一、根据括号中的中文提示或句意,写出句中所缺单词,使句子通顺。
1. When we have dinner with the elderly, we should stand at the table (尊敬地) until they are seated first.
2. The film ______ (感动) me a lot. I cried from the beginning to the end.
3. We are lucky enough to live a (平静的) life in China.
4. We usually sit in a (圆圈) to make it easier to talk with each other.
5. The food Mum cooks for me is much (美味的) than that in the restaurant.
6. It's (失礼的) to talk loudly in public. You should keep your voice down.
7. It is said (拥抱) a big tree is a useful way to reduce stress.
8. Tom opened the back door (安静地) and went back to his seat.
1. When we have dinner with the elderly, we should stand at the table (尊敬地) until they are seated first.
2. The film ______ (感动) me a lot. I cried from the beginning to the end.
3. We are lucky enough to live a (平静的) life in China.
4. We usually sit in a (圆圈) to make it easier to talk with each other.
5. The food Mum cooks for me is much (美味的) than that in the restaurant.
6. It's (失礼的) to talk loudly in public. You should keep your voice down.
7. It is said (拥抱) a big tree is a useful way to reduce stress.
8. Tom opened the back door (安静地) and went back to his seat.
答案
1. respectfully
2. moved/touched
3. peaceful
4. circle
5. tastier
6. impolite
7. hugging
8. quietly
2. moved/touched
3. peaceful
4. circle
5. tastier
6. impolite
7. hugging
8. quietly
解析
【分析】
这道题是根据中文提示补全句子的单词拼写题,解题的核心思路是先判断空格处单词在句子中充当的成分,确定所需词性,再结合句子的时态、固定搭配、特殊语法标志(比如than提示比较级)等规则,把对应的中文提示转换成正确形式的英文单词,避免直接直译忽略词形变化的错误。比如看到修饰动词就优先考虑用副词,看到a后面接名词单数,看到than就要用形容词/副词的比较级,看到作主语的动词要改成动名词形式,一步步对应就能得出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 空格处修饰动词短语stand at the table,需要使用副词,中文“尊敬地”对应的英文副词为respectfully。
2. 后句的动词cried为一般过去时,说明“感动”这个动作发生在过去,需要填动词的过去式,moved和touched都可表示“使……感动”,二者均符合要求。
3. 空格处修饰名词life,需要填入形容词,中文“平静的”对应的形容词为peaceful。
4. 空格前有不定冠词a,后面需要接可数名词单数,中文“圆圈”对应的名词为circle。
5. 句中出现比较级的标志词than,说明此处要使用形容词的比较级,“美味的”对应的形容词tasty的比较级形式为tastier。
6. 本题符合固定句型It's + 形容词 + to do sth.,表示“做某事是……的”,中文“失礼的”对应的形容词为impolite。
7. 空格处在从句中作主语,动词作主语需要变为动名词形式,“拥抱”的动名词形式为hugging。
8. 空格处修饰动词opened,需要使用副词,中文“安静地”对应的副词为quietly。
【答案】
1. respectfully
2. moved/touched
3. peaceful
4. circle
5. tastier
6. impolite
7. hugging
8. quietly
【知识点】
汉译英单词拼写,词形变换,形容词比较级
【点评】
本题属于初中英语基础题型,既考察学生对课标要求的核心词汇的记忆能力,也顺带考察了词性判断、时态、非谓语动名词等基础语法点,易错点集中在第5题忘记把形容词变为比较级、第7题直接填动词原形hug,同学们解题时一定要先分析句子成分再确定词形,不要只照搬单词原形。
【难度系数】
0.8
这道题是根据中文提示补全句子的单词拼写题,解题的核心思路是先判断空格处单词在句子中充当的成分,确定所需词性,再结合句子的时态、固定搭配、特殊语法标志(比如than提示比较级)等规则,把对应的中文提示转换成正确形式的英文单词,避免直接直译忽略词形变化的错误。比如看到修饰动词就优先考虑用副词,看到a后面接名词单数,看到than就要用形容词/副词的比较级,看到作主语的动词要改成动名词形式,一步步对应就能得出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 空格处修饰动词短语stand at the table,需要使用副词,中文“尊敬地”对应的英文副词为respectfully。
2. 后句的动词cried为一般过去时,说明“感动”这个动作发生在过去,需要填动词的过去式,moved和touched都可表示“使……感动”,二者均符合要求。
3. 空格处修饰名词life,需要填入形容词,中文“平静的”对应的形容词为peaceful。
4. 空格前有不定冠词a,后面需要接可数名词单数,中文“圆圈”对应的名词为circle。
5. 句中出现比较级的标志词than,说明此处要使用形容词的比较级,“美味的”对应的形容词tasty的比较级形式为tastier。
6. 本题符合固定句型It's + 形容词 + to do sth.,表示“做某事是……的”,中文“失礼的”对应的形容词为impolite。
7. 空格处在从句中作主语,动词作主语需要变为动名词形式,“拥抱”的动名词形式为hugging。
8. 空格处修饰动词opened,需要使用副词,中文“安静地”对应的副词为quietly。
【答案】
1. respectfully
2. moved/touched
3. peaceful
4. circle
5. tastier
6. impolite
7. hugging
8. quietly
【知识点】
汉译英单词拼写,词形变换,形容词比较级
【点评】
本题属于初中英语基础题型,既考察学生对课标要求的核心词汇的记忆能力,也顺带考察了词性判断、时态、非谓语动名词等基础语法点,易错点集中在第5题忘记把形容词变为比较级、第7题直接填动词原形hug,同学们解题时一定要先分析句子成分再确定词形,不要只照搬单词原形。
【难度系数】
0.8
二、根据短文内容,用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空,使短文完整通顺。
Jonathan and Julianah are my good friends in school. One day during lunchtime, the three of us were enjoying fish ball noodles in the school dining hall.
