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二、根据汉语提示完成短文
Among all great 1 (发明) in history, the airplane is one that truly changed how humans travel and connect. The story of its creators—the Wright brothers—shows how a simple idea can overcome big difficulties.
When Orville and Wilbur Wright were boys, they often watched birds fly high in the sky and drew 2 (图画) of their wings. They were curious about how to make humans fly too. Though they didn't get much formal 3 (教育), they read lots of books about science and spent hours studying 4 (自然的) wind and air movements.
Turning their idea into a real flying machine was a huge 5 (挑战). At first, their small models kept crashing, and making larger, stronger ones became 6 (昂贵的). But they never gave up. Their patience and hard work 7 (使印象深刻) everyone around them—even those who once laughed at their dream.
Finally, in 1903, the Wright brothers made 8. Their plane, the Wright Flyer, took its first successful powered 9 (飞行) in North Carolina. It lasted only 12 seconds and traveled just 36 metres, but it proved that humans could fly.
Today, airplanes have become part of daily life. They help spread knowledge, connect different cultures, and even carry medical help to save people's 10 (健康). The Wright brothers' story tells us:no idea is too small if you have the courage to chase it.
1.
6.
Among all great 1 (发明) in history, the airplane is one that truly changed how humans travel and connect. The story of its creators—the Wright brothers—shows how a simple idea can overcome big difficulties.
When Orville and Wilbur Wright were boys, they often watched birds fly high in the sky and drew 2 (图画) of their wings. They were curious about how to make humans fly too. Though they didn't get much formal 3 (教育), they read lots of books about science and spent hours studying 4 (自然的) wind and air movements.
Turning their idea into a real flying machine was a huge 5 (挑战). At first, their small models kept crashing, and making larger, stronger ones became 6 (昂贵的). But they never gave up. Their patience and hard work 7 (使印象深刻) everyone around them—even those who once laughed at their dream.
Finally, in 1903, the Wright brothers made 8. Their plane, the Wright Flyer, took its first successful powered 9 (飞行) in North Carolina. It lasted only 12 seconds and traveled just 36 metres, but it proved that humans could fly.
Today, airplanes have become part of daily life. They help spread knowledge, connect different cultures, and even carry medical help to save people's 10 (健康). The Wright brothers' story tells us:no idea is too small if you have the courage to chase it.
1.
inventions
2. pictures
3. education
4. natural
5. challenge
6.
expensive
7. impressed
8. history
9. flight
10. health
答案
1. inventions 2. pictures 3. education
4. natural 5. challenge 6. expensive
7. impressed 8. history 9. flight
10. health
4. natural 5. challenge 6. expensive
7. impressed 8. history 9. flight
10. health
解析
【分析】
要完成这道题，需先通读短文理解整体语境，再结合括号内的汉语提示，根据句子的语法结构（如名词单复数、形容词修饰名词、动词时态、固定搭配等）确定每个空的正确词汇形式。具体思路：1. 判断每个空在句中的成分，明确所需词性；2. 结合汉语提示写出对应词汇；3. 根据语法规则调整词汇形式（如复数、过去式等）；4. 验证是否符合语境和固定搭配。
【解析】
1. 空前有all（所有），后接可数名词复数，“发明”对应名词invention，复数形式为inventions；
2. 固定搭配draw pictures（画画），“图画”对应picture，用复数pictures；
3. 形容词formal（正式的）后接名词，“教育”对应不可数名词education；
4. 修饰名词wind（风）需用形容词，“自然的”对应natural；
5. 形容词huge（巨大的）后接名词，“挑战”对应challenge；
6. 系动词became（变得）后接形容词，“昂贵的”对应expensive；
7. 句子描述过去的动作，用一般过去时，“使印象深刻”对应动词impress的过去式impressed；
8. 固定短语make history（创造历史），填history；
9. 形容词powered（有动力的）后接名词，“飞行”对应flight；
10. 名词所有格people's后接名词，“健康”对应health。
【答案】
