一、根据汉语意思写单词。
1. We walked several (英里)along the beach.
2. After playing outside, our shoes were covered with (土).
3. Colourful (旗帜)fly in the wind, making the square look lively.
4. We left clear (脚印)on the sand as we walked along the seaside.
5. Many students love playing (棒球)after school.

1.miles 2.dirt 3.flags 4.footprints 5.baseball

【分析】首先根据汉语意思确定对应的英语单词，再结合句子中的关键词（如several、谓语动词形式等）判断单词的正确形式，确保符合语法和语境要求。
【解析】1. 空格前有several（几个），后接可数名词复数，“英里”对应的单词是mile，复数形式为miles；2. “土”对应的不可数名词是dirt，无复数变化；3. 谓语动词fly是原形，主语需为复数，“旗帜”对应的单词是flag，复数形式为flags；4. 主语需为复数，“脚印”对应的单词是footprint，复数形式为footprints；5. “棒球”对应的球类名词是baseball，play后接球类名词用单数形式。
【答案】1.miles 2.dirt 3.flags 4.footprints 5.baseball
【知识点】可数名词复数、不可数名词、球类名词用法
【点评】本题考查基础词汇的拼写及在具体语境中的正确运用，属于英语基础题型，注重词汇积累和基本语法的运用。
【难度系数】0.8

二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
6. Before taking exercise, be sure (warm) up fully to avoid getting hurt.
7. The precious painting (keep) well in the museum all year round.
8. Many athletes practise (do) sports hard every single day.
9. He showed up at the party and all of us. How it was to see him there! (surprise)
10. This box is than that one, but it is not one. (big)

6.to warm 7.is kept 8.doing
9.surprised;surprising 10.bigger;the biggest

【分析】
本题为用所给单词适当形式填空的题型，需结合句子结构、固定搭配、时态语态、词性变化及形容词的级的规则确定正确形式。具体思路：1. 第6题考查固定搭配be sure to do sth，需用动词不定式；2. 第7题考查被动语态，主语是动作承受者，用一般现在时被动结构；3. 第8题考查固定搭配practise doing sth，需用动名词；4. 第9题第一空作谓语，与前面动词过去式并列，用动词过去式，第二空修饰事物用形容词；5. 第10题第一空有than用比较级，第二空表三者以上范围用最高级。
【解析】
6. 固定搭配be sure to do sth意为“务必做某事”，故填to warm；7. 主语the precious painting是keep的承受者，描述一般情况，用一般现在时被动语态，结构为is+过去分词，故填is kept；8. 固定搭配practise doing sth意为“练习做某事”，故填doing；9. 第一空与前面showed并列，用动词过去式surprised（使惊讶）；第二空修饰事物it，用形容词surprising（令人惊讶的），故填surprised; surprising；10. 第一空有than，用形容词比较级bigger；第二空表多个盒子中最大的，用最高级且加the，故填bigger; the biggest。
【答案】
6.to warm 7.is kept 8.doing 9.surprised;surprising 10.bigger;the biggest
【知识点】
固定搭配、被动语态、形容词的级
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础语法，侧重固定短语搭配、被动语态、词性转换及形容词级的应用，难度适中，需学生熟练掌握基础规则即可解答。
【难度系数】
0.6

三、阅读理解。
China is making great progress in rocket technology. CAST, the country's leading space organisation, is working to develop two reusable rocket models. These rockets can fly more than once, which helps save money and makes space travel easier. Jiang Jie, a senior researcher at CAST, said that reusable rockets are the only way to make heavy-lift and affordable travel to space possible.
The major difference between the two models lies in their recovery（回收）methods. One way is to land on the ground. The first part of the rocket lands straight down on a special site and stands on its own legs. The other method uses a large net on a ship at sea. Since the rocket is caught by the net, landing legs are unnecessary.
Now, those plans are starting to take shape. Not long ago, China carried out an important test, in which a new rocket was sent up, and then it used its engines（引擎）to fly back and landed safely in the South China Sea. It was the first time a Chinese rocket returned successfully. Earlier this year, China also completed ground tests of the net-catching system. Although only the US has reusable rockets in service so far, China is working hard to become the second country to achieve this. To achieve this goal, CAST will carry out the first test to catch the rocket with a net.
Reusable rockets will bring great benefits to China. They will help send more things into space at a lower cost and also help scientists get experience for building even bigger rockets in the future. With these advantages, China is ready to take the next step.
() 11. The main purpose of developing reusable rockets is to .
A. make rockets look more beautiful
B. make rockets fly faster than before
C. help rockets reach farther places in space
D. save money and make space travel easier
() 12. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?
A. The two models are mainly different in speed.
B. Both recovery methods require landing legs.
C. Scientists use a large net on a ship to catch the rocket.
D. The net-catching method requires a special site on the ground.
() 13. In Paragraph 3, what has China achieved in reusable rocket technology?
①A rocket has managed to land safely in the South China Sea.
②China has become the second country with reusable rockets.
③China has completed ground tests of the net-catching system.
④China has succeeded in catching a rocket with a net.
A. ①② B. ①③ C. ②④ D. ③④
() 14. What will the writer most probably talk about next?
A. The environmental problems caused by space travel.
B. The history of the first rockets invented in ancient China.
C. The introduction of the Chang'e 6 moon exploration mission.
D. The detailed plan of China's next space mission using reusable rockets.

11—14.DCBD

【分析】
这是一篇英语阅读理解题，需通过定位原文细节、理解段落内容、把握主旨及合理推理来解题。11题需定位研发可重复使用火箭的目的相关语句；12题需分析第二段关于两种火箭回收方法的差异；13题需筛选第三段中中国已实现的可重复使用火箭技术成就；14题需根据最后一段的逻辑推断作者接下来要谈论的内容。
【解析】
11题：根据第一段“These rockets can fly more than once, which helps save money and makes space travel easier.”可知，研发可重复使用火箭的主要目的是省钱和让太空旅行更便捷，对应选项D。
12题：第二段指出两种模型的主要差异是回收方法：一种落地需着陆腿，另一种用海上的网（无需着陆腿）。选项A（差异在速度）错误；选项B（都需着陆腿）错误；选项C（科学家用海上的网抓火箭）符合原文；选项D（网捕法需地面特殊场地）错误，对应选项C。
13题：第三段提到中国已实现的成就：①火箭在南海安全着陆；③完成网捕系统的地面测试。而②（成为第二个拥有可重复使用火箭的国家）是目标尚未实现；④（成功用网抓火箭）是计划中的首次测试，未完成。因此选B（①③）。
14题：最后一段提到可重复使用火箭带来诸多好处，中国准备迈出下一步，据此推断作者接下来会谈论中国使用可重复使用火箭的下一次太空任务的详细计划，对应选项D。
【答案】
DCBD
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、推理判断题
【点评】
本文围绕中国可重复使用火箭展开，考查学生对原文细节的精准定位、段落内容的理解及逻辑推理能力，解题时需严格依据原文信息，避免主观猜测。
【难度系数】
0.7