2026年通成学典课时作业本八年级英语上册译林版宿迁专版第155页答案
一、根据句意或句子的语法要求,用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. The teachers always warn us
to be
(be) careful on our way home.
2. [2025连云港模拟改编]As soon as he heard the little girl
crying
(cry) for help outside, he rushed out of the room.
3. He bought fifty balls for the kids,
including
(include) ten soccer balls and forty basketballs.
4. When playing in the hallways, students should avoid
pushing
(push) each other.
5. All the young soldiers are ready
to bleed
(bleed) for the country.
6. — Does your brother want to be a teacher? — No, he wants to be a
reporter
(report).

答案

1. to be 2. crying 3. including 4. pushing
5. to bleed 6. reporter

解析

【分析】
本题为用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空题,需结合固定搭配、非谓语动词、词性转换等语法知识解题。具体思路:1. 牢记warn的固定搭配;2. 依据hear的用法判断非谓语形式;3. 结合语境确定词性;4. 掌握avoid的固定搭配;5. 牢记be ready的固定搭配;6. 转换单词为对应职业的名词。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配warn sb to do sth意为“警告某人做某事”,故填to be;
2. 考查hear的用法,hear sb doing sth表示“听到某人正在做某事”,此处指听到小女孩正在呼救,故填crying;
3. 此处需介词表“包含”,including是介词,符合语境,故填including;
4. 固定搭配avoid doing sth意为“避免做某事”,故填pushing;
5. 固定搭配be ready to do sth意为“准备好做某事”,故填to bleed;
6. 此处需表示职业的名词,report的名词形式reporter意为“记者”,符合句意,故填reporter。
【答案】1. to be 2. crying 3. including 4. pushing 5. to bleed 6. reporter
【知识点】固定搭配、非谓语动词、词性转换
【点评】本题考查初中英语核心的固定搭配、非谓语动词用法及词性转换,题型常见,需学生熟练掌握相关短语和语法规则,难度适中,适合基础阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】0.5
(
C
)1. — I want to go to the tenth floor. Could you please help me
the button?
— No problem.

A.hurt
B.return
C.press
D.beat

答案

1. C

解析

【分析】本题为英语动词词义辨析题,需结合句子语境选择合适的动词。句子语境是说话人想去十楼,请求帮忙按电梯按钮,需匹配对应动作的动词,先明确各选项含义,再结合语境筛选。
【解析】先翻译句子:“——我想去十楼,你能帮我按一下按钮吗?——没问题。” 逐一分析选项:A选项hurt意为“伤害;使受伤”,不符合语境;B选项return意为“返回;归还”,不符合;C选项press意为“按;压”,“press the button”是固定搭配,意为“按按钮”,契合语境;D选项beat意为“打败;敲打”,不符合。因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】动词词义辨析
【点评】本题考查基础动词的词义区分,结合日常场景语境即可快速选出正确答案,属于英语基础题型。
【难度系数】0.8
(
B
)2. Pollution has harmed our lives in many different ways
.

A.so late
B.so far
C.as usual
D.as before

答案

2. B

解析

【分析】
这道题考查英语短语辨析及现在完成时的时间状语搭配。首先观察句子时态为现在完成时(has harmed),需选择符合该时态的时间相关短语;再结合各选项含义,匹配语境选出正确答案。
【解析】
句子使用现在完成时,需搭配表示“到目前为止”的时间状语。逐一分析选项:A选项so late意为“这么晚”,不符合语境;B选项so far意为“到目前为止”,可与现在完成时连用,契合句意;C选项as usual意为“像往常一样”,D选项as before意为“像以前一样”,均不符合句子时态和语境。因此选B。
【答案】
B
【知识点】
短语辨析;现在完成时
【点评】
本题考查常用短语的用法及现在完成时的时间状语,属于基础题型,需牢记常见短语含义及时态搭配规则。
【难度系数】
0.7
(
A
)3. When people saw the big fire, they all
to safe places.

A.ran away
B.put away
C.took away
D.gave away

答案

3. A

解析

【分析】首先理解句子语境:当人们看到大火时,他们都________到安全的地方。解题思路是先明确各选项动词短语的含义,再结合语境匹配最合适的短语。
【解析】第一步,翻译句子:当人们看到那场大火时,他们都跑到了安全的地方。第二步,辨析选项短语:A. ran away意为“逃跑,跑开”;B. put away意为“收起,放好”;C. took away意为“带走,拿走”;D. gave away意为“赠送,分发”。第三步,结合语境,看到大火应跑到安全处,因此选A。
【答案】A
【知识点】动词短语辨析
【点评】本题考查常见动词短语的词义辨析,需结合语境判断短语含义,属于基础题型。
【难度系数】0.3
(
D
)4. Could you tell me if it
tomorrow? If it
, we'll stay at home.

