项：原文指出“Cats can keep mice away from their owners”，不是狗抓老鼠，B错误；
C选项：原文“At least 43% of American homes keep pets”，43%接近一半，C正确；
D选项：原文“Americans enjoy staying with pets because pets can make their life easy”，并非让生活忙碌，D错误。故选C。
3. 第3题：待插入句子描述宠物在酒店的待遇，属于美国人带宠物外出时的相关照料行为。原文③处提到“If they go out for holidays, they often take their pets with them”，④处适合补充这类具体的宠爱细节，所以放在④处，故选D。
4. 第4题：根据最后一段前一句“There are more than seventy-five animal welfare organizations (福利组织) in America.”可知，后面的“They”指代这些动物福利组织，故选A。
5. 第5题：文章围绕美国人喜爱动物展开，介绍了美国人养宠物的情况、对宠物的重视以及相关福利组织，选项C最能概括全文主旨，故选C。
【答案】
1. A 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. C
【知识点】
细节查找、指代判断、主旨概括
【点评】
这篇阅读理解围绕美国人与宠物的关系展开，考查了阅读理解的核心题型。解题时需紧扣原文，仔细核对选项与原文的匹配度，同时借助上下文语境分析指代对象和句子插入位置，能有效锻炼学生的阅读综合能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
1. 第1题：先定位题干关键词“often buy for their pets”，回到第一段寻找对应内容，原文明确提到美国人经常给宠物买特殊的食物、录像带和玩具，对比选项找到匹配项即可。
2. 第2题：需逐个分析选项，结合原文细节判断对错。先找到各选项对应的原文内容，比如关于猫狗的作用、养宠物家庭的比例、宠物对生活的影响，逐一核对排除错误选项。
3. 第3题：先理解待插入句子的含义，它讲的是宠物在酒店的待遇，属于美国人带宠物外出度假时的相关安排，再看原文四个位置的上下文，③处提到外出度假带宠物，④处适合补充这类具体的宠爱行为，从而确定位置。
4. 第4题：指代题要找划线词前的指代对象，前文提到“more than seventy-five animal welfare organizations”，后面的“They”就是指代这些组织，结合语境判断即可。
5. 第5题：标题题需概括全文主旨，文章从美国人养宠物的比例、对宠物的宠爱方式、宠物的作用以及动物福利组织等方面，围绕“美国人喜爱动物”展开，据此选择最合适的标题。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据第一段“They often buy some special food, videos and toys for their pets.”可知，美国人经常给宠物买特殊食物，选项A符合，故选A。
2. 第2题：
A选项：原文提到“Dogs can help them watch over homes and stop unwelcome visitors”，并非猫欢迎访客，A错误；
B选项：原文指出“Cats can keep mice away from their owners”，不是狗抓老鼠，B错误；
C选项：原文“At least 43% of American homes keep pets”，43%接近一半，C正确；
D选项：原文“Americans enjoy staying with pets because pets can make their life easy”，并非让生活忙碌，D错误。故选C。
3. 第3题：待插入句子描述宠物在酒店的待遇，属于美国人带宠物外出时的相关照料行为。原文③处提到“If they go out for holidays, they often take their pets with them”，④处适合补充这类具体的宠爱细节，所以放在④处，故选D。
4. 第4题：根据最后一段前一句“There are more than seventy-five animal welfare organizations (福利组织) in America.”可知，后面的“They”指代这些动物福利组织，故选A。
5. 第5题：文章围绕美国人喜爱动物展开，介绍了美国人养宠物的情况、对宠物的重视以及相关福利组织，选项C最能概括全文主旨，故选C。
【答案】
1. A 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. C
【知识点】
细节查找、指代判断、主旨概括
【点评】
这篇阅读理解围绕美国人与宠物的关系展开，考查了阅读理解的核心题型。解题时需紧扣原文，仔细核对选项与原文的匹配度，同时借助上下文语境分析指代对象和句子插入位置，能有效锻炼学生的阅读综合能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
