四、传统文化阅读理解。
Weiqi, also known as Go in English, is a black and white board game from ancient China. The game is considered one of the Four Arts for ancient Chinese literators(文人) to master. Besides Weiqi, they had to learn Chinese calligraphy(shu), painting(hua) and guqin playing(qin).
Weiqi has a history of over 4,000 years, even older than Chinese chess. According to some historical records, Weiqi was known as Yi in its early years. It is said to have been invented by Emperor Yao. Seeing that his son got angry easily and didn't like to study, the emperor was quite worried. So he decided to find something to educate his son, and a board game came to him.
The rules of Weiqi are simple: using black and white stones, two players take turns putting their stones on empty cross points of the board. The aim is to surround(包围) a larger total area on the board while stopping one's own stones from being taken by the other side. Stones do not move and are only taken off the board if they are completely surrounded.
The scene of two people playing Weiqi appears in many traditional Chinese paintings. The image(形象) of a player holding a stone over the board, looking for a place to put it, was later turned into a famous Chinese idiom(成语), which means "unsure about making a move". The idiom is still widely used today.
With its development, Weiqi grew more popular. Later, it spread to other Asian countries and Western countries. Today, it has become an international board game.
()1. What are the Four Arts mentioned in the passage?
①Weiqi. ②Painting. ③Chinese calligraphy. ④Guqin playing. ⑤Dancing.
A. ①②③④ B. ①②③⑤ C. ①②④⑤ D. ①③④⑤
()2. Why did Emperor Yao invent Weiqi according to Paragraph 2?
A. To have some fun. B. To teach himself.
C. To educate his son. D. To help his people.
()3. In which part of a newspaper can you probably read this passage?
A. Music. B. News. C. Movies. D. Culture.
()4. What is the best title for the passage?
A. History of Chinese chess B. Game of black and white
C. Beauty of Four Arts in China D. Development of Chinese idioms

1. A 【点拨】根据“Besides Weiqi, they had to learn Chinese calligraphy(shu), painting(hua) and guqin playing(qin).”可知琴棋书画被称为“四艺”。故选 A。
2. C 【点拨】根据“Seeing that his son got angry easily and didn't like to study, the emperor was quite worried. So he decided to find something to educate his son, and a board game came to him.”可知尧帝发明围棋是为了教育他的儿子。故选 C。
3. D 【点拨】本文主要介绍了围棋的历史、规则以及其在文化中的地位,属于文化类内容。故选 D。
4. B 【点拨】本文主要介绍了围棋的历史、规则以及其在文化中的地位,强调了围棋作为一种黑白棋类游戏的特点,所以选项 B“黑白游戏”作标题最合适。故选 B。

【分析】本题为英语传统文化阅读理解题，包含细节理解题与主旨大意题。解题思路：1. 通读全文把握核心内容（介绍围棋的历史、规则、文化地位等）；2. 针对每道题的题干关键词，回原文定位对应段落，比对原文信息与选项，排除错误选项得出答案；3. 主旨大意题需梳理全文核心话题，选择最贴合的标题。
【解析】1. 第1题：题干询问“四艺”内容，回原文第一段定位“Besides Weiqi, they had to learn Chinese calligraphy(shu), painting(hua) and guqin playing(qin).”，可知四艺为围棋、书法、绘画、古琴，对应序号①②③④，故选A。
2. 第2题：题干询问尧帝发明围棋的原因，回原文第二段定位“Seeing that his son got angry easily and didn't like to study, the emperor was quite worried. So he decided to find something to educate his son...”，可知目的是教育儿子，故选C。
3. 第3题：题干询问文章可能出自报纸的板块，文章围绕围棋（中国传统文化）展开，属于文化类内容，故选D。
4. 第4题：题干询问最佳标题，全文核心围绕围棋（黑白棋子的游戏）展开，B选项“Game of black and white”贴合核心；A选项讲中国象棋（不符）、C选项讲四艺（偏离）、D选项讲成语（片面），故选B。
【答案】A C D B
【知识点】英语阅读理解、传统文化常识、细节信息查找
【点评】本题选取中国传统文化围棋为阅读材料，考查学生的细节定位与主旨概括能力，题目设置基础，贴合初中英语阅读考查方向，兼具文化传播与能力训练的作用。
【难度系数】0.6