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三、词汇运用。共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分
根据首字母或汉语提示,写出下列句子中的单词。
31. We should never do anything that may cause h
32. He forgot his umbrella this morning, but l
33. She felt n
in public.
34. By following the traffic rules, he a
35. The student made a lot of mistakes in the maths exam because he was too c
the calculations.
36. The little boy
37. After the heavy rain stopped, the villagers were told they could return to their homes
38. She
39. Her
that beach myself.
40. His grandfather
根据首字母或汉语提示,写出下列句子中的单词。
31. We should never do anything that may cause h
harm
to animals or the environment.32. He forgot his umbrella this morning, but l
luckily
, his classmate shared one with him.33. She felt n
nervous
before the English speech contest because it was her first time speakingin public.
34. By following the traffic rules, he a
avoided
a car accident on his way to school.35. The student made a lot of mistakes in the maths exam because he was too c
careless
withthe calculations.
36. The little boy
threw
the rubbish into the dustbin and smiled at the cleaner.37. After the heavy rain stopped, the villagers were told they could return to their homes
safely
.38. She
pressed
the doorbell gently, and her grandmother opened the door soon after.39. Her
description
of the sunset over the sea was so beautiful that I couldn't wait to visitthat beach myself.
40. His grandfather
suffered
from a bad cold last week and had to stay in bed for days.答案
31. harm 32. luckily 33. nervous
34. avoided 35. careless 36. threw
37. safely 38. pressed 39. description
40. suffered
34. avoided 35. careless 36. threw
37. safely 38. pressed 39. description
40. suffered
解析
【分析】这类词汇运用题需结合句子语境、首字母或汉语提示，同时关注单词的词性、时态、固定搭配等语法规则。解题时先通读句子理解句意，再根据提示联想合适单词，最后验证单词形式是否符合句子语法要求。
【解析】
31. 句意：我们绝不能做任何可能对动物或环境造成伤害的事。固定搭配“cause harm to...”表示“对……造成伤害”，结合首字母h，故填harm。
32. 句意：他今早忘了带伞，但幸运的是，他的同学和他共用一把伞。此处需副词修饰整个句子，结合首字母l，故填luckily。
33. 句意：她在英语演讲比赛前感到紧张，因为这是她第一次公开演讲。feel后接形容词作表语，结合首字母n，故填nervous。
34. 句意：通过遵守交通规则，他在上学路上避免了一场车祸。句子描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，结合首字母a，故填avoided。
35. 句意：这个学生数学考试犯了很多错误，因为他计算时太粗心。be动词后接形容词作表语，结合首字母c，故填careless。
36. 句意：小男孩把垃圾扔进垃圾箱，然后对清洁工笑。and连接并列谓语，后面动词是过去式smiled，故此处用throw的过去式threw。
37. 句意：大雨停后，村民被告知可以安全回家。此处需副词修饰动词return，汉语提示为“安全地”，故填safely。
38. 句意：她轻轻按了门铃，奶奶很快就开了门。句子描述过去的动作，用一般过去时，结合语境，故填pressed。
39. 句意：她对海上日落的描述太美了，我迫不及待要去那个海滩。形容词性物主代词her后接名词，结合首字母d，故填description。
40. 句意：他爷爷上周患重感冒，得卧床几天。固定搭配“suffer from...”表示“遭受，患……病”，句子是过去时态，故填suffered。
【答案】31. harm 32. luckily 33. nervous 34. avoided 35. careless 36. threw 37. safely 38. pressed 39. description 40. suffered
【知识点】词汇运用、固定搭配、动词时态
【点评】本题为初中英语基础词汇运用题，考查核心词汇的拼写及在语境中的正确形式运用，涵盖副词、形容词、动词等词性，需学生掌握常用单词的用法和语法规则，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】
31. 句意：我们绝不能做任何可能对动物或环境造成伤害的事。固定搭配“cause harm to...”表示“对……造成伤害”，结合首字母h，故填harm。
32. 句意：他今早忘了带伞，但幸运的是，他的同学和他共用一把伞。此处需副词修饰整个句子，结合首字母l，故填luckily。
33. 句意：她在英语演讲比赛前感到紧张，因为这是她第一次公开演讲。feel后接形容词作表语，结合首字母n，故填nervous。
34. 句意：通过遵守交通规则，他在上学路上避免了一场车祸。句子描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，结合首字母a，故填avoided。
35. 句意：这个学生数学考试犯了很多错误，因为他计算时太粗心。be动词后接形容词作表语，结合首字母c，故填careless。
36. 句意：小男孩把垃圾扔进垃圾箱，然后对清洁工笑。and连接并列谓语，后面动词是过去式smiled，故此处用throw的过去式threw。
37. 句意：大雨停后，村民被告知可以安全回家。此处需副词修饰动词return，汉语提示为“安全地”，故填safely。
38. 句意：她轻轻按了门铃，奶奶很快就开了门。句子描述过去的动作，用一般过去时，结合语境，故填pressed。
39. 句意：她对海上日落的描述太美了，我迫不及待要去那个海滩。形容词性物主代词her后接名词，结合首字母d，故填description。
40. 句意：他爷爷上周患重感冒，得卧床几天。固定搭配“suffer from...”表示“遭受，患……病”，句子是过去时态，故填suffered。
【答案】31. harm 32. luckily 33. nervous 34. avoided 35. careless 36. threw 37. safely 38. pressed 39. description 40. suffered
【知识点】词汇运用、固定搭配、动词时态
【点评】本题为初中英语基础词汇运用题，考查核心词汇的拼写及在语境中的正确形式运用，涵盖副词、形容词、动词等词性，需学生掌握常用单词的用法和语法规则，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
