一、根据中文意思完成句子。
1. 玲玲很幸运的是，她的家人支持她学画画。
Lingling is so lucky that her family her how to paint.
2. 他喜欢收集各种各样的汽车模型。
He likes collecting model cars.
3. 随着生活条件的提高，电视已不能满足人们日常娱乐的需要。
With the improvement of the living conditions, television can't for people's daily entertainment.
4. 爱迪生在很小的时候就表现出对科学很感兴趣。
Edison science from an early age.
5. 谚语说，失败是成功之母。
As the saying goes, failure is success.

1. support; in learning/studying
2. all kinds of
3. meet people's need(s)
4. showed great interest in
5. the mother of

【分析】
要完成这些句子，需结合中文意思，回忆对应的英语固定搭配、短语，同时注意动词的时态和形式：1. 对应“支持某人做某事”的固定搭配，结合一般现在时确定动词形式；2. 直接对应“各种各样的”固定短语；3. 对应“满足...的需要”的固定搭配；4. 对应“表现出对...感兴趣”的固定搭配，结合过去时态确定动词形式；5. 对应“...之母”的固定表达。
【解析】
1. 考查固定搭配support sb in doing sth，意为“支持某人做某事”，主语her family此处指家人，为复数概念，句子时态为一般现在时，故第一空填support；“学画画”是learn how to paint，介词in后接动名词，故第二、三空填in learning/studying。
2. 考查固定短语all kinds of，意为“各种各样的”，符合“各种各样的汽车模型”的意思，故填all kinds of。
3. 考查固定搭配meet one's need(s)，意为“满足某人的需要”，此处对应“满足人们日常娱乐的需要”，故填meet people's need(s)。
4. 考查固定搭配show great interest in，意为“表现出对...很感兴趣”，句中“from an early age”（从小时候）提示时态为一般过去时，故填showed great interest in。
5. 考查固定表达the mother of，意为“...之母”，对应“成功之母”，故填the mother of。
【答案】
1. support; in learning/studying
2. all kinds of
3. meet people's need(s)
4. showed great interest in
5. the mother of
【知识点】
英语固定搭配、英语固定短语、动词时态
【点评】
本题主要考查初中英语基础的固定搭配、短语及动词时态的运用，题型为常见的完成句子题，侧重对基础英语表达的积累，难度适中，只要平时牢记相关短语和搭配，结合语境注意时态，就能正确作答。
【难度系数】
0.7

二、根据短文完成思维导图。
When we talk about inventions, most of us
think of some important things such as planes,
trains and computers. In fact, some small but
useful inventions are really interesting. A zipper（拉链）is such an invention invented by Whitcomb Judson in 1893 and it is used on dresses, trousers, bags and so on. Another example is the saw（锯子）. It's said that it was invented by Lu Ban thousands of years ago. The saw helped ancient people saw wood into boards easily and it is still widely used in the modern society.

Author’s Viewpoint
3.

1. dresses, trousers, bags
2. saw wood into boards easily
3. Some small but useful inventions are really interesting.

【分析】
本题考查根据短文提取关键信息的能力，解题思路为：先通读短文，定位每个空对应的原文内容，再准确提取所需信息。第1题对应拉链的使用场景，第2题对应锯子的作用，第3题对应作者的核心观点，需从原文中直接找到匹配内容。
【解析】
1. 定位原文“A zipper...it is used on dresses, trousers, bags and so on”，可知拉链用在dresses, trousers, bags等物品上，故填该内容；
2. 定位原文“The saw helped ancient people saw wood into boards easily”，可知锯子的作用是帮助古人轻易地把木头锯成木板，故填该内容；
3. 定位原文“In fact, some small but useful inventions are really interesting”，可知作者的观点是一些小而有用的发明真的很有趣，故填该内容。
【答案】
1. dresses, trousers, bags
2. saw wood into boards easily
3. Some small but useful inventions are really interesting.
【知识点】
阅读理解，信息提取
【点评】
本题为信息提取类题目，答案均来自原文，难度较低，主要考查学生快速定位原文关键信息的能力。
【难度系数】
0.8

