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四、信息还原：请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项(六选五)
How Governments Protect the Environment: Great Actions
Governments play a big role in keeping our planet green. With smart rules and creative ideas, they can lead us to a healthier environment. Let’s look at some simple examples.
Curitiba, Brazil: Trash Becomes Useful
In Curitiba, the government started a “Trash for Food” program. People give recyclable things like plastic bottles or old paper to the city. 1 For example, 4 kilograms of trash gets 1 kilogram of food. This helps poor families eat better and cuts down on waste—about 290 tons less trash goes to landfills each month! 2 Now 75% of people take buses instead of cars, making the air cleaner.
Singapore: A Green City
Singapore’s government turned the small island into a green place. Since 1967, they’ve planted over 55,000 trees and made 330 parks. 3 Many buildings have gardens on their roofs or walls, which keep the air cool and save energy.
Sweden: Smart Trash Handling
Sweden’s government is good at dealing with trash. They almost never put trash in landfills. 4 Strict rules make factories clean their harmful gases, so only 1% of trash ends up in landfills.
5 By combining strict rules, innovative ideas, and public participation, cities like Curitiba, Singapore, and Sweden show us how to protect nature while improving people’s lives. Let’s hope more governments follow their lead!
A. The city also built special bus lanes, so buses don’t get stuck in traffic.
B. With these actions, our planet stays green.
C. Instead, they burn 49% of it in special plants to make electricity and heat for homes.
D. By 2030, everyone will live within a 10 - minute walk of a park.
E. In return, they get fresh vegetables or fruit.
F. These examples prove that government actions can make a big difference.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
How Governments Protect the Environment: Great Actions
Governments play a big role in keeping our planet green. With smart rules and creative ideas, they can lead us to a healthier environment. Let’s look at some simple examples.
Curitiba, Brazil: Trash Becomes Useful
In Curitiba, the government started a “Trash for Food” program. People give recyclable things like plastic bottles or old paper to the city. 1 For example, 4 kilograms of trash gets 1 kilogram of food. This helps poor families eat better and cuts down on waste—about 290 tons less trash goes to landfills each month! 2 Now 75% of people take buses instead of cars, making the air cleaner.
Singapore: A Green City
Singapore’s government turned the small island into a green place. Since 1967, they’ve planted over 55,000 trees and made 330 parks. 3 Many buildings have gardens on their roofs or walls, which keep the air cool and save energy.
Sweden: Smart Trash Handling
Sweden’s government is good at dealing with trash. They almost never put trash in landfills. 4 Strict rules make factories clean their harmful gases, so only 1% of trash ends up in landfills.
5 By combining strict rules, innovative ideas, and public participation, cities like Curitiba, Singapore, and Sweden show us how to protect nature while improving people’s lives. Let’s hope more governments follow their lead!
A. The city also built special bus lanes, so buses don’t get stuck in traffic.
B. With these actions, our planet stays green.
C. Instead, they burn 49% of it in special plants to make electricity and heat for homes.
D. By 2030, everyone will live within a 10 - minute walk of a park.
E. In return, they get fresh vegetables or fruit.
F. These examples prove that government actions can make a big difference.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
答案
1. E
2. A
3. D
4. C
5. F
2. A
3. D
4. C
5. F
解析
1. 空前介绍巴西库里蒂巴的“垃圾换食物”项目，说明人们上交可回收物，空后举例垃圾与食物的兑换比例，E选项“In return, they get fresh vegetables or fruit.”（作为回报，他们可以获得新鲜的蔬菜或水果）能自然承接上下文，体现项目的兑换规则。
2. 空后提及当地75%的人选择乘坐公交而非开车，A选项“The city also built special bus lanes, so buses don’t get stuck in traffic.”（这座城市还修建了专用公交道，这样公交车就不会陷入交通拥堵）是促使更多人选择公交的原因，衔接紧密。
3. 空前介绍新加坡自1967年以来的绿化举措：种植大量树木、建造公园，D选项“By 2030, everyone will live within a 10 - minute walk of a park.”（到2030年，每个人都将住在距离公园步行10分钟的范围内）承接公园建设的内容，符合语境逻辑。
4. 空前指出瑞典政府几乎不将垃圾送入填埋场，C选项“Instead, they burn 49% of it in special plants to make electricity and heat for homes.”（相反，他们将49%的垃圾在特殊工厂焚烧，为家庭提供电力和热能）介绍了垃圾的替代处理方式，与上下文呼应。
5. 空后总结政府结合规则、创新与公众参与的行动对环保和民生的作用，F选项“These examples prove that government actions can make a big difference.”（这些例子证明政府的行动能产生巨大影响）引出后文的总结内容，起到过渡作用。
2. 空后提及当地75%的人选择乘坐公交而非开车，A选项“The city also built special bus lanes, so buses don’t get stuck in traffic.”（这座城市还修建了专用公交道，这样公交车就不会陷入交通拥堵）是促使更多人选择公交的原因，衔接紧密。
3. 空前介绍新加坡自1967年以来的绿化举措：种植大量树木、建造公园，D选项“By 2030, everyone will live within a 10 - minute walk of a park.”（到2030年，每个人都将住在距离公园步行10分钟的范围内）承接公园建设的内容，符合语境逻辑。
4. 空前指出瑞典政府几乎不将垃圾送入填埋场，C选项“Instead, they burn 49% of it in special plants to make electricity and heat for homes.”（相反，他们将49%的垃圾在特殊工厂焚烧，为家庭提供电力和热能）介绍了垃圾的替代处理方式，与上下文呼应。
5. 空后总结政府结合规则、创新与公众参与的行动对环保和民生的作用，F选项“These examples prove that government actions can make a big difference.”（这些例子证明政府的行动能产生巨大影响）引出后文的总结内容，起到过渡作用。
五、首字母填空
City noise never stops. The World Health Organization says that loud noises like those from traffic or machines can be a very (1)h type of pollution. These noises not only disturb our (2)d lives but also damage our health. For example, long - term exposure to traffic noise can (3)c hearing loss and increase stress levels.
