2025年勤学早课时导练八年级数学上册人教版第43页答案
1. 如图,$AB⊥AC$,$AB = AC$,$D是AB$上一点,$CE⊥CD$,$CE = CD$,连接$BE交AC于点F$。求证:$F是BE$的中点。

答案

证明:过点 $ E $ 作 $ EH \perp AC $ 于点 $ H $,
则 $ \angle EHC = \angle CAD = 90^{\circ} $,
$ \angle ECH = 90^{\circ} - \angle ACD = \angle ADC $.
又 $ \because CE = CD $,
$ \therefore \triangle ACD \cong \triangle HEC (AAS) $,
$ \therefore EH = CA = AB $.
$ \because \angle A = \angle EHF = 90^{\circ} $,
$ \angle AFB = \angle HFE $,
$ \therefore \triangle ABF \cong \triangle HEF (AAS) $,
$ \therefore EF = BF $,
$ \therefore F $ 是 $ BE $ 的中点.
2. 如图,$A$,$B$,$C$三点共线,$D$,$C$,$E$三点共线,$∠A = ∠DBC$,$EF⊥AC于点F$,$AE = BD$。
(1) 求证:$C是DE$的中点;
(2) 求证:$AB = 2CF$。

答案

证明:(1)过点 $ D $ 作 $ DG \perp AC $ 交 $ AC $ 的延长线于点 $ G $.
$ \because EF \perp AC $,
$ \therefore \angle AFE = \angle G = 90^{\circ} $.
$ \because \angle A = \angle DBG $, $ AE = BD $,
$ \therefore \triangle AEF \cong \triangle BDG $,
$ \therefore EF = DG $.
$ \because \angle G = \angle EFC = 90^{\circ} $,
$ \angle DCG = \angle FCE $,
$ \therefore \triangle DCG \cong \triangle ECF (AAS) $,
$ \therefore CD = CE $, $ \therefore C $ 是 $ DE $ 的中点;
(2)由(1)可知, $ AF = BG $, $ CF = CG $,
$ \therefore AB + BF = FG + BF $,
$ \therefore AB = FG = 2CF $.
3. 如图,在$Rt△ABC$中,$∠ACB = 90^{\circ}$,$∠CAB = 30^{\circ}$,$AE = AC$,$AB = AD$,$∠EAC = ∠BAD = 60^{\circ}$,$DE交AB于点F$。求证:$EF = FD$。

答案

证明:过点 $ E $ 作 $ EH // AD $ 交 $ AB $ 于点 $ H $.
$ \because \angle ACB = 90^{\circ} $, $ \angle CAB = 30^{\circ} $,
$ \therefore \angle EHA = \angle BAD = \angle ABC = 60^{\circ} $,
$ \angle EAH = \angle ACB = 90^{\circ} $, $ AE = AC $,
$ \therefore \triangle AEH \cong \triangle CAB (AAS) $,
$ \therefore EH = AB = AD $.
$ \because EH // AD $,
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