B
KEY→P21
范畴:人与社会 主题:历史故事 体裁:记叙文 难度:★★★★ 建议用时:8分钟 评价:/5
During the Jin dynasty, there was a child named Che Yin. He was smart and loved to read. He grew up in a poor family and couldn’t afford lamp oil(灯油) to study at night.
One night, he saw fireflies(萤火虫) outside his house and came up with an idea. He caught some fireflies in a cloth bag and hung the bag up as a lamp. It was said that he spent all his summer nights reading like this.
Another child named Sun Kang also loved reading during the same time period. One night during winter, Sun used up all his lamp oil and couldn’t study at night. When he suddenly woke up at midnight, he saw the thick snow reflecting the moonlight outside his house. His first thought was “Oh, I can use the reflected light to read!”. He took out his books and read, even though it was freezing cold.
The two kids later became successful government officials. People were touched by their hard-working spirit and their stories inspired the Chinese idiom “nang ying ying xue”, which means “to read by the light of bagged fireflies or the reflected light of snow”.
In the past, people had a much harder time studying than we do now. They had to copy books by hand because there were very few books then. For poor families, paper and writing brushes were often too expensive to afford. Students even had to travel over mountains and rivers in order to find a good teacher. However, these tough conditions did not stop young minds from pursuing knowledge.
A professor from Peking University said, “All of these stories inspire people to study hard although there are many difficulties. We can also learn from these stories. Some may sound a little exaggerated(夸张的) and romanticized, but they are just like the light of fireflies—they light up the road to knowledge.”
()1. What do we know about the two children?
A. They helped each other.
B. They invented a Chinese idiom.
C. They wasted their time during the day.
D. They were smart and worked hard.
()2. ＜新考法·组合式选择＞ Which of the following are the reasons why people copied books by hand?
① There were few books.
② Many people were too poor.
③ People wanted to get knowledge.
④ Most people liked doing it.
A. ①②③
B. ②③④
C. ①③④
D. ①②④
()3. What does the underlined word “tough” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. Hard.
B. Easy.
C. New.
D. Old.
()4. What might the professor agree with?
A. These stories are not real.
B. These stories are encouraging.
C. People used to read more books.
D. People were all poor at that time.
()5. What would be the best title for this passage?
A. The stories of the Jin dynasty
B. A Chinese poem
C. Light to guide you
D. Famous poor people

B
本文讲述了“囊萤映雪”的故事，以此鼓励我们克服困难去追求知识。
1. D 推理判断题。根据“The two kids later became successful government officials.”可知，这两个孩子都是在艰苦的条件下，创造不同的方式坚持读书，最后成为成功人士，说明他们都是聪明、努力的。
2. A 组合式选择题。由短文第五段内容可知，那时书很少，许多人很穷，但他们想获取知识，所以他们选择抄书。
3. A 词义猜测题。根据“... these tough conditions did not stop young minds from pursuing knowledge.”可知，艰苦的条件没有阻止他们追求知识。tough 与 hard 意思接近。
4. B 推理判断题。根据“All of these stories inspire people to study hard although there are many difficulties. We can also learn from these stories.”可知，教授认为这些故事是鼓舞人心的。
5. C 标题概括题。根据最后一段中“they are just like the light of fireflies—they light up the road to knowledge”并结合全文可知，本文讲述了“囊萤映雪”的故事，并将这一类故事比作求知路上的指引灯。

【分析】这是一篇围绕“囊萤映雪”历史故事的英语阅读理解题，共5道题型，分别涉及推理判断、组合式选择、词义猜测、主旨理解。解题时需先通读全文把握主旨，再针对每道题的考点，回原文定位相关信息，结合上下文语境分析选项，排除不符合原文的错误选项，最终得出正确答案。
【解析】1. 推理判断题：根据文中两个孩子在艰苦条件下坚持读书最终成功的描述，可知他们聪明且努力，故选D。2. 组合式选择题：由第五段“there were very few books”“paper and writing brushes were often too expensive to afford”“pursuing knowledge”可知，抄书的原因是书少、贫穷、想获取知识，对应①②③，故选A。3. 词义猜测题：根据第五段“these tough conditions did not stop young minds from pursuing knowledge”，结合上下文艰苦的环境，可知tough意为“艰难的”，与hard同义，故选A。4. 推理判断题：根据教授的话“All of these stories inspire people to study hard although there are many difficulties”，可知教授认为这些故事是鼓舞人心的，故选B。5. 标题概括题：结合全文将囊萤映雪的光比作求知路上的指引灯，对应“Light to guide you”，故选C。
【答案】1.D 2.A 3.A 4.B 5.C
【知识点】阅读理解、词义猜测、推理判断
【点评】本文通过“囊萤映雪”的故事传递刻苦学习的精神，考查学生对细节信息、词义及主旨的理解，包含新考法的组合式选择题，需学生准确提取原文关键信息。
【难度系数】0.6