一、根据括号中的中文提示或句意，写出句中所缺单词或短语，使句子通顺。
1. Chinese people are kind enough to make the guests (不拘束).
2. There are some interesting (不同)in manners among countries.
3. We usually use *nin* to address others to show our (礼貌)and respect.
4. We Chinese are sometimes too modest to accept praise (公开地，毫不隐瞒地).
5. My brother always (回答，答复)to my letters as soon as possible.

1. feel at home 2. differences 3. politeness 4. openly 5. replies

【分析】
这是根据中文提示补全句子的题型，解题时首先通读整句理解完整句意，先结合中文提示联想到对应的英文表达，再结合空格前后的语法约束判断最终的正确形式：需要重点关注使役动词的搭配规则、be动词的数、物主代词的属性、修饰成分对应的词性、主语人称和时态对谓语的要求，逐一排查确认，避免出现形式错误。
【解析】
1. 句意：中国人十分友善，会让客人感觉不拘束。“不拘束”对应的固定英文短语是feel at home，同时句中存在make sb. do sth.（让某人做某事）的固定使役结构，空格处需要填动词原形，因此填feel at home。
2. 句意：各国的礼仪之间存在一些有趣的不同点。提示“不同”此处需要填名词，句中be动词是are，说明后面的可数名词要使用复数形式，表“不同之处”的名词difference的复数为differences，因此填differences。
3. 句意：我们通常用“您”称呼他人，来表达我们的礼貌和尊重。形容词性物主代词our后需要接名词，提示“礼貌”的名词形式是politeness，和后面的名词respect并列，因此填politeness。
4. 句意：我们中国人有时过于谦虚，不会公开地接受赞美。提示“公开地”是副词，用于修饰动词accept，对应的英文副词是openly，因此填openly。
5. 句意：我哥哥总是尽快回复我的信件。提示“回答、答复”此处是和to搭配的不及物动词，主语My brother是第三人称单数，句子为一般现在时，谓语动词要变为第三人称单数形式，reply的三单形式是replies，因此填replies。
【答案】
1. feel at home 2. differences 3. politeness 4. openly 5. replies
【知识点】
固定短语搭配；词形变换；主谓一致
【点评】
本题结合跨文化交际的相关语境考察基础词汇和语法的综合运用，既要求学生熟记对应中文的英文表达，还需要结合句子结构特征判断所填内容的正确形式，属于基础词汇运用类题型，能有效检验学生对基础词法规则的掌握程度。
【难度系数】
0.7

二、根据短文内容，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文完整通顺。
Su Shi, known as Su Dongpo, was a famous Chinese writer, poet and painter. When he was young, he read a lot of books and wrote many good articles. People thought 1(high)of him. Because of this, he became very proud and wrote a couplet(对联)for 2(him).
Knowing all the words in the world*;
Reading all the books on the earth*.
A wise old man saw this couplet and thought, “It is necessary for Su Shi 3(learn)how to be modest.” So, one day, he came to Su Shi's house with a book.
The old man showed Su Shi the book and explained, “So far, I 4(read)the book several times, but there are still some difficult words that I can't understand. I have asked many people, but none of them could understand their meanings. I have heard that you are a person with rich 5(know), so I come to ask you.”
Full of confidence, Su Shi took the book from the old 6(man)hand, but when he opened it, he became very 7(surprise)because there were many words he didn't know. At that moment, Su Shi realized that there were many more things that he had to learn. In fact, the old man knew every word in this book. He just wanted to make Su Shi know the importance of 8(be)modest. Su Shi was embarrassed(尴尬的)and said, “Now I know why you came. I shouldn't have been so arrogant(自大的).”
The old man smiled and 9(leave). Then Su Shi quickly took his brush and ink, and added some words to the couplet.
Working hard to know all the words in the world*;
Being determined to read all the books on the earth*.
From then on, he devoted all his time to 10(study). Finally, Su Shi made great achievements in many fields, especially in literature(文学).
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1. highly 2. himself 3. to learn 4. have read 5. knowledge 6. man's 7. surprised 8. being 9. left 10. studying

【分析】
这是一篇故事类的词形转换填空题，解题时首先通读全文，理清苏轼从骄傲自满到懂得谦逊的故事脉络，再逐空结合句子的语法结构、固定搭配、时态规则分析提示词的正确形式：先判断空格在句中充当的成分，修饰动词/形容词要考虑副词形式，介词后要考虑动名词形式，形容词后要考虑名词形式，有明确时态标志的要对应调整动词时态，表所属关系要考虑名词所有格，指代主语自身要使用反身代词，全部填完后再通读短文，验证语义和语法是否通顺合理。
【解析】
1. 此处修饰动词think，固定搭配think highly of 表示“高度评价”，因此将形容词high变为副词highly。
2. 句意为“他为自己写了一副对联”，指代主语he自身，要使用反身代词himself。
3. 此处符合固定句型It is + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth. 表示“对某人来说做某事是……的”，因此填不定式to learn。
4. 句中出现现在完成时的标志性短语so far（到目前为止），主语是I，助动词用have，动词read变为现在完成时形式have read。
5. 空格前的rich是形容词，形容词修饰名词，因此把动词know变为名词形式knowledge，意为“知识”，rich knowledge表示“渊博的知识”。
6. 空格后是名词hand，此处要表达“老人的手”，需要用名词所有格man's，表所属关系。
7. 空格前的became是系动词，后面接形容词作表语，此处修饰人的感受，因此把动词surprise变为形容词surprised，意为“惊讶的”。
8. 空格前的of是介词，介词后面要接动名词作宾语，因此be变为动名词形式being。
9. 句中and并列两个谓语动词，前面的smiled是一般过去时，因此leave也要变为一般过去式left。
10. 此处符合固定搭配devote one's time to doing sth. 表示“把某人的时间投入到做某事中”，此处的to是介词，后面接动名词，因此study变为studying。
【答案】
1. highly 2. himself 3. to learn 4. have read 5. knowledge 6. man's 7. surprised 8. being 9. left 10. studying
【知识点】
词形转换，固定搭配，时态辨析
【点评】
本题以苏轼领悟谦逊重要性的经典小故事为载体，覆盖了初中英语词形变换的高频考点，既考察学生对基础语法规则的掌握，也要求学生结合上下文语义判断正确变形，难度适中，能有效帮助学生巩固非谓语动词、时态、名词所有格等核心知识点。
【难度系数】
0.7