一、词汇运用。
A. 用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空,每词限用一次。
industry, speak, India, secretary, quarter
1. Jim's sister works as a in the company.
2. Within a of an hour, the coldness of the night had gone.
3. The of our country has developed a lot in recent years.
4. These are made to work twelve hours a day by their boss.
5. Chinese is getting more and more popular in the world. So Chinese are growing now.

1. secretary 2. quarter 3. industry 4. Indians 5. speakers

【分析】
首先明确方框内单词的词义与词性：industry（名词，工业）、speak（动词，说）、India（名词，印度）、secretary（名词，秘书）、quarter（名词，一刻钟；四分之一）。再结合每个句子的语境，判断所需单词的词性、单复数等形式：1. 句中“works as”后接职业名词，需选对应职业的词；2. 需结合固定搭配判断；3. “the”后接名词，结合语境选合适名词；4. “These”后接可数名词复数，需转换为对应复数形式；5. 结合句意确定表示“语言使用者”的名词复数形式。
【解析】
1. 句意：吉姆的姐姐在公司担任秘书。“work as”表示“担任”，后接职业名词，方框中secretary（秘书）符合语境，故填secretary。
2. 句意：一刻钟内，夜晚的寒冷就消失了。“a quarter of an hour”是固定短语，意为“一刻钟”，故填quarter。
3. 句意：我们国家的工业近年来发展了很多。“the”后接名词，方框中industry（工业）符合语境，故填industry。
4. 句意：这些印度人被老板要求每天工作12小时。“These”后接可数名词复数，India对应的表示人的复数形式是Indians（印度人），故填Indians。
5. 句意：汉语在世界上越来越受欢迎，所以说汉语的人现在越来越多。此处表示“说某种语言的人”，需用speaker的复数形式speakers，故填speakers。
【答案】
1. secretary 2. quarter 3. industry 4. Indians 5. speakers
【知识点】
词汇运用、名词的适当形式
【点评】
本题考查基础词汇在具体语境中的运用，需结合句意、固定搭配及名词单复数变化解题，注重对核心词汇的掌握，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6

B. 根据短文内容和所给中文提示写出相应单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。
An office manager was having some problems with his computer. It was old and slow. He couldn't get his goal 1. (实现) properly and on time. He decided to ask his company's IT expert to 2. (来) and take a look.
The expert took a look at it and said, "Your computer has a few 3. (类型) of viruses. But don't worry. I'm going to replace it 4. (用) a new computer. That should solve all of your problems 5. (包括) the viruses." "Wow, that sounds great. Let me know when it's ready! So I can hand in the work to the 6. (老板),"the manager replied. The next day, the IT expert came 7. (返回) to the office and showed the manager how to 8. (使用) it, as it had many new programs.
"I think you'll like this computer. You just learn how to use it 9. (合适地). But after you do, I think it'll cut your daily workload by about a half," the expert said. "Wow, that's great! Can I have two of them? Then my workload (工作量) will be 10. (零)" the manager replied.

1. achieved 2. come 3. types 4. with 5. including 6. boss 7. back 8. use 9. properly 10. zero

【分析】本题为根据中文提示填写单词的题目，需结合句子语法结构、固定搭配、词性变化等确定单词的正确形式。解题思路：先分析每个空格所在句子的语法结构，判断所需单词的词性；再结合中文提示回忆对应英语单词；最后根据句子的时态、语态、单复数、固定搭配等调整单词形式，确保符合语境要求。
【解析】1. 固定搭配get sth done表示“使某事被完成”，“实现”对应achieve，此处用过去分词形式achieved；2. 固定搭配ask sb to do sth，“来”对应动词原形come；3. a few后接可数名词复数，“类型”对应type，复数形式为types；4. 固定搭配replace sth with sth表示“用某物替换某物”，“用”对应介词with；5. “包括”对应介词including，在句中作状语；6. “老板”对应名词boss，用单数形式；7. 固定搭配come back表示“返回”，“返回”对应副词back；8. 固定搭配how to do sth，“使用”对应动词原形use；9. 修饰动词use需用副词，“合适地”对应副词properly；10. “零”对应名词zero，符合语境。
【答案】1. achieved 2. come 3. types 4. with 5. including 6. boss 7. back 8. use 9. properly 10. zero
【知识点】固定搭配、名词复数、副词用法
【点评】本题考查基础词汇的运用及常见固定搭配，侧重学生对词汇的掌握和语境的理解，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6

二、根据汉语意思完成句子。
1. 刚开始学英语时很困难。
English is difficult ______ ______ at the beginning.
2. 英语是联合国的工作语言之一。
English is one of the in the United Nations.
3. 我虽然不理解这些话, 但也知道他想要什么。
I didn't understand the words, I knew what he wanted.
4. 但是如果你努力坚持, 你就会有进步并且能发现许多学习的乐趣。
But if you keep trying, you can quickly and find a lot of fun in learning it.
5. 我想我已经成功不少了。
I think I've a lot.

1. to learn 2. working languages 3. Even though 4. make progress 5. achieved

【分析】
先理解每句汉语的核心含义，结合英语的固定表达、语法规则匹配填空：1. 需用“be difficult to do sth.”的固定句型；2. “one of”后接可数名词复数，对应“工作语言”的英文；3. 需填引导让步状语从句表“虽然”的连词；4. 对应“取得进步”的固定短语；5. 结合现在完成时结构填动词过去分词。
【解析】
1. 固定句型“主语+be+形容词+to do sth.”表示“做某事是…的”，此处“学英语”用不定式to learn，故填to learn；
2. “one of + 可数名词复数”是固定结构，意为“…之一”，“工作语言”的英文是working language，复数形式为working languages，故填working languages；
3. 引导让步状语从句表“虽然”的连词，Even though符合语境，故填Even though；
4. 固定短语“取得进步”是make progress，情态动词can后接动词原形，故填make progress；
5. 现在完成时结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，“成功”此处对应achieved，故填achieved。
【答案】
1. to learn 2. working languages 3. Even though 4. make progress 5. achieved
【知识点】
固定搭配、名词复数、让步状语从句
【点评】
本题为基础汉译英练习题，聚焦初中英语核心基础知识点，考察常用固定表达与语法结构，难度适中，适合巩固英语基础应用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6