2026年综合应用创新题典中点八年级英语上册外研版第50页答案
Ⅰ cost, spend, take, pay 辨析
pay, spend, take, cost
1. The coat was cheap. It only
cost
me 60 yuan yesterday in the street.
2. Toby lost the book from the library, so he had to
pay
30 yuan for it.
3. It will
take
only about an hour and a half to travel to Maiji Mountain by high-speed railway.
4. The kind man
spent
all his money helping the poor children go to school.

答案

1. cost 2. pay 3. take 4. spent

解析

【分析】
首先需掌握表示“花费”的四个动词cost、spend、take、pay的用法区别:1. cost:主语为物,常用结构“sth cost sb + 金钱”,表某物花费某人多少钱;2. pay:主语为人,常用结构“sb pay + 金钱 + for sth”,表某人为某物付款;3. take:常用it作形式主语,结构为“It takes sb + 时间 + to do sth”,表做某事花费某人多少时间;4. spend:主语为人,常用结构“sb spend + 时间/金钱 + (in) doing sth/on sth”,表某人花费时间/金钱做某事。再结合句子主语、搭配及时态,选择合适的动词。
【解析】
1. 句子主语是物the coat,符合“sth cost sb + 金钱”结构,时间状语yesterday表过去,故填cost;
2. 句子结构为“pay + 金钱 + for sth”,主语he为人,had to后接动词原形,故填pay;
3. 句子是“It takes sb + 时间 + to do sth”结构,will后接动词原形,故填take;
4. 句子主语为人,搭配“spend...doing sth”,语境为过去动作,故填spent。
【答案】
1. cost 2. pay 3. take 4. spent
【知识点】
动词辨析;固定搭配;一般过去时
【点评】
本题考查初中英语核心的“花费类动词”用法辨析,需牢记各动词的主语、搭配及时态变化,是基础考点,需熟练掌握。
【难度系数】
0.4
Ⅱ. lend, borrow, keep 辨析
lend, borrow, keep
1. Could you please
lend
me your dictionary?
Mine’s not here.
2. I have
lent
the storybook to others, so I
can’t give it to you now.
3. May I
borrow
your dictionary? I need to look
up a new word.
4. He
borrowed
the book two weeks ago. He has
kept
it for fourteen days.

答案

1. lend 2. lent 3. borrow 4. borrowed; kept

解析

【分析】首先明确lend(借出,非延续性动词,过去式/过去分词为lent,搭配lend sb sth/lend sth to sb)、borrow(借入,非延续性动词,搭配borrow sth from sb)、keep(保留,延续性动词,可与时间段连用,过去式/过去分词为kept)的用法差异。再结合句子语境判断动作方向(借出/借入)和时态:1. 情态动词Could后接动词原形,语境为请求对方借出字典;2. 现在完成时需用动词过去分词,语境为“把书借给别人”;3. 情态动词May后接动词原形,语境为请求借入字典;4. 第一空由two weeks ago判断为一般过去时,动作是借入;第二空由for fourteen days(时间段)判断需用延续性动词的过去分词,对应现在完成时。
【解析】1. 固定搭配lend sb sth表示“借给某人某物”,Could后接动词原形,故填lend;2. 现在完成时结构为have+过去分词,lend的过去分词是lent,故填lent;3. 固定搭配borrow sth表示“借入某物”,May后接动词原形,故填borrow;4. 第一空:two weeks ago是一般过去时标志,借入用borrow的过去式borrowed;第二空:for fourteen days是时间段,需用延续性动词keep的过去分词kept(现在完成时has+过去分词),故依次填borrowed、kept。
【答案】1. lend 2. lent 3. borrow 4. borrowed; kept
【知识点】动词辨析、一般过去时、现在完成时
【点评】本题考查lend、borrow、keep的词义及用法区别,重点区分非延续性动词与延续性动词在时态中的应用,是初中英语基础词汇辨析题,需掌握搭配及时态变化规则。
【难度系数】0.5
Ⅲ.invent, invention, inventor 的用法
1. It is reported that the shared bike is one of China’s “four great new
inventions
(invent)”.
2. The Indians first
invented
(invent) and developed the 1 to 9 system of numbers.
3. ★★★★★ The
inventor
Thomas Edison
invented
many useful
inventions
, like the light bulb.(invent)

答案

1. inventions 2. invented 3. inventor; invented; inventions

解析

【分析】首先明确invent(动词,发明)、invention(名词,发明/发明物,复数inventions)、inventor(名词,发明家)的词性与词义差异,再结合每句的句子成分、语境判断所需形式:
1. 空格处需被“four great new”修饰,表“发明物”,用名词复数;
2. 句子缺谓语动词,动作发生在过去,用动词过去式;
3. 第一空指人(发明家),用名词;第二空作谓语,用动词过去式;第三空被“many useful”修饰,表“发明物”,用名词复数。
【解析】1. “four great new”后接可数名词复数,invention的复数为inventions,故填inventions;
2. 句子为一般过去时,谓语动词用invent的过去式invented,故填invented;
3. 第一空指人,用名词inventor;第二空作谓语,用过去式invented;第三空“many useful”后接可数名词复数,invention的复数为inventions,故依次填inventor、invented、inventions。
【答案】1. inventions 2. invented 3. inventor; invented; inventions
【知识点】同根词辨析、名词复数、一般过去时
【点评】本题考查invent相关同根词的词性、形式变化及时态运用,需结合句子成分分析,属于基础词汇运用题,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
Ⅳ.risk 的用法
1. You'd better not take
risks
(冒险) to do something dangerous.
2. We advised Robin not to risk
travelling
(travel) alone in such bad weather but he refused.
3. 他们冒着生命危险救了那个男孩。
They
risked
their
lives
to save that boy.