A.rains; rains
B.will rain; will rain
C.rains; will rain
D.will rain; rains

答案

4. D

解析

【分析】本题需区分两个if引导的从句类型,进而确定时态:第一个if意为“是否”,引导宾语从句,从句时间状语是tomorrow,需用一般将来时;第二个if意为“如果”,引导条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表将来。
【解析】第一个空,if引导宾语从句,表将来的时间状语tomorrow要求用一般将来时,故填will rain;第二个空,if引导条件状语从句,主句是一般将来时(we'll stay),从句用一般现在时,主语it是第三人称单数,故填rains。因此选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】宾语从句时态、条件状语从句时态
【点评】本题是初中英语基础时态题,核心考查if引导不同从句的时态规则,属于高频考点,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.7
(
B
)5. — Mr Brown, I spent all day working without a break.
You may go out for fresh air and have a rest.

A.No, it shouldn't.
B.All right.
C.I think so.
D.You're welcome.

答案

5. B

解析

【分析】首先通读对话,理解语境:前者告知布朗先生自己一整天工作未休息,后者需回应并给出建议。接下来逐一分析选项的含义与适用场景,排除不符合语境的选项,选出正确答案。
【解析】对话翻译:——布朗先生,我一整天都在工作,没有休息。——______ 你可以出去呼吸新鲜空气休息一下。选项A“No, it shouldn't.”意为“不,那不应该”,不符合语境;选项B“All right.”意为“好吧/行”,用于回应对方的情况并给出合理建议,契合语境;选项C“I think so.”意为“我也这么认为”,通常用于同意对方的观点,此处对方未提出观点,不适用;选项D“You're welcome.”意为“不客气”,用于回应感谢,与语境不符。因此正确答案为B。
【答案】B
【知识点】情景交际
【点评】本题考查日常情景交际用语,需结合对话语境辨析各选项的适用场景,属于基础题型,难度较低。
【难度系数】0.8
三、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
主题群:灾害防范 子主题:自然灾害 语篇类型:记叙文 难度:★★
Each year from June to October, there are floods in the small village of Bangladesh. Many students can't go to school. 1. ______ (lucky), they have the floating(漂浮的) school now. Rezwan is the founder(创立者) of the first floating school, Sangstha. He 2. ______ (start) the special school years ago. "3. ______ the children cannot come to school, then the school should go to them by boat," Rezwan said. The boat first works 4. ______ the school bus, picking up children in front of their houses. Then, the boat 5. ______ (stop) at a place, and school begins. The children have many 6. ______ (class) on the boat every day. "Our floating school is a school bus as well as a school house," Rezwan said. Anna Akter is 7. ______ 11-year-old student in the floating school. In the past, when the flood season came, it was difficult for her to get to school. It usually 8. ______ (take) her about two hours 9. ______ (walk) there. "Many of my classmates couldn't go to school because of the floods. We were really unhappy. And our parents were always 10. ______ (worry) about us. Now we can study and play together. I love the new school. It is beautiful."

答案

1. Luckily 2. started 3. If 4. as 5. stops
6. classes 7. an 8. took 9. to walk 10. worried

解析

【分析】
这是英语语法填空题,需结合短文语境、词汇变形规则、时态、固定搭配等知识解题。解题时先通读短文理解大意,再逐个分析空格考点:1. 需用副词修饰句子;2. 由时间状语确定时态;3. 根据句意判断连词;4. 回忆固定搭配;5. 注意主谓一致;6. 由限定词确定名词复数;7. 根据冠词用法选择;8. 由过去时间确定时态;9. 固定句型的不定式;10. 固定搭配的形容词形式。
【解析】
1. 空格处修饰整个句子,需用形容词lucky的副词形式Luckily,句首大写;2. 由时间状语years ago可知用一般过去时,动词start的过去式为started;3. 句意表条件“如果孩子不能来学校,学校就坐船去他们那里”,用If引导条件状语从句;4. 固定搭配work as表示“作为”,填as;5. 主语the boat是第三人称单数,一般现在时,动词stop变stops;6. 限定词many后接可数名词复数,class变classes;7. 11-year-old以元音音素开头,用不定冠词an;8. 由时间状语In the past可知用一般过去时,动词take的过去式为took;9. 固定句型it takes sb st to do sth,此处用不定式to walk;10. 固定搭配be worried about,填形容词worried。
【答案】
1. Luckily 2. started 3. If 4. as 5. stops 6. classes 7. an 8. took 9. to walk 10. worried
【知识点】
英语语法填空、一般过去时、固定搭配
【点评】
本题为英语语法填空题,围绕“漂浮学校”的记叙文展开,考查基础语法知识与词汇运用,难度适中,学生需结合语境和语法规则完成填空,贴近生活实际,易于理解。
【难度系数】
0.6