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Have you ever noticed the sidewalks for the blind in everyday life? They are very important for the people who can't see. Yu Guanbin, a blind man from Shenzhen, showed us the new changes to the sidewalks for the blind in his city.
Yu unluckily became blind over 10 years ago. At that time, it was not easy for him to go outside. As there were no sidewalks for the blind in many places across the city, Yu easily got lost. He had to stay at home as much as possible. "However, things have changed a lot recently. Most roads in the city now have sidewalks for the blind. I go to work on foot every day. It only takes me 15 minutes. I can also walk to a nearby bread shop to buy breakfast and take the underground to my friends' homes on weekends," said Yu.
What's more, the new sidewalks are more user - friendly. For example, the sidewalks are 30 centimetres to 50 centimetres away from the green plants along the roads. "Such careful design makes us feel safer while walking," Yu said. "On my way to the office, a new manhole cover (井盖) is also put into use. The sidewalk can lie over the manhole cover, so we don't need to make a turn like before."
Now, most roads have sidewalks for the blind. However, there are still some problems. Some people misuse the sidewalks by leaving their cars there. Also, blind people need something that can make sound at traffic lights to help them cross the roads. Yu hopes to see more great changes in the future.
(
A. To explain the fact.
B. To lead in the topic.
C. To provide an example.
D. To make an argument.
(
A. He didn't go out very often.
B. He walked to get breakfast every day.
C. It was not easy for him to get lost.
D. He could go anywhere he wanted to go.
(
A. There aren't enough traffic lights for the blind.
B. There isn't enough space to place people's cars.
C. The blind still have difficulty crossing the roads.
D. Some blind people don't know how to use the sidewalks.
(
A. By giving explanations.
B. By following the time order.
C. By comparing different ideas.
D. By providing typical examples.
Have you ever noticed the sidewalks for the blind in everyday life? They are very important for the people who can't see. Yu Guanbin, a blind man from Shenzhen, showed us the new changes to the sidewalks for the blind in his city.
Yu unluckily became blind over 10 years ago. At that time, it was not easy for him to go outside. As there were no sidewalks for the blind in many places across the city, Yu easily got lost. He had to stay at home as much as possible. "However, things have changed a lot recently. Most roads in the city now have sidewalks for the blind. I go to work on foot every day. It only takes me 15 minutes. I can also walk to a nearby bread shop to buy breakfast and take the underground to my friends' homes on weekends," said Yu.
What's more, the new sidewalks are more user - friendly. For example, the sidewalks are 30 centimetres to 50 centimetres away from the green plants along the roads. "Such careful design makes us feel safer while walking," Yu said. "On my way to the office, a new manhole cover (井盖) is also put into use. The sidewalk can lie over the manhole cover, so we don't need to make a turn like before."
Now, most roads have sidewalks for the blind. However, there are still some problems. Some people misuse the sidewalks by leaving their cars there. Also, blind people need something that can make sound at traffic lights to help them cross the roads. Yu hopes to see more great changes in the future.
(
B
)1. Why does the writer raise a question in the first paragraph?A. To explain the fact.
B. To lead in the topic.
C. To provide an example.
D. To make an argument.
(
A
)2. What was Yu's life like over ten years ago?A. He didn't go out very often.
B. He walked to get breakfast every day.
C. It was not easy for him to get lost.
D. He could go anywhere he wanted to go.
(
C
)3. Which problem is mentioned in the passage?A. There aren't enough traffic lights for the blind.
B. There isn't enough space to place people's cars.
