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Ⅲ. Translate the following Chinese into English.
1. 动物如何帮助我们？
2. 这份工作每天什么时候开始？
3. 这些山羊住在哪里呢？
4. 这些小牛为什么穿着夹克衫？
5. ——这些动物在哪里筑巢？
——在树上、灌木丛中或者地上。
1. 动物如何帮助我们？
How do animals help us?
2. 这份工作每天什么时候开始？
When does the work start every day?
3. 这些山羊住在哪里呢？
Where do these goats live?
4. 这些小牛为什么穿着夹克衫？
Why are the calves wearing jackets?
5. ——这些动物在哪里筑巢？
——在树上、灌木丛中或者地上。
—Where do the animals build their nests?
—In trees, bushes, or on the ground.
—In trees, bushes, or on the ground.
答案
1. How do animals help us?
2. When does the work start every day?
3. Where do these goats live?
4. Why are the calves wearing jackets?
5. —Where do the animals build their nests?
—In trees, bushes, or on the ground.
2. When does the work start every day?
3. Where do these goats live?
4. Why are the calves wearing jackets?
5. —Where do the animals build their nests?
—In trees, bushes, or on the ground.
解析
【分析】
本题为汉译英的特殊疑问句及答句翻译题，解题思路为：先确定每个句子对应的特殊疑问词，再根据中文句子的主语、时态（一般现在时为主，第4题用现在进行时表状态）调整英文句式，注意名词单复数、助动词搭配及常用短语的正确表达，最后匹配答句的英文表述。
【解析】
1. 特殊疑问词“如何”对应How，主语“动物”为animals，一般现在时的疑问句需借助助动词do，谓语“帮助”对应help，宾语“我们”对应us，组合为How do animals help us?
2. 特殊疑问词“什么时候”对应When，主语“这份工作”为the work（第三人称单数），一般现在时疑问句借助助动词does，谓语“开始”对应start，时间状语“每天”对应every day，组合为When does the work start every day?
3. 特殊疑问词“哪里”对应Where，主语“这些山羊”为these goats，一般现在时疑问句借助助动词do，谓语“住”对应live，组合为Where do these goats live?
4. 特殊疑问词“为什么”对应Why，主语“这些小牛”为these calves，“穿着夹克衫”表当前状态用现在进行时（be wearing），be动词用are，组合为Why are the calves wearing jackets?
5. 问句：特殊疑问词“哪里”对应Where，主语“这些动物”为these animals，一般现在时疑问句借助助动词do，谓语“筑巢”对应build，宾语“它们的巢”对应their nests；答句：“在树上、灌木丛中或者地上”对应In trees, bushes, or on the ground.
【答案】
1. How do animals help us?
2. When does the work start every day?
3. Where do these goats live?
4. Why are the calves wearing jackets?
5. —Where do the animals build their nests?
—In trees, bushes, or on the ground.
【知识点】汉译英、特殊疑问句翻译、时态应用
【点评】本题为基础汉译英练习，聚焦特殊疑问句的句式转换、常用词汇及短语的正确表达，考察学生对基础英文句式的掌握程度，属于日常英语学习的基础题型。
【难度系数】0.8
本题为汉译英的特殊疑问句及答句翻译题，解题思路为：先确定每个句子对应的特殊疑问词，再根据中文句子的主语、时态（一般现在时为主，第4题用现在进行时表状态）调整英文句式，注意名词单复数、助动词搭配及常用短语的正确表达，最后匹配答句的英文表述。
【解析】
1. 特殊疑问词“如何”对应How，主语“动物”为animals，一般现在时的疑问句需借助助动词do，谓语“帮助”对应help，宾语“我们”对应us，组合为How do animals help us?
2. 特殊疑问词“什么时候”对应When，主语“这份工作”为the work（第三人称单数），一般现在时疑问句借助助动词does，谓语“开始”对应start，时间状语“每天”对应every day，组合为When does the work start every day?
3. 特殊疑问词“哪里”对应Where，主语“这些山羊”为these goats，一般现在时疑问句借助助动词do，谓语“住”对应live，组合为Where do these goats live?
4. 特殊疑问词“为什么”对应Why，主语“这些小牛”为these calves，“穿着夹克衫”表当前状态用现在进行时（be wearing），be动词用are，组合为Why are the calves wearing jackets?
5. 问句：特殊疑问词“哪里”对应Where，主语“这些动物”为these animals，一般现在时疑问句借助助动词do，谓语“筑巢”对应build，宾语“它们的巢”对应their nests；答句：“在树上、灌木丛中或者地上”对应In trees, bushes, or on the ground.
【答案】
1. How do animals help us?
2. When does the work start every day?
3. Where do these goats live?
4. Why are the calves wearing jackets?
5. —Where do the animals build their nests?
—In trees, bushes, or on the ground.