To deal (4)w this problem, we need strict rules and wise resource (5)m. Governments should make laws to control noise from factories and (6)b work. Individuals can also help by reducing unnecessary noise—like turning down music or using quieter appliances. By working together, we can (7)s protect our environment and health.
However, breaking the habit of ignoring noise pollution isn’t easy. It (8)r everyone’s effort. Students can start by (9)o “quiet days” at school, while families can plant trees around their homes to absorb noise. Remember: Every small action (10)c. Let’s not break the balance of nature with noise but learn to live in harmony with it.
City noise never stops. The World Health Organization says that loud noises like those from traffic or machines can be a very (1)h type of pollution. These noises not only disturb our (2)d lives but also damage our health. For example, long - term exposure to traffic noise can (3)c hearing loss and increase stress levels.
To deal (4)w this problem, we need strict rules and wise resource (5)m. Governments should make laws to control noise from factories and (6)b work. Individuals can also help by reducing unnecessary noise—like turning down music or using quieter appliances. By working together, we can (7)s protect our environment and health.
However, breaking the habit of ignoring noise pollution isn’t easy. It (8)r everyone’s effort. Students can start by (9)o “quiet days” at school, while families can plant trees around their homes to absorb noise. Remember: Every small action (10)c. Let’s not break the balance of nature with noise but learn to live in harmony with it.
答案
1. harmful
2. daily
3. cause
4. with
5. management
6. building
7. successfully
8. requires
9. organizing
10. counts
2. daily
3. cause
4. with
5. management
6. building
7. successfully
8. requires
9. organizing
10. counts
解析
1. 根据语境，噪音是一种有害的污染，结合首字母h，应填harmful（有害的）。
2. 此处指日常生活，固定表达daily lives，结合首字母d，填daily。
3. 长期暴露在噪音中会导致听力损失，cause表示“导致”，结合首字母c，填cause。
4. deal with是固定短语，意为“处理，应对”，结合首字母w，填with。
5. resource management意为“资源管理”，结合语境应对噪音问题需要合理的资源管理，首字母为m，填management。
6. 此处指建筑施工的噪音，building work表示“建筑施工”，结合首字母b，填building。
7. 需要副词修饰动词protect，successfully表示“成功地”，符合语境，结合首字母s，填successfully。
8. 句意为这需要每个人的努力，require表示“需要”，主语It是第三人称单数，谓语用requires，结合首字母r，填requires。
9. by是介词，后接动名词，organize表示“组织”，动名词形式为organizing，结合首字母o，填organizing。
10. 句意为每个小行动都很重要，count表示“有价值，重要”，主语是单数，谓语用counts，结合首字母c，填counts。
2. 此处指日常生活，固定表达daily lives，结合首字母d，填daily。
3. 长期暴露在噪音中会导致听力损失，cause表示“导致”，结合首字母c，填cause。
4. deal with是固定短语，意为“处理，应对”，结合首字母w，填with。
5. resource management意为“资源管理”，结合语境应对噪音问题需要合理的资源管理，首字母为m，填management。
6. 此处指建筑施工的噪音，building work表示“建筑施工”，结合首字母b，填building。
7. 需要副词修饰动词protect，successfully表示“成功地”，符合语境，结合首字母s，填successfully。
8. 句意为这需要每个人的努力，require表示“需要”，主语It是第三人称单数，谓语用requires，结合首字母r，填requires。
9. by是介词，后接动名词，organize表示“组织”，动名词形式为organizing，结合首字母o，填organizing。
10. 句意为每个小行动都很重要，count表示“有价值，重要”，主语是单数，谓语用counts，结合首字母c，填counts。