答案

1. risks 2. travelling 3. risked their lives

解析

【分析】
本题考查risk的常见用法,需结合固定短语、动词搭配及时态分析:第1题涉及固定短语“冒险”的表达;第2题考查动词risk的固定搭配;第3题需用“冒着生命危险”的短语并结合过去时态。
【解析】
1. 固定短语“冒险”为take risks,故填risks;
2. 动词risk后接动名词作宾语,travel的动名词形式为travelling,故填travelling;
3. “冒着生命危险”是固定搭配risk one's lives,主语为they,用their lives,句子描述过去动作,用一般过去时,risk的过去式为risked,故填risked their lives。
【答案】
1. risks 2. travelling 3. risked their lives
【知识点】
risk的固定搭配、动词用法、固定短语
【点评】
本题聚焦risk的核心基础用法,均为英语学习中需牢记的固定搭配,难度较低,适合巩固基础。
【难度系数】
0.6
Ⅴ.warn 的用法
1. The hazy (雾蒙蒙的) sky is a
warning
(warn) sign of serious air pollution.
2. The policeman warned the thief
to put
(put) up his hands and stand outside.
3. 父母总是警告我们夏天不要在河里面游泳。
Parents always warn
us
not
to
swim in the river in summer.
4. 我妈妈今天早上警告过我天气不好。
My mother
warned
me
about
the bad weather this morning.

答案

1. warning 2. to put 3. us not to 4. warned me about

解析

【分析】本题考查warn的相关用法及词性转换,解题时需先回忆warn的不同搭配和形式:第1题需修饰名词sign,故用形容词形式;第2题考查固定搭配warn sb to do sth;第3题是该搭配的否定形式warn sb not to do sth;第4题考查warn sb about sth的结构,同时注意时态。
【解析】1. 空格处修饰名词sign,需用warn的形容词形式warning,故填warning;2. 固定搭配warn sb to do sth意为“警告某人做某事”,此处填to put;3. 固定搭配warn sb not to do sth意为“警告某人不要做某事”,主语对应us,故填us not to;4. 固定搭配warn sb about sth意为“警告某人关于某事”,时间状语this morning提示用一般过去时,故填warned me about。
【答案】1. warning 2. to put 3. us not to 4. warned me about
【知识点】warn的用法、固定搭配、词性转换
【点评】本题聚焦warn的核心用法,涵盖词性变化、不同搭配及时态运用,是初中英语基础词汇用法的常规考查题,需熟练掌握相关短语结构。
【难度系数】0.3
Ⅵ.trouble 的用法
1. I have no trouble
speaking
(speak) English, but I am not good at listening.
2. The difficult homework
troubled
(trouble) him all day yesterday.
3. 如果你遇到麻烦,请立刻给我打电话。
If you are
in
trouble
, please call me at once.

答案

1. speaking 2. troubled 3. in trouble

解析

【分析】本题考查trouble的相关固定搭配及动词时态。第1小题需运用固定搭配have trouble (in) doing sth,介词in可省略,后接动名词;第2小题根据时间状语yesterday确定时态为一般过去时,需用动词的过去式;第3小题考查固定短语be in trouble的用法。
【解析】1. 固定搭配have trouble (in) doing sth表示“做某事有困难”,此处省略介词in,故将动词speak变为动名词speaking;2. 时间状语yesterday表明句子为一般过去时,动词trouble的过去式为troubled;3. “处于麻烦中”的固定表达是be in trouble,故填in trouble。
【答案】1. speaking 2. troubled 3. in trouble
【知识点】固定搭配、动词时态、介词短语
【点评】本题聚焦trouble的基础用法,考查学生对固定搭配和时态规则的掌握,属于英语基础考点,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.4
Ⅶ.create, creation, creative 辨析
1. Brainstorming(头脑风暴)ideas with others can improve your
creative
(create) thinking skills.
2.
Creating
(create) a warm and comfortable feeling in our homes needs patience.
3. Van Gogh was such a
creative
painter. He painted one of his
creations
called Sunflowers. (create)
4. 这款新产品的研发耗费了大量时间和精力。
The
creation
of this new product took a lot of time and effort.
5. 那个具有创造力的创作者因其非凡的创造力激励了很多年轻学生努力学习。
The
creative
creator
inspired many young students to study hard because of the extraordinary
creativity
.

答案

1. creative 2. Creating 3. creative; creations
4. creation 5. creative creator; creativity

解析

【分析】
首先明确create的三个派生词的词性与含义:create是动词,意为“创造”;creation是名词,意为“创造;作品”;creative是形容词,意为“有创造力的;创造性的”。解题时需根据空格在句中的成分(修饰名词、作主语、作宾语等)判断所需词性,再选择对应形式的单词。
【解析】
1. 空格后是名词短语thinking skills,需用形容词修饰,故填creative。
2. 空格位于句首作句子主语,动词原形不能作主语,需用其动名词形式,故填Creating。
3. 第一空修饰名词painter,需用形容词,故填creative;第二空“one of + 可数名词复数”表示“……之一”,此处指梵高的画作,需用名词复数,故填creations。
4. 空格前有定冠词The,后接介词of,需用名词,故填creation。
5. 第一空修饰名词creator,需用形容词,故填creative;第二空指“创作者”,需用名词creator;第三空形容词extraordinary后需接名词,意为“创造力”,故填creativity。
【答案】
1. creative 2. Creating 3. creative; creations 4. creation 5. creative creator; creativity
【知识点】
形容词用法、名词辨析、动名词作主语
【点评】
本题围绕create的派生词展开,考查不同词性在句中的语法功能,是基础词汇辨析题,需掌握各派生词的词性及适用语境。
【难度系数】
0.5