三、阅读理解
阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出一个与短文内容相符的最佳选项。
What comes to mind when you think of archaeologists? Are they as cool as the characters in some movies? Let's discover the world of archaeologists.
Finding places
Historical treasures are often hidden underground. To find the proper place for digging, archaeologists do surveys to search for signs of ancient sites. These signs may be things like broken pieces of ancient tools. It's hard work. They have to walk across the field in all kinds of weather. Besides, it requires much experience and professional knowledge to tell an ordinary rock from a stone tool.
Doing research
Archaeologists spend a lot of time in the lab studying the discoveries. Luckily, they are now closer to answering those mysteries than ever with the help of modern technology. The first thing they need to do is to find out the age of the things discovered. They also examine bones of humans or animals to find out the cause of their death and what they ate during their lifetime.
Repairing and cleaning
Ancient objects can be damaged in different ways. For example, bowls and cups are often in pieces, and metal tools are usually covered with rust (铁锈). Before repairing these objects, archaeologists use X-rays to look for damage. If the rust is harmful, they need to make it disappear and repair the object with something special. In this process, they have to be very patient and careful so as not to damage the value of the object.
Though the job can be physically tiring or requires working long hours in the lab, most archaeologists are proud of their work. It's their hard work that has brought the lost treasures back to life.
() 1. How does the writer start the passage?
A. By telling stories.
B. By offering ideas.
C. By giving examples.
D. By asking questions.
() 2. Why is it difficult to tell an ordinary rock from a stone tool for archaeologists?
A. Because they look exactly the same.
B. Because archaeologists are not well-trained.
C. Because it requires much experience and professional knowledge.
D. Because there are too many rocks and tools.
() 3. If the rust on metal tools is harmful, what should archaeologists do?
A. Make it disappear and repair the object.
B. Cover it with more rust.
C. Paint over it to make it look nice.
D. Leave it as it is.
() 4. Which of the following can best summarize the work of archaeologists?
A. Easy and interesting.
B. Tiring but meaningful.
C. Boring and harmful.
D. Simple and well-paid.
() 5. What does the passage mainly want to tell us about archaeologists?
A. They like watching the cool characters in movies.
B. Their work is only about digging treasures.
C. They work hard to discover and protect historical treasures.
D. They always work in the lab and don't go outdoors.

1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. C

【分析】这是一篇介绍考古学家工作的英语阅读理解题，共5道选择题，主要考查学生对文章细节的定位理解和主旨的归纳能力。解题思路为：先通读全文把握文章大意，再针对每道题的问题，精准定位到原文对应段落的相关语句，将选项与原文内容逐一比对，排除错误选项后选出最佳答案。
【解析】1. 第1题：原文第一段以两个问句“What comes to mind when you think of archaeologists? Are they as cool as the characters in some movies?”开篇，可知作者通过提问的方式引入话题，对应选项D。
2. 第2题：原文第二段最后一句明确提到“it requires much experience and professional knowledge to tell an ordinary rock from a stone tool”，说明区分普通岩石和石器难的原因是需要经验和专业知识，对应选项C。
3. 第3题：原文第四段指出“If the rust is harmful, they need to make it disappear and repair the object with something special”，即有害铁锈需让其消失并修复器物，对应选项A。
4. 第4题：原文最后一段提到考古工作“can be physically tiring”但“most archaeologists are proud of their work”，总结出工作累但有意义，对应选项B。
5. 第5题：全文围绕考古学家寻找、研究、修复历史珍宝的工作展开，体现他们努力发现和保护历史珍宝，对应选项C。
【答案】1.D 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.C
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解题、主旨大意题
【点评】本文是关于考古学家工作的说明文，题目以细节理解和主旨归纳为主，难度适中，学生只要能准确定位原文信息即可解答，能有效考查学生的英语阅读能力。
【难度系数】0.8