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阅读理解
Charities are important. Not only because they can change people's lives, but also because they can change the world.
A charity is an organization that helps people or communities in need. A charity may raise money from common people, companies or governments. Charities usually work on certain areas such as healthcare,education,and disaster relief.
Charities provide services that are important to people in need: food banks provide food to hungry families; hospitals provide free basic care to low-income patients; animal charities save homeless pets from certain death and find them new homes... The list is endless. They help improve the lives of millions of people every day.
Charities are good for you too. Helping others is good for your health and well-being. Volunteering for charities makes you feel like you're making a difference and contributing, which in turn builds a sense of community and reduces loneliness. Volunteering for a charity can also help develop a sense of purpose, build friendships or improve social networks,and increase self-confidence.
Charities don't just help people. There are also many charities that protect the environment and conserve natural resources. The Nature Conservancy, for example, is a global conservation organization that works to preserve the lands and waters on which all life depends.
Charities play an important role in our society. They provide vital services to millions of people every day and play an important role in our economy.
(
A. People in need of help.
B. People working for charities.
C. People interested in charity work.
D. People planning to raise money.
(
A. What charities are.
B. How charities help people in need.
C. Why people give money to charities.
D. Where people find information about charities.
(
(
A. To ask people to learn more about The Nature Conservancy.
B. To show charities' responsibility for nature.
C. To call for people to help with voluntary work.
D. To explain the importance and roles of charities.
Charities are important. Not only because they can change people's lives, but also because they can change the world.
A charity is an organization that helps people or communities in need. A charity may raise money from common people, companies or governments. Charities usually work on certain areas such as healthcare,education,and disaster relief.
Charities provide services that are important to people in need: food banks provide food to hungry families; hospitals provide free basic care to low-income patients; animal charities save homeless pets from certain death and find them new homes... The list is endless. They help improve the lives of millions of people every day.
Charities are good for you too. Helping others is good for your health and well-being. Volunteering for charities makes you feel like you're making a difference and contributing, which in turn builds a sense of community and reduces loneliness. Volunteering for a charity can also help develop a sense of purpose, build friendships or improve social networks,and increase self-confidence.
Charities don't just help people. There are also many charities that protect the environment and conserve natural resources. The Nature Conservancy, for example, is a global conservation organization that works to preserve the lands and waters on which all life depends.
Charities play an important role in our society. They provide vital services to millions of people every day and play an important role in our economy.
(
C
)1. Who is this text written for?A. People in need of help.
B. People working for charities.
C. People interested in charity work.
D. People planning to raise money.
(
A
)2. [段落大意题]What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?A. What charities are.
B. How charities help people in need.
C. Why people give money to charities.
D. Where people find information about charities.
(
C
)3. Which picture best shows the structure of the text?(
D
)4. [写作意图题]Why did the writer write this text?A. To ask people to learn more about The Nature Conservancy.
B. To show charities' responsibility for nature.
C. To call for people to help with voluntary work.
D. To explain the importance and roles of charities.
答案
1.C 2.A 3.C 4.D
解析
【分析】
我们可以逐题梳理解题思路：
1. 第1题判断文章面向的读者：先通读全文，发现文章是面向普通大众科普慈善的相关知识，没有定向指向受助者、慈善从业者、计划筹款的人群，因此可以推导目标读者是对慈善相关内容感兴趣的群体。
2. 第2题概括第二段大意：直接定位第二段的核心开篇句，就能发现整段内容都是围绕慈善的定义展开补充，很容易匹配对应选项。
3. 第3题梳理文本结构：先把全文段落按功能分类，第一段总起点明慈善重要，中间2-5段分别从不同维度分述慈善的相关属性和作用，最后第六段总结慈善的社会价值，属于典型的总-分-总结构，对应匹配图示即可。
4. 第4题判断写作意图：结合全文的核心内容，作者没有单独侧重某一个细分方向，而是整体介绍慈善的价值和角色，就能选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 推理判断题：文章整体是科普慈善的相关常识，没有专门面向需要帮助的人、慈善从业者、计划筹款的人群，受众是想要了解慈善相关内容的感兴趣的读者，因此选C。
2. 段落大意题：第二段开篇直接给出慈善的定义，后续补充介绍了慈善的资金来源、常规工作领域，整段核心都是解释慈善是什么，因此选A。
3. 文章结构题：全文脉络为：第1段总起点明慈善十分重要；第2-5段分别从慈善的定义、慈善帮扶困难群体、慈善对参与者的益处、慈善在环保领域的作用四个维度并列展开分述；第6段总结，再次强调慈善在社会中的重要地位，属于总-分-总结构，完全对应选项C的图示。
4. 写作意图题：作者从开篇点明慈善的重要性，到中间多维度介绍慈善的各类作用，最后总结慈善的社会价值，核心目的就是向读者解释慈善的重要性以及它在社会中承担的各类角色，因此选D。
【答案】
1.C 2.A 3.C 4.D
【知识点】
阅读理解推理判断，段落大意概括，语篇结构分析
【点评】
本题属于中等难度的说明文阅读，覆盖了阅读理解高频考察的四类题型，既考察学生对局部段落的信息提取能力，也考察学生对整篇文本逻辑脉络的宏观梳理能力，能帮助学生建立从细节到整体的阅读思维，避免只盯着零散句子做题的误区。
【难度系数】
0.7
我们可以逐题梳理解题思路：
1. 第1题判断文章面向的读者：先通读全文，发现文章是面向普通大众科普慈善的相关知识，没有定向指向受助者、慈善从业者、计划筹款的人群，因此可以推导目标读者是对慈善相关内容感兴趣的群体。
2. 第2题概括第二段大意：直接定位第二段的核心开篇句，就能发现整段内容都是围绕慈善的定义展开补充，很容易匹配对应选项。
3. 第3题梳理文本结构：先把全文段落按功能分类，第一段总起点明慈善重要，中间2-5段分别从不同维度分述慈善的相关属性和作用，最后第六段总结慈善的社会价值，属于典型的总-分-总结构，对应匹配图示即可。
4. 第4题判断写作意图：结合全文的核心内容，作者没有单独侧重某一个细分方向，而是整体介绍慈善的价值和角色，就能选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 推理判断题：文章整体是科普慈善的相关常识，没有专门面向需要帮助的人、慈善从业者、计划筹款的人群，受众是想要了解慈善相关内容的感兴趣的读者，因此选C。
2. 段落大意题：第二段开篇直接给出慈善的定义，后续补充介绍了慈善的资金来源、常规工作领域，整段核心都是解释慈善是什么，因此选A。
3. 文章结构题：全文脉络为：第1段总起点明慈善十分重要；第2-5段分别从慈善的定义、慈善帮扶困难群体、慈善对参与者的益处、慈善在环保领域的作用四个维度并列展开分述；第6段总结，再次强调慈善在社会中的重要地位，属于总-分-总结构，完全对应选项C的图示。
4. 写作意图题：作者从开篇点明慈善的重要性，到中间多维度介绍慈善的各类作用，最后总结慈善的社会价值，核心目的就是向读者解释慈善的重要性以及它在社会中承担的各类角色，因此选D。
【答案】
1.C 2.A 3.C 4.D
【知识点】
阅读理解推理判断，段落大意概括，语篇结构分析
【点评】
本题属于中等难度的说明文阅读，覆盖了阅读理解高频考察的四类题型，既考察学生对局部段落的信息提取能力，也考察学生对整篇文本逻辑脉络的宏观梳理能力，能帮助学生建立从细节到整体的阅读思维，避免只盯着零散句子做题的误区。
【难度系数】
0.7
