一、根据汉语意思写单词。
1. A warm-hearted （人）is always ready to help people in need.
2. I followed my teacher's （足迹）and kept moving forward in my studies.
3. （之后）, I chose a beautiful scarf and left the shop with great joy.
4. My （姑婆）loved the traditional pattern on this bag and kept it for many years.
5. The soldier was a brave （斗士）who spent his whole life protecting his country.

1.person 2.footsteps 3.Later 4.great-aunt 5.fighter

【分析】
本题要求根据汉语意思填写合适的英语单词，解题思路为：先通读每个句子理解句意，再结合括号内的汉语提示，回忆对应的英语单词，同时注意单词的正确拼写、形式（如单复数、首字母大写等），最后匹配出符合语境的单词。
【解析】
1. 句意：热心的人总是乐于帮助有需要的人。“人”对应的英语单词是person；
2. 句意：我跟着老师的足迹在学习中不断前进。“足迹”常用复数形式footsteps；
3. 句意：之后，我选了一条漂亮的围巾，开心地离开了商店。“之后”位于句首，首字母需大写，对应Later；
4. 句意：我的姑婆喜欢这个包上的传统图案，保存了很多年。“姑婆”的英语表达是great-aunt；
5. 句意：这位士兵是一位勇敢的斗士，一生都在保卫国家。“斗士”对应的英语单词是fighter。
【答案】
1.person 2.footsteps 3.Later 4.great-aunt 5.fighter
【知识点】
英语单词拼写、根据汉语提示写单词
【点评】
本题考查基础英语词汇的掌握情况，题型简单，主要检验学生对常见词汇词义和拼写的记忆，是英语学习中常见的基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.2

二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
6. This street (name) after a national hero in 1949.
7. The brave soldier for his country, and he for ten years. (die)
8. Fear and laziness are our greatest (enemy) on the way to achieving dreams.
9. I (tell) the bad news as soon as I came back home.
10. The little boy fell over and his left arm was (bad) hurt just now.

6.was named 7.died;has been dead 8.enemies 9.was told 10.badly

【分析】
这五道题考查动词时态、语态、名词复数及词性转换的基础语法，解题时需先分析句子主被动关系，结合时间状语判断时态，同时注意短暂性动词与延续性动词的转换、词性的正确使用。第6题需判断被动语态及时态；第7题要区分短暂性动词与延续性动词的用法；第8题根据主语单复数确定名词形式；第9题需用一般过去时的被动语态；第10题需将形容词转换为副词修饰动词。
【解析】
6. 主语This street是动作name的承受者，需用被动语态；时间状语in 1949表过去，一般过去时被动语态结构为was/were + 过去分词，主语为单数，故填was named。
7. 第一空：die是短暂性动词，表过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，填died；第二空：由for ten years可知需用延续性表达，将die转换为be dead，现在完成时结构为has been + 形容词，主语he为单数，故填has been dead。
8. 主语Fear and laziness是两个并列概念，表复数含义，名词enemy的复数形式为enemies，故填enemies。
9. 主语I是动作tell的承受者，需用被动语态；从句用一般过去时（came），主句用一般过去时被动语态，故填was told。
10. 此处需用副词修饰动词hurt，形容词bad的副词形式是badly，意为“严重地”，故填badly。
【答案】
6. was named 7. died; has been dead 8. enemies 9. was told 10. badly
【知识点】
一般过去时的被动语态；现在完成时；名词复数；词性转换
【点评】
本题考查初中英语核心基础语法，涵盖被动语态、时态、名词及词性转换，需准确把握时间状语对应的时态规则和动词的主被动关系，其中短暂性动词转延续性动词是易错点，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.4

三、阅读理解。
①Lu Yonggen, known as a "commoner academician（布衣院士）", died of illness in Guangzhou on August 12th, 2019. The well-known crop genetics（作物遗传学）scientist gave his all to science, from his life savings to his own body.
②Lu was born in Hong Kong, China. After graduating from South China Agricultural Academy, he became a teacher there. Thirty years later, Lu served as the president of the academy, now South China Agricultural University. He helped encourage a large number of high-level students studying abroad to return and work in the motherland. Lu himself also worked hard in his field of rice genetics and made great achievements in rice genetics research.
③Although Lu was famous and successful, he lived a simple life. The desks and chairs in his house were in poor condition. As a scientist on crops, Lu cared about each grain（颗粒）of rice and always reminded students who wasted food of "how many rice plants will be needed to produce one bowl of rice".
④Lu made donations to support education and help for the poor every year. At the age of 89, he donated all his savings — worth about 8.8 million yuan to South China Agricultural University. When he was still alive, Lu also promised to donate his own body to support medical research and education after death.
⑤Lu was honoured as one of the ten persons who moved China in 2017. In November 2019, he was awarded the title of "Role Model of the Times".
() 11. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?
A. Lu was a teacher in a university.
B. Lu helped many students study abroad.
C. Lu served as a president for thirty years.
D. Lu worked hard to make money.
() 12. The writer introduces Lu's donations in Paragraph 4 to show his .
A. ability B. spirit C. wealth D. courage
() 13. What's the RIGHT structure of the passage?
A. ①②/③④/⑤ B. ①/②③④/⑤ C. ①/②③④⑤ D. ①②③④/⑤
() 14. What is the best title of the passage?
A. A Meaningful Life B. A Famous University
C. A Valuable Suggestion D. A Medical Study

11.A 12.B 13.B 14.A

【分析】
本题为人物传记类阅读理解，需结合原文细节、文章结构、主旨大意等逐一分析题目：
11题是细节理解题，需定位第二段原文内容，对比选项判断正误；
12题是推理判断题，需结合第四段捐赠行为的目的，推断体现的品质；
13题是文章结构题，需梳理各段落核心内容，划分逻辑层次；
14题是主旨大意题，需总结全文围绕陆院士的核心内容，确定最佳标题。
【解析】
11题：定位第二段，A选项对应“After graduating from South China Agricultural Academy, he became a teacher there”，表述正确；B选项是鼓励留学生回国而非帮助他们留学，错误；C选项是三十年后任校长而非担任三十年校长，错误；D选项未提及赚钱，错误，故选A。
12题：第四段讲述陆院士每年捐赠支持教育、帮助贫困，甚至捐赠全部积蓄和遗体，体现他的奉献精神，故选B。
13题：①段总起介绍陆院士去世及“布衣院士”身份；②③④段分述他的生平、简朴生活、捐赠等事迹；⑤段总结他获得的荣誉，结构为①/②③④/⑤，故选B。
14题：全文围绕陆院士的奉献、简朴、爱国等事迹，展现他有意义的一生，A选项符合主旨；B选项大学不是核心，C选项建议、D选项医学研究均偏离主旨，故选A。
【答案】
11.A 12.B 13.B 14.A
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解、主旨大意、文章结构）
【点评】
本题考查人物传记类阅读理解的核心题型，需学生精准定位原文、梳理文章逻辑、把握主旨，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.5