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三、缺词填空
根据短文内容和首字母提示，在短文下方的横线处填入适当的词使短文完整。(每空一词)
As a 3 - year - old boy in West Africa, Aliou was sitting by a fire when his quilt (被子) caught fire. One of his arms was b 1 burnt. He needed an operation, but his family couldn't a 2 it. Then one day, Aliou's grandmother heard about a ship that was travelling around Africa and p 3 free medical care. She took Aliou to the ship, and doctors straightened his arm through an operation. The medical t 4 changed Aliou's life.
The ship that helped Aliou belongs to an o 5 called Mercy Ships. Mercy Ships sends ships with medical equipment (设备) around the world, mainly in Africa now. Trained doctors volunteer to travel on these ships and perform free operations on people who need them.
Medical c 6 are very poor in some areas, and it can cause more problems than just pain, although pain is bad enough. People with health problems are sometimes ostracized (排挤) by their community. That can also p 7 children from going to school and adults from working.
Mercy Ships wants to make a change in the communities its ships visit. It has medical equipment and even better hospitals. Its medical volunteers offer t 8 to local doctors. They also teach local farmers how to farm their land better. This helps save many people from h 9 . Also, the ships have their own electricity and running water. So they can give a safe e 10 to patients. Through these efforts, Mercy Ships is making life better for people in poor areas all over the world.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
根据短文内容和首字母提示，在短文下方的横线处填入适当的词使短文完整。(每空一词)
As a 3 - year - old boy in West Africa, Aliou was sitting by a fire when his quilt (被子) caught fire. One of his arms was b 1 burnt. He needed an operation, but his family couldn't a 2 it. Then one day, Aliou's grandmother heard about a ship that was travelling around Africa and p 3 free medical care. She took Aliou to the ship, and doctors straightened his arm through an operation. The medical t 4 changed Aliou's life.
The ship that helped Aliou belongs to an o 5 called Mercy Ships. Mercy Ships sends ships with medical equipment (设备) around the world, mainly in Africa now. Trained doctors volunteer to travel on these ships and perform free operations on people who need them.
Medical c 6 are very poor in some areas, and it can cause more problems than just pain, although pain is bad enough. People with health problems are sometimes ostracized (排挤) by their community. That can also p 7 children from going to school and adults from working.
Mercy Ships wants to make a change in the communities its ships visit. It has medical equipment and even better hospitals. Its medical volunteers offer t 8 to local doctors. They also teach local farmers how to farm their land better. This helps save many people from h 9 . Also, the ships have their own electricity and running water. So they can give a safe e 10 to patients. Through these efforts, Mercy Ships is making life better for people in poor areas all over the world.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