【知识点】汉译英、特殊疑问句翻译、时态应用
【点评】本题为基础汉译英练习，聚焦特殊疑问句的句式转换、常用词汇及短语的正确表达，考察学生对基础英文句式的掌握程度，属于日常英语学习的基础题型。
【难度系数】0.8
Ⅳ. Read the passage and ask the questions based on the underlined phrases.
Li Lei is a student from Shanghai. He's now studying in the United states. He's living with an American family in Los Angeles.
Today is the Dragon Boat Festival. It's 9:00 a. m. in Shanghai and Li Lei's family are at home. His mother and aunt are making zongzi, Chinese rice dumplings. His father and uncle are watching the boat races on TV.
Well, it's 9:00 p. m. in New York, and it's the night before the festival. But there isn't a Dragon Boat Festival in the USA, so it's like any other night for Li Lei and his host family. The American mother is reading a story to her children. The father, John, is watching an American football game on TV.
What's Li Lei doing? He is talking with his mother in Shanghai by phone.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Li Lei is a student from Shanghai. He's now studying in the United states. He's living with an American family in Los Angeles.
Today is the Dragon Boat Festival. It's 9:00 a. m. in Shanghai and Li Lei's family are at home. His mother and aunt are making zongzi, Chinese rice dumplings. His father and uncle are watching the boat races on TV.
Well, it's 9:00 p. m. in New York, and it's the night before the festival. But there isn't a Dragon Boat Festival in the USA, so it's like any other night for Li Lei and his host family. The American mother is reading a story to her children. The father, John, is watching an American football game on TV.
What's Li Lei doing? He is talking with his mother in Shanghai by phone.
1.
Where is he studying now?
2.
What date is it today?
3.
What are his mother and aunt doing?
4.
How are his father and uncle watching the boat races?
5.
Who is the American mother reading a story to?
答案
1. Where is he studying now?
2. What date is it today?
3. What are his mother and aunt doing?
4. How are his father and uncle watching the boat races?
5. Who is the American mother reading a story to?
2. What date is it today?
3. What are his mother and aunt doing?
4. How are his father and uncle watching the boat races?
5. Who is the American mother reading a story to?
解析
【分析】本题要求针对短文中的划线短语提出合适的特殊疑问句，解题思路是：先定位每个划线短语的内容，明确其在句中充当的成分（地点、时间、动作、方式、人物等），再选择对应的疑问词（where/what/how/who等），最后结合原句的时态、语序组成正确的特殊疑问句，确保提问与划线部分匹配。
【解析】1. 划线短语“in the United States”表地点，用疑问词where提问，对应原句“He's now studying in the United States.”，组成问句“Where is he studying now?”；2. 划线短语“is the Dragon Boat Festival”表时间，用疑问词what date提问，对应原句“Today is the Dragon Boat Festival.”，组成问句“What date is it today?”；3. 划线短语“making zongzi, Chinese rice dumplings”表动作内容，用疑问词what提问，对应原句“His mother and aunt are making zongzi, Chinese rice dumplings.”，组成问句“What are his mother and aunt doing?”；4. 划线短语“on TV”表动作方式，用疑问词how提问，对应原句“His father and uncle are watching the boat races on TV.”，组成问句“How are his father and uncle watching the boat races?”；5. 划线短语“her children”表动作对象，用疑问词who提问，对应原句“The American mother is reading a story to her children.”，组成问句“Who is the American mother reading a story to?”。
【答案】1. Where is he studying now?
2. What date is it today?
3. What are his mother and aunt doing?
4. How are his father and uncle watching the boat races?
5. Who is the American mother reading a story to?
【知识点】特殊疑问句构成、对句子成分提问
【点评】本题考查英语中针对不同句子成分提问的特殊疑问句运用，是初中英语基础题型，需掌握常见疑问词的用法。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】1. 划线短语“in the United States”表地点，用疑问词where提问，对应原句“He's now studying in the United States.”，组成问句“Where is he studying now?”；2. 划线短语“is the Dragon Boat Festival”表时间，用疑问词what date提问，对应原句“Today is the Dragon Boat Festival.”，组成问句“What date is it today?”；3. 划线短语“making zongzi, Chinese rice dumplings”表动作内容，用疑问词what提问，对应原句“His mother and aunt are making zongzi, Chinese rice dumplings.”，组成问句“What are his mother and aunt doing?”；4. 划线短语“on TV”表动作方式，用疑问词how提问，对应原句“His father and uncle are watching the boat races on TV.”，组成问句“How are his father and uncle watching the boat races?”；5. 划线短语“her children”表动作对象，用疑问词who提问，对应原句“The American mother is reading a story to her children.”，组成问句“Who is the American mother reading a story to?”。
【答案】1. Where is he studying now?
2. What date is it today?
3. What are his mother and aunt doing?
4. How are his father and uncle watching the boat races?
5. Who is the American mother reading a story to?
【知识点】特殊疑问句构成、对句子成分提问
【点评】本题考查英语中针对不同句子成分提问的特殊疑问句运用，是初中英语基础题型，需掌握常见疑问词的用法。
【难度系数】0.6
