一、用括号内单词的适当形式填空。
1. My parents don't allow me (watch) TV for too long.
2. To learn English well, you have to spend some time (practice) it every day.
3. I saw some (Italian) eating Chongqing hotpot happily in the restaurant yesterday.
4. My mom always told me (not push) myself too hard.
5. When I managed (finish) a difficult task, I felt very excited.
6. Your advice made me (decide) to give it a go.
7. If I am free, I would like to get close to nature (relax).
8. If you are a beginner of running, here are my ______ (suggestion) for you to avoid getting hurt.
9. Learning to play three piano songs was a small but happy (achievement)
10. These new (knife) are better than the old ones—they cut quickly.
11. To stay warm, we should avoid (open) the windows on cold winter days.

1. to watch
2. practicing
3. Italians
4. not to push
5. to finish
6. decide
7. to relax
8. suggestions
9. achievement
10. knives
11. opening

本题考查八年级核心的固定搭配规则和名词词形变换，逐题解析如下：
1. 考查固定搭配allow sb. to do sth.，意为“允许某人做某事”，需使用动词不定式形式。
2. 考查固定搭配spend time doing sth.，意为“花费时间做某事”，需使用动名词形式。
3. 考查名词复数，Italian此处指代“意大利人”，限定词some后接可数名词复数，Italian的复数形式为Italians。
4. 考查固定搭配tell sb. not to do sth.，意为“告诉某人不要做某事”，需使用不定式的否定结构。
5. 考查固定搭配manage to do sth.，意为“设法成功完成某事”，需使用动词不定式形式。
6. 考查固定搭配make sb. do sth.，意为“让某人做某事”，make后接不带to的不定式，使用动词原形即可。
7. 考查不定式作目的状语，此处表示亲近自然的目的是放松，需使用动词不定式形式。
8. 考查名词复数，句中be动词为are，说明后面的名词要用复数形式，suggestion的复数变化直接加s，为suggestions。
9. 考查名词的数，空前有不定冠词a，后面接可数名词单数，直接填achievement即可。
10. 考查名词复数，指示代词these后接可数名词复数，knife的复数变化规则是把fe变为v再加es，即knives。
11. 考查固定搭配avoid doing sth.，意为“避免做某事”，需使用动名词形式。

1. I went back to Chongqing last week. (同义
句转换）
I Chongqing last week.
2. She goes hiking at the weekend to get some exercise. (对画线部分提问)
she go hiking at the weekend?
3. 遇到危险时，我们要先冷静下来再采取行动。(完成译句)
We should before taking action when we are in danger.
4. 面对困难，我们应该永不放弃。(完成译句)
We should never in the face of difficulties.
5. in, free, what, you, do, your, do, time (连词成句)
?

1. returned; to
2. Why; does
3. calm; down
4. give; up
5. What do you do in your free time?

1. 考查同义短语转换，go back to意为“返回”，同义短语为return to，原句时态为一般过去时，动词return要变为过去式returned。
2. 考查特殊疑问句，画线部分to get some exercise是动作的目的，对目的提问用疑问词Why；原句是一般现在时，主语she是第三人称单数，助动词用does。
3. 考查固定短语，“冷静下来”的英文表达为calm down，情态动词should后接动词原形。
4. 考查固定短语，“放弃”的英文表达为give up，情态动词should后接动词原形。
5. 考查连词成句，由问号和疑问词what可知要组成特殊疑问句，结构为“特殊疑问词+助动词+主语+谓语+时间状语”，组合后得到正确句子。

三、阅读理解。
One day, 50 people were listening to a report. The speaker was giving a report about happiness. However, after a few hours, people lost their attention. The speaker came up with an idea. He stopped his report and asked all of the people to join in a group activity.
He gave one balloon to each person in the room, and asked them to write his or her name on the balloon with a black pen. Then, all of the balloons were collected and moved
to another room.
And the speaker asked the 50 people to move to that room and find their own balloon. Everyone ran around, excitedly looking for their own balloon. People were tripping (绊倒) over each other. But even after looking for five minutes, no one could find their own balloon.
After seeing this, the speaker asked each person to collect a balloon and try to find the person whose name was on it. Everyone started talking to each other and asking each other for their names. Within a few minutes, everyone got his or her own balloon.
“Did you see what happened?” the speaker said. “The balloons are like the happiness we look for in our own lives. Everyone is busy looking for their own happiness, not caring what happens to others. But sometimes the best way to find happiness is to help others. Help them find happiness and you can find your own.”
()1. What did the speaker ask people to write on the balloons with a black pen?
A. Their favorite color.
B. Their own name.
C. A happy word.
D. The date.
()2. How many listeners found their balloons after looking for them for 5 minutes?
A. None.
B. Only a few.
C. Half of them.
D. All of them.
()3. What does the ballon refer to in the story?
A. The help that other people give us in life.
B. The problems that are difficult to work out.
C. The happiness that people are looking for.
D. The friends that are around us every day.
()4. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. Teamwork is very important in group activities.
B. A good speaker should make his report interesting.
C. It's hard to find your own balloon in a crowded room.
D. We can find happiness by helping others find theirs.

1. B
2. A
3. C
4. D

1. 细节理解题：根据文章第二段第一句“He gave one balloon to each person in the room, and asked them to write his or her name on the balloon with a black pen.”，可知演讲者让大家用黑笔在气球上写自己的名字，对应选项B。
2. 细节理解题：根据文章第三段最后一句“But even after looking for five minutes, no one could find their own balloon.”，可知五分钟后没有一个人找到自己的气球，none表示一个也没有，对应选项A。
3. 细节理解题：根据文章最后一段中“The balloons are like the happiness we look for in our own lives.”，可知故事里的气球指代的是人们在生活中追寻的幸福，对应选项C。
4. 主旨大意题：文章通过找气球的活动，最后点明核心道理：找到幸福的最好方式是帮助他人，帮助别人获得幸福的同时自己也能得到幸福，对应选项D。