1. inventions 2. pictures 3. education 4. natural 5. challenge 6. expensive 7. impressed 8. history 9. flight 10. health
【知识点】
英语词汇运用、固定短语搭配、词性转换
【点评】
本题考查基础英语词汇及语法在语境中的运用，结合汉语提示填空，涉及词性变化和常用固定搭配，难度适中，适合学生巩固基础。
【难度系数】
0.8
要完成这道题，需先通读短文理解整体语境，再结合括号内的汉语提示，根据句子的语法结构（如名词单复数、形容词修饰名词、动词时态、固定搭配等）确定每个空的正确词汇形式。具体思路：1. 判断每个空在句中的成分，明确所需词性；2. 结合汉语提示写出对应词汇；3. 根据语法规则调整词汇形式（如复数、过去式等）；4. 验证是否符合语境和固定搭配。
【解析】
1. 空前有all（所有），后接可数名词复数，“发明”对应名词invention，复数形式为inventions；
2. 固定搭配draw pictures（画画），“图画”对应picture，用复数pictures；
3. 形容词formal（正式的）后接名词，“教育”对应不可数名词education；
4. 修饰名词wind（风）需用形容词，“自然的”对应natural；
5. 形容词huge（巨大的）后接名词，“挑战”对应challenge；
6. 系动词became（变得）后接形容词，“昂贵的”对应expensive；
7. 句子描述过去的动作，用一般过去时，“使印象深刻”对应动词impress的过去式impressed；
8. 固定短语make history（创造历史），填history；
9. 形容词powered（有动力的）后接名词，“飞行”对应flight；
10. 名词所有格people's后接名词，“健康”对应health。
【答案】
1. inventions 2. pictures 3. education 4. natural 5. challenge 6. expensive 7. impressed 8. history 9. flight 10. health
【知识点】
英语词汇运用、固定短语搭配、词性转换
【点评】
本题考查基础英语词汇及语法在语境中的运用，结合汉语提示填空，涉及词性变化和常用固定搭配，难度适中，适合学生巩固基础。
【难度系数】
0.8
三、阅读理解
A
On August 12, three teen inventors from No. 1 Middle School entered the final of the International Youth Science and Technology Competition, starting their eight-day journey in Tokyo, Japan.
| Inventor | Background & Experiences |
| --- | --- |
| Li Tao, 15 | He designed a solar-powered backpack in 2023 and won the city-level invention award. He stayed in the competition training camp for 28 days this time. |
| Wang Na, 14 | Her father is an engineer. She began
earning robot programming at the age of 8. This is her third time to take part in an international competition. |
| Zhang Wei, 16 | He enjoys making small inventions in his free time. For his project, he has prepared for 15 months and tested it over 50 times. |
During their stay in Tokyo, the three inventors experienced:
• The opening ceremony（仪式）of the competition on August 13.
• The invention display（展示）from August 14 to August 18.
• The award ceremony on August 19.
Tasks:
• Introducing their invention “Smart Garbage Sorting Bin” to the judges.
• Answering the judges' questions about the invention's design and function.
• Exchanging ideas with young inventors from other countries.
()1. How long did Li Tao stay in the competition training camp?
A. For 7 days.
B. For 8 days.
C. For 2 weeks.
D. For 4 weeks.
( )2. When did Wang Na begin learning robot programming?
A. At the age of 8.
B. At the age of 14.
C. At the age of 15.
D. At the age of 16.
()3. What can we know about Zhang Wei's project?
A. He tested it 5 times.
B. It won a city-level award.
C. It is a solar-powered backpack.
D. He prepared for it for over a year.
()4. What did the three inventors NOT do during the competition?
A. Display their inventions.
B. Take part in a robot show.
C. Talk with foreign inventors.
D. Attend the opening ceremony.
A
On August 12, three teen inventors from No. 1 Middle School entered the final of the International Youth Science and Technology Competition, starting their eight-day journey in Tokyo, Japan.
| Inventor | Background & Experiences |
| --- | --- |
| Li Tao, 15 | He designed a solar-powered backpack in 2023 and won the city-level invention award. He stayed in the competition training camp for 28 days this time. |
| Wang Na, 14 | Her father is an engineer. She began
earning robot programming at the age of 8. This is her third time to take part in an international competition. || Zhang Wei, 16 | He enjoys making small inventions in his free time. For his project, he has prepared for 15 months and tested it over 50 times. |
During their stay in Tokyo, the three inventors experienced:
• The opening ceremony（仪式）of the competition on August 13.
