9. 阅读下列运算过程:
① $\frac{2}{\sqrt{5}} = \frac{2 × \sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{5} × \sqrt{5}} = \frac{2\sqrt{5}}{5}$;
② $\sqrt{\frac{2}{3}} = \sqrt{\frac{2 × 3}{3 × 3}} = \frac{\sqrt{6}}{3}$;
③ $\frac{2}{\sqrt{3} + 1} = \frac{2 × (\sqrt{3} - 1)}{(\sqrt{3} + 1)(\sqrt{3} - 1)} = \frac{2(\sqrt{3} - 1)}{(\sqrt{3})^2 - 1} = \sqrt{3} - 1$。
数学上把这种将分母中的根号去掉的过程称为“分母有理化”。
$\frac{2}{\sqrt{3} + 1}$还可以用以下方法化简:
$\frac{2}{\sqrt{3} + 1} = \frac{3 - 1}{\sqrt{3} + 1} = \frac{(\sqrt{3})^2 - 1^2}{\sqrt{3} + 1} = \frac{(\sqrt{3} + 1)(\sqrt{3} - 1)}{\sqrt{3} + 1} = \sqrt{3} - 1$
解答下列问题:
(1) 请参照上述方法把下列各式分母有理化:
① $\frac{6}{\sqrt{3}}$;
② $\frac{2}{\sqrt{5} - \sqrt{3}}$。
(2) 化简:$\frac{1}{\sqrt{3} + 1} + \frac{1}{\sqrt{5} + \sqrt{3}} + \frac{1}{\sqrt{7} + \sqrt{5}} + ··· + \frac{1}{\sqrt{2025} + \sqrt{2023}}$。
① $\frac{2}{\sqrt{5}} = \frac{2 × \sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{5} × \sqrt{5}} = \frac{2\sqrt{5}}{5}$;
② $\sqrt{\frac{2}{3}} = \sqrt{\frac{2 × 3}{3 × 3}} = \frac{\sqrt{6}}{3}$;
③ $\frac{2}{\sqrt{3} + 1} = \frac{2 × (\sqrt{3} - 1)}{(\sqrt{3} + 1)(\sqrt{3} - 1)} = \frac{2(\sqrt{3} - 1)}{(\sqrt{3})^2 - 1} = \sqrt{3} - 1$。
数学上把这种将分母中的根号去掉的过程称为“分母有理化”。
$\frac{2}{\sqrt{3} + 1}$还可以用以下方法化简:
$\frac{2}{\sqrt{3} + 1} = \frac{3 - 1}{\sqrt{3} + 1} = \frac{(\sqrt{3})^2 - 1^2}{\sqrt{3} + 1} = \frac{(\sqrt{3} + 1)(\sqrt{3} - 1)}{\sqrt{3} + 1} = \sqrt{3} - 1$
解答下列问题:
(1) 请参照上述方法把下列各式分母有理化:
① $\frac{6}{\sqrt{3}}$;
② $\frac{2}{\sqrt{5} - \sqrt{3}}$。
(2) 化简:$\frac{1}{\sqrt{3} + 1} + \frac{1}{\sqrt{5} + \sqrt{3}} + \frac{1}{\sqrt{7} + \sqrt{5}} + ··· + \frac{1}{\sqrt{2025} + \sqrt{2023}}$。
答案
9. (1) ① $ 2\sqrt{3} $ ② $ \sqrt{5} + \sqrt{3} $ (2) 22
解析
(1) ① $\frac{6}{\sqrt{3}} = \frac{6×\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{3}×\sqrt{3}} = \frac{6\sqrt{3}}{3} = 2\sqrt{3}$
② $\frac{2}{\sqrt{5} - \sqrt{3}} = \frac{2(\sqrt{5} + \sqrt{3})}{(\sqrt{5} - \sqrt{3})(\sqrt{5} + \sqrt{3})} = \frac{2(\sqrt{5} + \sqrt{3})}{(\sqrt{5})^2 - (\sqrt{3})^2} = \frac{2(\sqrt{5} + \sqrt{3})}{5 - 3} = \sqrt{5} + \sqrt{3}$
(2) $\frac{1}{\sqrt{3} + 1} + \frac{1}{\sqrt{5} + \sqrt{3}} + \frac{1}{\sqrt{7} + \sqrt{5}} + ··· + \frac{1}{\sqrt{2025} + \sqrt{2023}}$
$= \frac{\sqrt{3} - 1}{(\sqrt{3} + 1)(\sqrt{3} - 1)} + \frac{\sqrt{5} - \sqrt{3}}{(\sqrt{5} + \sqrt{3})(\sqrt{5} - \sqrt{3})} + ··· + \frac{\sqrt{2025} - \sqrt{2023}}{(\sqrt{2025} + \sqrt{2023})(\sqrt{2025} - \sqrt{2023})}$
$= \frac{\sqrt{3} - 1}{2} + \frac{\sqrt{5} - \sqrt{3}}{2} + ··· + \frac{45 - \sqrt{2023}}{2}$
$= \frac{45 - 1}{2} = 22$
② $\frac{2}{\sqrt{5} - \sqrt{3}} = \frac{2(\sqrt{5} + \sqrt{3})}{(\sqrt{5} - \sqrt{3})(\sqrt{5} + \sqrt{3})} = \frac{2(\sqrt{5} + \sqrt{3})}{(\sqrt{5})^2 - (\sqrt{3})^2} = \frac{2(\sqrt{5} + \sqrt{3})}{5 - 3} = \sqrt{5} + \sqrt{3}$
(2) $\frac{1}{\sqrt{3} + 1} + \frac{1}{\sqrt{5} + \sqrt{3}} + \frac{1}{\sqrt{7} + \sqrt{5}} + ··· + \frac{1}{\sqrt{2025} + \sqrt{2023}}$
$= \frac{\sqrt{3} - 1}{(\sqrt{3} + 1)(\sqrt{3} - 1)} + \frac{\sqrt{5} - \sqrt{3}}{(\sqrt{5} + \sqrt{3})(\sqrt{5} - \sqrt{3})} + ··· + \frac{\sqrt{2025} - \sqrt{2023}}{(\sqrt{2025} + \sqrt{2023})(\sqrt{2025} - \sqrt{2023})}$
$= \frac{\sqrt{3} - 1}{2} + \frac{\sqrt{5} - \sqrt{3}}{2} + ··· + \frac{45 - \sqrt{2023}}{2}$
$= \frac{45 - 1}{2} = 22$
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