答案
1. badly
2. afford
3. providing
4. treatment
5. organization
6. conditions
7. prevent
8. training
9. hunger
10. environment
2. afford
3. providing
4. treatment
5. organization
6. conditions
7. prevent
8. training
9. hunger
10. environment
解析
【分析】
做这类首字母提示的缺词填空，首先第一步要先通读全文，把握文章核心主旨：本文介绍了名为Mercy Ships的公益医疗船为贫困地区民众提供免费医疗帮扶的相关内容。接下来逐空结合上下文语境、句子的语法结构、首字母提示推导所需词汇，同时注意词性的正确变形，全部填完后再通读全文验证语句是否通顺、逻辑是否连贯。推导时优先结合前后文的提示信息，比如动作的逻辑、固定搭配的用法，判断空格处所需的词性，再匹配对应首字母的词汇即可。
【解析】
1. 此处需要副词修饰动词burnt（烧伤），结合前文被子被引燃的语境，说明烧伤程度很重，首字母为b，因此填badly，意为“严重地”。
2. 情态动词couldn't后接动词原形，前文提到他需要做手术，转折逻辑说明家庭没有支付能力，首字母为a，因此填afford，意为“负担得起”。
3. 此处和前文的travelling并列，是描述这艘船的属性，用现在分词形式，结合后文“免费医疗服务”的语境，首字母为p，因此填providing，意为“提供”。
4. 形容词medical后接名词，前文提到他接受了手术，说明这次医疗相关的干预改变了他的人生，首字母为t，因此填treatment，意为“治疗”。
5. 不定冠词an后接可数名词单数，Mercy Ships是一个公益机构，首字母为o，因此填organization，意为“组织”。
6. 后文be动词为are，说明主语是复数形式，语境描述部分地区医疗资源落后，首字母为c，因此填conditions，意为“条件”。
7. 情态动词can后接动词原形，此处符合固定搭配prevent sb. from doing sth.，表示“阻止某人做某事”，对应语境里被排挤的负面影响，首字母为p，因此填prevent。
8. 动词offer后接名词作宾语，志愿者面向当地医生开展技能相关的帮扶，首字母为t，因此填training，意为“培训”。
9. 介词from后接名词，前文提到教当地农民优化耕种方式，对应的作用是帮民众摆脱粮食短缺的问题，首字母为h，因此填hunger，意为“饥饿”。
10. 形容词safe后接名词，前文提到船自带电力和自来水，能给病人提供有保障的就医场景，首字母为e，因此填environment，意为“环境”。
【答案】
1. badly
2. afford
3. providing
4. treatment
5. organization
6. conditions
7. prevent
8. training
9. hunger
10. environment
【知识点】
首字母缺词填空，固定搭配，词性辨析
【点评】
本题属于记叙文类首字母填空，主题贴近公益现实，行文逻辑连贯，考点覆盖副词、动词、名词等多种词性的运用，同时考察了prevent sb. from doing等常用固定搭配，既要求学生能梳理上下文的逻辑关联，也要求学生熟练掌握词汇的词义和正确变形，难度适中，做完后可以积累医疗帮扶类话题的相关表达。
【难度系数】
0.6
做这类首字母提示的缺词填空，首先第一步要先通读全文，把握文章核心主旨：本文介绍了名为Mercy Ships的公益医疗船为贫困地区民众提供免费医疗帮扶的相关内容。接下来逐空结合上下文语境、句子的语法结构、首字母提示推导所需词汇，同时注意词性的正确变形，全部填完后再通读全文验证语句是否通顺、逻辑是否连贯。推导时优先结合前后文的提示信息，比如动作的逻辑、固定搭配的用法，判断空格处所需的词性，再匹配对应首字母的词汇即可。
【解析】
1. 此处需要副词修饰动词burnt（烧伤），结合前文被子被引燃的语境，说明烧伤程度很重，首字母为b，因此填badly，意为“严重地”。
2. 情态动词couldn't后接动词原形，前文提到他需要做手术，转折逻辑说明家庭没有支付能力，首字母为a，因此填afford，意为“负担得起”。
3. 此处和前文的travelling并列，是描述这艘船的属性，用现在分词形式，结合后文“免费医疗服务”的语境，首字母为p，因此填providing，意为“提供”。
4. 形容词medical后接名词，前文提到他接受了手术，说明这次医疗相关的干预改变了他的人生，首字母为t，因此填treatment，意为“治疗”。
5. 不定冠词an后接可数名词单数，Mercy Ships是一个公益机构，首字母为o，因此填organization，意为“组织”。
6. 后文be动词为are，说明主语是复数形式，语境描述部分地区医疗资源落后，首字母为c，因此填conditions，意为“条件”。
7. 情态动词can后接动词原形，此处符合固定搭配prevent sb. from doing sth.，表示“阻止某人做某事”，对应语境里被排挤的负面影响，首字母为p，因此填prevent。
8. 动词offer后接名词作宾语，志愿者面向当地医生开展技能相关的帮扶，首字母为t，因此填training，意为“培训”。
9. 介词from后接名词，前文提到教当地农民优化耕种方式，对应的作用是帮民众摆脱粮食短缺的问题，首字母为h，因此填hunger，意为“饥饿”。
10. 形容词safe后接名词，前文提到船自带电力和自来水，能给病人提供有保障的就医场景，首字母为e，因此填environment，意为“环境”。
【答案】
1. badly
2. afford
3. providing
4. treatment
5. organization
6. conditions
7. prevent
8. training
9. hunger
10. environment
【知识点】
首字母缺词填空，固定搭配，词性辨析
【点评】
本题属于记叙文类首字母填空，主题贴近公益现实，行文逻辑连贯，考点覆盖副词、动词、名词等多种词性的运用，同时考察了prevent sb. from doing等常用固定搭配，既要求学生能梳理上下文的逻辑关联，也要求学生熟练掌握词汇的词义和正确变形，难度适中，做完后可以积累医疗帮扶类话题的相关表达。
【难度系数】
0.6
