D 外刊视野
A recent study has changed what scientists 1. t about a special place on the Moon's south pole. It is called the South Pole-Aitken (SPA) basin. The findings may help NASA's new Artemis Ⅲ mission. This mission 2. p to land astronauts near the Moon's south pole.
The SPA basin is the biggest impact crater on the Moon. It is about 1,200 miles wide from north to south and 1,000 miles wide from east to west. Scientists think it formed around 4.3 billion 3. y ago. A huge asteroid(小行星) hit the Moon back then. The strong crash also let out chemicals from under the Moon's surface.
Before this study, scientists believed the asteroid came from the south 4. w it hit the Moon and made the SPA basin. But in the new study, a group led 5. b Jeffrey Andrews-Hanna from the University of Arizona found something new. The SPA basin looks like a teardrop. It gets narrower at its southern end. This 6. s the asteroid probably came from the north and moved south when it hit.
If the study's results are right, lots of chemicals from under the Moon's surface would have 7. q stayed at the Moon's south pole. Artemis astronauts will land close by in 2027. These valuable chemicals will be collected and studied by the astronauts to learn more about the Moon. This may 8. a questions about the Moon's growth. For 9. e, it can explain why the Moon's far side is thicker than 10. i smooth near side that we can see from Earth.
（素材选自 The Week Junior）

1. thought 2. plans 3. years 4. when 5. by 6. shows 7. quietly 8. answer 9. example 10. its

【分析】
本题为英语短文语境填空题，解题思路是先通读全文理解文章大意，再逐句分析每个空的词性、所需词义，结合语法规则（时态、固定搭配、介词等）和上下文语境匹配正确单词，确保填写的单词符合语义和语法要求。
【解析】
1. 句意：最近的一项研究改变了科学家们曾经对月球南极特殊区域的看法。此处表示“过去认为”，用think的过去式thought；
2. 句意：该任务计划在月球南极附近着陆宇航员。主语为单数名词mission，一般现在时，plan用第三人称单数形式plans；
3. 句意：科学家认为它形成于约43亿年前。“43亿年”的英文表达为4.3 billion years，故填years；
4. 句意：此前科学家认为小行星撞击月球形成SPA盆地时来自南方。此处用when引导时间状语从句，表“当……时”；
5. 句意：由亚利桑那大学Jeffrey Andrews-Hanna领导的团队有了新发现。“由……领导”是固定搭配led by，故填by；
6. 句意：这表明小行星撞击时可能来自北方并向南移动。主语为单数this，一般现在时，show用第三人称单数形式shows；
7. 句意：月球表面下的大量化学物质会安静地留在南极。此处需副词修饰动词stayed，quiet的副词形式为quietly；
8. 句意：这可能回答关于月球形成的问题。answer questions是固定搭配，情态动词may后接动词原形answer；
9. 句意：例如，它能解释月球远侧比近侧更厚的原因。for example是固定短语，意为“例如”；
10. 句意：……比我们从地球看到的它的光滑近侧更厚。此处指代月球的，用形容词性物主代词its。
【答案】
1. thought 2. plans 3. years 4. when 5. by 6. shows 7. quietly 8. answer 9. example 10. its
【知识点】
英语短文填空、词汇运用、固定搭配
【点评】
本题考查学生在具体语境中运用英语词汇的能力，需结合上下文语义和语法规则完成填空，涵盖时态、介词、副词等知识点，是基础的英语综合运用题型。
【难度系数】
0.5