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六、阅读理解。
主题群:历史、社会与文化 子主题:文化渊源 语篇类型:说明文 难度:★★
Every school day, we use schoolbags to carry all of our things. They are a big part of our lives. But have you ever thought about the history of schoolbags?
In the Han Dynasty(汉朝)，students in old-style private schools used bamboo boxes to carry books to school. People consider the bamboo boxes to be the earliest schoolbags. There were usually two or three layers(层) in a box. Kids put different things like books, brushes, ink stones(砚) and paper in the boxes.
Hundreds of years later, people developed a new kind of schoolbag called budai. Budai was lighter than the bamboo box. With the founding(成立) of the People's Republic of China, military rucksacks(帆布背包) became popular. Many people carried them when they were in school. Ask your grandparents or parents about these bags. Maybe they can tell you about their experiences of carrying them when they were in school.
A new kind of schoolbag has appeared in recent years. It has colourful and fashionable(时尚的) designs, such as pictures of cartoons or pop stars. And it is more comfortable to use. Some students pull wheeled bags filled with heavy textbooks and others carry backpacks.
Schoolbags are still changing. Can you imagine what future schoolbags will be like?
1. Schoolbags in the Han Dynasty were made of
A. bamboo B. cloth C. plastic D. wood
2. What does the underlined word "them" in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Bamboo boxes. B. Military rucksacks. C. Backpacks. D. Wheeled bags.
3. Which is not true according to the passage?
A. Military rucksacks were popular in the 1950s.
B. There are some pictures on the new kind of schoolbags.
C. Budai was heavier than the bamboo box.
D. Schoolbags have changed a lot.
4. The purpose of the passage is to
A. tell us how to use schoolbags B. introduce the development of schoolbags
C. introduce the importance of schoolbags D. explain why we use schoolbags
主题群:历史、社会与文化 子主题:文化渊源 语篇类型:说明文 难度:★★
Every school day, we use schoolbags to carry all of our things. They are a big part of our lives. But have you ever thought about the history of schoolbags?
In the Han Dynasty(汉朝)，students in old-style private schools used bamboo boxes to carry books to school. People consider the bamboo boxes to be the earliest schoolbags. There were usually two or three layers(层) in a box. Kids put different things like books, brushes, ink stones(砚) and paper in the boxes.
Hundreds of years later, people developed a new kind of schoolbag called budai. Budai was lighter than the bamboo box. With the founding(成立) of the People's Republic of China, military rucksacks(帆布背包) became popular. Many people carried them when they were in school. Ask your grandparents or parents about these bags. Maybe they can tell you about their experiences of carrying them when they were in school.
A new kind of schoolbag has appeared in recent years. It has colourful and fashionable(时尚的) designs, such as pictures of cartoons or pop stars. And it is more comfortable to use. Some students pull wheeled bags filled with heavy textbooks and others carry backpacks.
Schoolbags are still changing. Can you imagine what future schoolbags will be like?
1. Schoolbags in the Han Dynasty were made of
A
.A. bamboo B. cloth C. plastic D. wood
2. What does the underlined word "them" in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Bamboo boxes. B. Military rucksacks. C. Backpacks. D. Wheeled bags.
3. Which is not true according to the passage?
A. Military rucksacks were popular in the 1950s.
B. There are some pictures on the new kind of schoolbags.
C. Budai was heavier than the bamboo box.
D. Schoolbags have changed a lot.
4. The purpose of the passage is to
B
.A. tell us how to use schoolbags B. introduce the development of schoolbags
C. introduce the importance of schoolbags D. explain why we use schoolbags
答案
1. A 细节理解题。根据“In the Han Dynasty, students in old-style private schools used bamboo boxes to carry books to school.”可知，汉代的书包是用竹子做的。
2. B 代词指代题。根据“With the founding ... military rucksacks became popular. Many people carried them when they were in school.”可推知，代词them应是指前文的military rucksacks。
3. C 细节理解题。根据“Budai was lighter than the bamboo box.”可知，布袋比竹盒子重是错误的。
4. B 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了书包的历史和发展变化，故文章的目的是介绍书包的发展。
2. B 代词指代题。根据“With the founding ... military rucksacks became popular. Many people carried them when they were in school.”可推知，代词them应是指前文的military rucksacks。
3. C 细节理解题。根据“Budai was lighter than the bamboo box.”可知，布袋比竹盒子重是错误的。
4. B 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了书包的历史和发展变化，故文章的目的是介绍书包的发展。
解析
【分析】
本题是一篇介绍书包发展历史的说明文，包含细节理解、代词指代、推理判断三类题目。解题思路为：先通读全文把握主旨（介绍书包从汉代到现代的发展变化），再针对每道题回到原文定位关键信息，逐一比对选项与原文内容，选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据第二段“In the Han Dynasty, students in old-style private schools used bamboo boxes to carry books to school.”可知，汉代的书包是用竹子做的，对应选项A。
2. 第2题：第三段提到“With the founding of the People's Republic of China, military rucksacks became popular. Many people carried them when they were in school.”，此处them指代前文的military rucksacks，对应选项B。
3. 第3题：A选项，新中国成立于1949年，对应20世纪50年代，帆布背包在当时流行，表述正确；B选项，第四段提到新型书包有卡通等图片，表述正确；C选项，第三段明确说明“Budai was lighter than the bamboo box”，选项表述错误；D选项，全文体现书包一直在变化，表述正确，故选C。
4. 第4题：通读全文可知，文章按时间顺序介绍了书包从汉代到现代的发展变化，写作目的是介绍书包的发展，对应选项B。
【答案】
1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解、代词指代、推理判断）
【点评】
本题为说明文阅读理解，考查学生对文章细节信息、代词指代内容及主旨大意的理解，需学生具备快速定位原文、比对信息的能力，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题是一篇介绍书包发展历史的说明文，包含细节理解、代词指代、推理判断三类题目。解题思路为：先通读全文把握主旨（介绍书包从汉代到现代的发展变化），再针对每道题回到原文定位关键信息，逐一比对选项与原文内容，选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据第二段“In the Han Dynasty, students in old-style private schools used bamboo boxes to carry books to school.”可知，汉代的书包是用竹子做的，对应选项A。
2. 第2题：第三段提到“With the founding of the People's Republic of China, military rucksacks became popular. Many people carried them when they were in school.”，此处them指代前文的military rucksacks，对应选项B。
3. 第3题：A选项，新中国成立于1949年，对应20世纪50年代，帆布背包在当时流行，表述正确；B选项，第四段提到新型书包有卡通等图片，表述正确；C选项，第三段明确说明“Budai was lighter than the bamboo box”，选项表述错误；D选项，全文体现书包一直在变化，表述正确，故选C。
4. 第4题：通读全文可知，文章按时间顺序介绍了书包从汉代到现代的发展变化，写作目的是介绍书包的发展，对应选项B。
【答案】
1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解、代词指代、推理判断）
【点评】
本题为说明文阅读理解，考查学生对文章细节信息、代词指代内容及主旨大意的理解，需学生具备快速定位原文、比对信息的能力，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
