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六、传统文化任务型阅读。（2025·江苏淮安·期中）
阅读短文，回答下列问题。
In China, writing brushes, inksticks, paper and inkstones are called the Four Treasures of Study.
The writing brushes can be used to draw pictures on painted pottery(陶器). They are mainly made of the hair of animals. Those made of wool are called yanghao and those made of the weasel's(黄鼬的) tail hair are called langhao.
The inkstick is the pigment(颜料) used in writing and painting. The inkstick produced in Huizhou is of high quality. A story goes like this: Two famous skilled men Xi Chao and his son produced a kind of high-quality inkstick. As a result, the emperor Li Yu in the Southern Tang Dynasty agreed to give them the family name "Li". From then on, the name of the Li Inkstick was widespread.
Paper is among the four great inventions in ancient China. The famous xuanzhi appeared in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. In Xuanzhou, Anhui Province, where the xuan zhi is produced, it's said that Cai Lun's pupil Kong Dan took the job of producing paper but failed to make perfect white paper. Later, he happened to see the ebony(黑檀) in the rivers. It was wet with water and turned white. Then he used the bark(树皮) to produce the world-famous xuanzhi.
The inkstone was already very popular in the Han Dynasty. The Ming and Qing Dynasties saw the appearance of the Four Famous Inkstones—Duan Inkstone, She Inkstone, Tao Inkstone and Chengni Inkstone. They can not only be used in writing and painting but also for admiration.
1. What are the writing brushes mainly made of?
2. Why did Xi Chao and his son get the family name from the emperor Li Yu?
3. Who was Kong Dan?
4. When did the Four Famous Inkstones appear?
5. What do you think of the Four Treasures of Study?
阅读短文，回答下列问题。
In China, writing brushes, inksticks, paper and inkstones are called the Four Treasures of Study.
The writing brushes can be used to draw pictures on painted pottery(陶器). They are mainly made of the hair of animals. Those made of wool are called yanghao and those made of the weasel's(黄鼬的) tail hair are called langhao.
The inkstick is the pigment(颜料) used in writing and painting. The inkstick produced in Huizhou is of high quality. A story goes like this: Two famous skilled men Xi Chao and his son produced a kind of high-quality inkstick. As a result, the emperor Li Yu in the Southern Tang Dynasty agreed to give them the family name "Li". From then on, the name of the Li Inkstick was widespread.
Paper is among the four great inventions in ancient China. The famous xuanzhi appeared in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. In Xuanzhou, Anhui Province, where the xuan zhi is produced, it's said that Cai Lun's pupil Kong Dan took the job of producing paper but failed to make perfect white paper. Later, he happened to see the ebony(黑檀) in the rivers. It was wet with water and turned white. Then he used the bark(树皮) to produce the world-famous xuanzhi.
The inkstone was already very popular in the Han Dynasty. The Ming and Qing Dynasties saw the appearance of the Four Famous Inkstones—Duan Inkstone, She Inkstone, Tao Inkstone and Chengni Inkstone. They can not only be used in writing and painting but also for admiration.
1. What are the writing brushes mainly made of?
The hair of animals.
2. Why did Xi Chao and his son get the family name from the emperor Li Yu?
Because they produced a kind of high-quality inkstick.
3. Who was Kong Dan?
Cai Lun's pupil.
4. When did the Four Famous Inkstones appear?
During the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
5. What do you think of the Four Treasures of Study?
They are useful.(答案不唯一)
答案
1. The hair of animals.
2. Because they produced a kind of high-quality inkstick.
3. Cai Lun's pupil.
4. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
5. They are useful.(答案不唯一)
2. Because they produced a kind of high-quality inkstick.
3. Cai Lun's pupil.
4. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
5. They are useful.(答案不唯一)
解析
【分析】做任务型阅读时，先通读问题明确核心关键词，再带着关键词回到原文定位对应段落，提取关键信息作答；第5题是开放题，需结合文章对文房四宝的描述，合理表达观点即可。
【解析】1. 定位关键词“writing brushes mainly made of”到原文第二段第二句“They are mainly made of the hair of animals.”，直接提取答案；2. 定位关键词“Xi Chao and his son”到第三段，原文提到二人制作了高质量的墨，因此获赐李姓，故答案为此；3. 定位关键词“Kong Dan”到第四段，原文明确说明他是蔡伦的学生；4. 定位关键词“Four Famous Inkstones”到第五段，原文指出明清时期出现四大名砚；5. 结合文章对文房四宝用途、文化价值的描述，可表达“它们有用”等合理观点。
【答案】1. The hair of animals.
2. Because they produced a kind of high-quality inkstick.
3. Cai Lun's pupil.
4. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
5. They are useful.(答案不唯一)
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节信息查找、开放型表达
【点评】本题以中国传统文化“文房四宝”为主题，既考查学生快速定位原文细节的能力，又涉及开放型观点表达，兼具语言考查与文化渗透的作用。
【难度系数】0.8
【解析】1. 定位关键词“writing brushes mainly made of”到原文第二段第二句“They are mainly made of the hair of animals.”，直接提取答案；2. 定位关键词“Xi Chao and his son”到第三段，原文提到二人制作了高质量的墨，因此获赐李姓，故答案为此；3. 定位关键词“Kong Dan”到第四段，原文明确说明他是蔡伦的学生；4. 定位关键词“Four Famous Inkstones”到第五段，原文指出明清时期出现四大名砚；5. 结合文章对文房四宝用途、文化价值的描述，可表达“它们有用”等合理观点。
【答案】1. The hair of animals.
2. Because they produced a kind of high-quality inkstick.
3. Cai Lun's pupil.
4. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
5. They are useful.(答案不唯一)
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节信息查找、开放型表达
【点评】本题以中国传统文化“文房四宝”为主题，既考查学生快速定位原文细节的能力，又涉及开放型观点表达，兼具语言考查与文化渗透的作用。
【难度系数】0.8