• The invention display（展示）from August 14 to August 18.
• The award ceremony on August 19.
Tasks:
• Introducing their invention “Smart Garbage Sorting Bin” to the judges.
• Answering the judges' questions about the invention's design and function.
• Exchanging ideas with young inventors from other countries.
()1. How long did Li Tao stay in the competition training camp?
A. For 7 days.
B. For 8 days.
C. For 2 weeks.
D. For 4 weeks.
( )2. When did Wang Na begin learning robot programming?
A. At the age of 8.
B. At the age of 14.
C. At the age of 15.
D. At the age of 16.
()3. What can we know about Zhang Wei's project?
A. He tested it 5 times.
B. It won a city-level award.
C. It is a solar-powered backpack.
D. He prepared for it for over a year.
()4. What did the three inventors NOT do during the competition?
A. Display their inventions.
B. Take part in a robot show.
C. Talk with foreign inventors.
D. Attend the opening ceremony.
答案
1.D 2.A 3.D 4.B
解析
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，所有题目均为细节理解题，解题核心是根据题干关键词快速定位原文对应信息，再对比选项选出答案。具体思路：第1题找Li Tao在训练营的时长，第2题找Wang Na学机器人编程的年龄，第3题找Zhang Wei项目的准备情况，第4题找竞赛期间未做的事，均通过原文定位匹配选项即可。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题。根据题干关键词“Li Tao”“stay in the competition training camp”，定位到原文Li Tao的背景：“He stayed in the competition training camp for 28 days this time.” 28天等于4周（28÷7=4），对应选项D，故选D。
2. 细节理解题。根据题干关键词“Wang Na”“begin learning robot programming”，定位到原文Wang Na的背景：“She began learning robot programming at the age of 8.” 直接对应选项A，故选A。
3. 细节理解题。根据题干关键词“Zhang Wei's project”，定位到原文Zhang Wei的背景：“For his project, he has prepared for 15 months and tested it over 50 times.” 15个月超过一年，对应选项D；A项测试次数错误，B、C项是Li Tao的相关信息，故选D。
4. 细节理解题（选非题）。根据题干关键词“NOT do during the competition”，定位到原文竞赛活动：开幕式、发明展示、颁奖仪式，以及与外国发明家交流，未提到机器人展览，故选B。
【答案】
1.D 2.A 3.D 4.B
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解题）
【点评】
本题围绕青少年科技竞赛展开，贴近学生生活，所有题目均为细节查找类，难度较低，主要考查学生快速定位原文信息的能力，适合初中阶段学生巩固练习。
【难度系数】
0.8
本题为英语阅读理解题，所有题目均为细节理解题，解题核心是根据题干关键词快速定位原文对应信息，再对比选项选出答案。具体思路：第1题找Li Tao在训练营的时长，第2题找Wang Na学机器人编程的年龄，第3题找Zhang Wei项目的准备情况，第4题找竞赛期间未做的事，均通过原文定位匹配选项即可。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题。根据题干关键词“Li Tao”“stay in the competition training camp”，定位到原文Li Tao的背景：“He stayed in the competition training camp for 28 days this time.” 28天等于4周（28÷7=4），对应选项D，故选D。
2. 细节理解题。根据题干关键词“Wang Na”“begin learning robot programming”，定位到原文Wang Na的背景：“She began learning robot programming at the age of 8.” 直接对应选项A，故选A。
3. 细节理解题。根据题干关键词“Zhang Wei's project”，定位到原文Zhang Wei的背景：“For his project, he has prepared for 15 months and tested it over 50 times.” 15个月超过一年，对应选项D；A项测试次数错误，B、C项是Li Tao的相关信息，故选D。
4. 细节理解题（选非题）。根据题干关键词“NOT do during the competition”，定位到原文竞赛活动：开幕式、发明展示、颁奖仪式，以及与外国发明家交流，未提到机器人展览，故选B。
【答案】
1.D 2.A 3.D 4.B
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解题）
【点评】
本题围绕青少年科技竞赛展开，贴近学生生活，所有题目均为细节查找类，难度较低，主要考查学生快速定位原文信息的能力，适合初中阶段学生巩固练习。
【难度系数】
0.8