C. The blind still have difficulty crossing the roads.
D. Some blind people don't know how to use the sidewalks.
(
D
)4. How is the passage mainly developed?A. By giving explanations.
B. By following the time order.
C. By comparing different ideas.
D. By providing typical examples.
答案
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了深圳盲道的新变化。
1. B 细节理解题。根据第一段“Have you ever noticed the sidewalks for the blind in everyday life? They are very important for the people who can't see. Yu Guanbin, a blind man from Shenzhen, showed us the new changes to the sidewalks for the blind in his city.”可知，作者在第一段提出问题是为了引出主题：盲道。故选 B。
2. A 细节理解题。根据第二段“Yu unluckily became blind over 10 years ago... He had to stay at home as much as possible.”可知，他不经常出去。故选 A。
3. C 细节理解题。根据最后一段“However, there are still some problems. Some people misuse the sidewalks by leaving their cars there. Also, blind people need something that can make sound at traffic lights to help them cross the roads.”可知，盲人过马路仍然有困难。故选 C。
4. D 写作手法题。根据第一段“Yu Guanbin, a blind man from Shenzhen, showed us the new changes to the sidewalks for the blind in his city.”可知，文章是通过以盲人 Yu Guanbin 这个典型的例子来展开文章的。故选 D。
1. B 细节理解题。根据第一段“Have you ever noticed the sidewalks for the blind in everyday life? They are very important for the people who can't see. Yu Guanbin, a blind man from Shenzhen, showed us the new changes to the sidewalks for the blind in his city.”可知，作者在第一段提出问题是为了引出主题：盲道。故选 B。
2. A 细节理解题。根据第二段“Yu unluckily became blind over 10 years ago... He had to stay at home as much as possible.”可知，他不经常出去。故选 A。
3. C 细节理解题。根据最后一段“However, there are still some problems. Some people misuse the sidewalks by leaving their cars there. Also, blind people need something that can make sound at traffic lights to help them cross the roads.”可知，盲人过马路仍然有困难。故选 C。
4. D 写作手法题。根据第一段“Yu Guanbin, a blind man from Shenzhen, showed us the new changes to the sidewalks for the blind in his city.”可知，文章是通过以盲人 Yu Guanbin 这个典型的例子来展开文章的。故选 D。
解析
【分析】
拿到这篇说明文阅读，首先先通读全文把握核心主题是介绍深圳盲道的新变化，之后逐题结合题干关键词定位原文对应段落：第1题判断首段设问的作用，先回忆英语文章开篇问句的常见功能，再看问句之后的内容直接引出了盲道新变化的核心话题，就能推导作用；第2题定位到描述十多年前余关斌生活状态的第二段，把选项和原文描述逐一比对就能选出正确项；第3题定位到最后一段的现存问题部分，排除和原文不符的干扰选项，找到文中明确提到的问题；第4题梳理全文的行文逻辑，判断文章依托盲人的亲身实例展开的特点，就能选出对应的写作手法。
【解析】
1. 根据第一段内容，作者开篇提出“你在日常生活中注意过盲道吗？”的问题后，紧接着就引出了来自深圳的盲人向大家展示当地盲道新变化的核心话题，该设问的作用就是自然引入本文要讨论的主题，A“解释事实”、C“提供例子”、D“提出论点”都不符合首段设问的功能，因此选B。
2. 定位原文第二段“Yu unluckily became blind over 10 years ago... He had to stay at home as much as possible.”，说明十多年前他尽可能待在家，很少外出，对应A选项；B是当下的生活状态，C和原文“Yu easily got lost”的描述相悖，D和当时他出行困难的内容不符，排除BCD。
3. 定位原文最后一段，文中提到现存的两个问题：一是有人占用盲道停车，二是盲人需要带发声装置的交通信号灯辅助过马路，说明盲人目前过马路仍存在困难，对应C选项；A错误，原文不是缺少交通灯，是现有交通灯缺少发声辅助装置，B完全不符合原文表述，D原文没有提及，排除ABD。
4. 梳理全文结构，整篇文章都以深圳盲人余关斌的亲身经历作为典型案例，从过去盲道缺失的不便，到现在盲道的人性化设计，再到现存的问题，都围绕该实例展开介绍盲道的新变化，对应D选项；A不是文章主要展开方式，B全文没有按照时间线推进，C没有对比不同观点，排除ABC。
【答案】
1.B 2.A 3.C 4.D
【知识点】
细节信息查找，说明文写作手法，语篇逻辑梳理
【点评】
本题属于中等难度的说明文阅读，题型覆盖了细节理解和写作手法判断两类高频考点，解题核心是掌握题干关键词定位原文的技巧，通过选项和原文内容逐一比对排除干扰项，同时梳理全文行文脉络判断文章展开逻辑，能够有效锻炼学生的信息提取和语篇分析能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
拿到这篇说明文阅读，首先先通读全文把握核心主题是介绍深圳盲道的新变化，之后逐题结合题干关键词定位原文对应段落：第1题判断首段设问的作用，先回忆英语文章开篇问句的常见功能，再看问句之后的内容直接引出了盲道新变化的核心话题，就能推导作用；第2题定位到描述十多年前余关斌生活状态的第二段，把选项和原文描述逐一比对就能选出正确项；第3题定位到最后一段的现存问题部分，排除和原文不符的干扰选项，找到文中明确提到的问题；第4题梳理全文的行文逻辑，判断文章依托盲人的亲身实例展开的特点，就能选出对应的写作手法。
【解析】
1. 根据第一段内容，作者开篇提出“你在日常生活中注意过盲道吗？”的问题后，紧接着就引出了来自深圳的盲人向大家展示当地盲道新变化的核心话题，该设问的作用就是自然引入本文要讨论的主题，A“解释事实”、C“提供例子”、D“提出论点”都不符合首段设问的功能，因此选B。
2. 定位原文第二段“Yu unluckily became blind over 10 years ago... He had to stay at home as much as possible.”，说明十多年前他尽可能待在家，很少外出，对应A选项；B是当下的生活状态，C和原文“Yu easily got lost”的描述相悖，D和当时他出行困难的内容不符，排除BCD。
3. 定位原文最后一段，文中提到现存的两个问题：一是有人占用盲道停车，二是盲人需要带发声装置的交通信号灯辅助过马路，说明盲人目前过马路仍存在困难，对应C选项；A错误，原文不是缺少交通灯，是现有交通灯缺少发声辅助装置，B完全不符合原文表述，D原文没有提及，排除ABD。
4. 梳理全文结构，整篇文章都以深圳盲人余关斌的亲身经历作为典型案例，从过去盲道缺失的不便，到现在盲道的人性化设计，再到现存的问题，都围绕该实例展开介绍盲道的新变化，对应D选项；A不是文章主要展开方式，B全文没有按照时间线推进，C没有对比不同观点，排除ABC。
【答案】
1.B 2.A 3.C 4.D
【知识点】
细节信息查找，说明文写作手法，语篇逻辑梳理
【点评】
本题属于中等难度的说明文阅读，题型覆盖了细节理解和写作手法判断两类高频考点，解题核心是掌握题干关键词定位原文的技巧，通过选项和原文内容逐一比对排除干扰项，同时梳理全文行文脉络判断文章展开逻辑，能够有效锻炼学生的信息提取和语篇分析能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