三、阅读理解。
Last year, the world's smallest humanoid
robot（仿人机器人）appeared in Hong Kong. The robot was just 14.1 cm tall—shorter than a pen. It was invented by four students, Aaron Ho Yat Fung, Isaac Zachary To, Justin Wang Tou Duong and Ngo Hei Leung. Their robot broke a Guinness（吉尼斯）world record.
Why did they make the robot?
Many kids today use robots to learn programming（编程）. But the robots are usually big and expensive. This means that poor families can't get them. Their homes are too small for the big robots, said 16-year-old Leung. To help more people learn about robots, they decided to make a much smaller one.
How did they make the robot?
The students 3D-printed parts of the robot. It can walk on two legs and move its shoulders, elbows（肘）, knees and hips（臀部）.
What challenges did they meet?
It's not easy to make a small robot walk like a human. The small space between its joints（关节）makes walking hard enough. Also, because it's a bit top-heavy, it can easily fall over. So, they tried different shapes and sizes and ended up with a flat rectangular design（扁平矩形设计）. They also found that the first battery they wanted to use was too big and heavy for this robot. So they used a smaller battery finally. They spent six months in making this robot.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
()1. What world record did the students break?
A. They made the smallest humanoid robot.
B. They made the smartest humanoid robot.
C. They made the fastest humanoid robot.
D. They made the cheapest humanoid robot.
()2. Why did the students make the robot?
A. To finish a school task.
B. To use it to make short pens.
C. To set a Guinness world record.
D. To help more kids learn about robots.
()3. Which of the following did the students use to make the robot?
A. Hand-made parts.
B. 3D printing.
C. Expensive joints.
D. Special pens.
()4. What did the students do to stop the robot from falling over?
A. They made the space between its joints bigger.
B. They made the robot top-heavy.
C. They used a flat rectangular design.
D. They used a big and heavy battery.
()5. Which of the following can describe the four students according to the text?
A. Proud.
B. Polite.
C. Serious.
D. Creative.

1. A 2. D 3. B
4. C 由第四段第四句可知，为了防止机器人摔倒，他们使用了扁平矩形设计。
5. D 本文主要介绍香港的四名学生发明机器人的故事。由此看出，这些学生勤奋努力、富有创意。

【分析】做这类英语阅读理解题时，首先通读全文把握文章主旨，再阅读题干，提取题干中的关键词（如第1题的“world record”、第2题的“Why”等），带着关键词回到原文定位对应内容，将选项与原文信息逐一比对，排除与原文不符的选项，最终确定正确答案。
【解析】1. 根据第一段“Last year, the world's smallest humanoid robot... Their robot broke a Guinness world record.”可知，四名学生打破的是“最小仿人机器人”的吉尼斯纪录，对应选项A。
2. 根据“Why did they make the robot?”段落最后一句“To help more people learn about robots, they decided to make a much smaller one.”可知，他们制作机器人的目的是帮助更多孩子了解机器人，对应选项D。
3. 根据“How did they make the robot?”段落“The students 3D-printed parts of the robot.”可知，学生们用3D打印制作机器人部件，对应选项B。
4. 根据“What challenges did they meet?”段落“Also, because it's a bit top-heavy... they tried different shapes and sizes and ended up with a flat rectangular design.”可知，为防止机器人摔倒，他们采用了扁平矩形设计，对应选项C。
5. 四名学生发明了世界最小的仿人机器人，结合他们解决问题的过程，可看出他们富有创意，对应选项D。
【答案】1.A 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.D
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解题、推理判断题
【点评】本文介绍了四名香港学生发明世界最小仿人机器人的故事，题目以细节理解为主，少量推理判断，考查学生快速定位原文信息、分析判断的能力，贴近学生生活实际，易于理解。
【难度系数】0.6