Jonathan was eating his noodles 1
Looking at him surprisingly, Julianah and I felt uneasy. Julianah said to Jonathan, "Jonathan, can you please eat 3
"You should eat slowly," I said. "People will think that you are 4
Jonathan laughed and 5
I stood up and 7
From that day on, Jonathan never talks with his mouth 10
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Jonathan and Julianah are my good friends in school. One day during lunchtime, the three of us were enjoying fish ball noodles in the school dining hall.
Jonathan was eating his noodles 1
noisily
(noise). "These noodles are 2the tastiest
(taste) of all!" he said with his mouth full.Looking at him surprisingly, Julianah and I felt uneasy. Julianah said to Jonathan, "Jonathan, can you please eat 3
quietly
(quiet)?""You should eat slowly," I said. "People will think that you are 4
impolite
(polite) if you eat like that."Jonathan laughed and 5
shook
(shake) his head, saying, "I don't care about how others think. I like to eat like this!" Jonathan put a fish ball into his mouth while he 6was talking
(talk). Suddenly, he began to cough hard. Putting his hands around his throat, he tried to cry for help.I stood up and 7
hugged
(hug) him very tightly around his waist from behind. 8Luckily
(luck), the fish ball flew out. However, Jonathan was still coughing. He coughed so hard that tears 9were running
(run) down his face. "See," I told him, "this is why you should have good table manners." Julianah and I were glad that Jonathan was all right.From that day on, Jonathan never talks with his mouth 10
full
(fill) and he eats slowly and less noisily. He has learned his lesson.1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
答案
1. noisily
2. the tastiest
3. quietly
4. impolite
5. shook
6. was talking
7. hugged
8. Luckily
9. were running
10. full
2. the tastiest
3. quietly
4. impolite
5. shook
6. was talking
7. hugged
8. Luckily
9. were running
10. full
解析
【分析】
做这类词形变换的短文填空题,首先要先通读全文,明确整篇文章讲述的是过去发生的校园趣事,整体时态以一般过去时为核心基调。接下来逐个分析每个空格:先判断空格在句中的成分,若修饰动词就要把给出的名词/形容词变为副词;如果出现of all这类表范围的提示,就要用形容词最高级;并列连词and连接的谓语动词要保持时态一致;while引导的时间状语从句常搭配过去进行时;放在句首修饰整个句子的词要变为副词且首字母大写;还要结合上下文语义判断是否需要变为反义词,最后结合固定搭配规则完成剩余空格的变形,确保所有变形符合语法、语义通顺。
【解析】
1. 空格修饰前面的动词eating,需要将名词noise变为副词形式noisily,用来修饰吃面条的动作,意为“吵闹地”。
2. 空格后有范围标志of all,表示“在所有面条当中最可口的”,需要用形容词最高级,先将动词taste变为形容词tasty,再变形为最高级the tastiest。
3. 空格修饰动词eat,需要将形容词quiet变为副词quietly,意为“安静地”。
4. 根据前文Jonathan吃饭吵闹的行为,此处表达“别人会认为你不礼貌”,需要在polite前加否定前缀im-,变为反义词impolite。
5. 空格和并列连词and前面的laughed时态保持一致,都用一般过去时,shake的过去式为shook。
6. while引导时间状语从句,强调过去某个动作发生时另一个动作正在进行,主句为一般过去时,从句用过去进行时,主语是he,因此填was talking。
7. 空格和and前面的stood up时态保持一致,都用一般过去时,hug的过去式为hugged。
8. 空格放在句首修饰后面整个句子,要将名词luck变为副词Luckily,首字母大写,意为“幸运的是”。
9. 此处描述“他咳得太厉害,眼泪正顺着脸颊流下来”的过去正在发生的场景,tears是复数主语,过去进行时结构为were running。
10. 固定搭配with sth. full表示“某物是满的”,这里指代嘴里塞满食物,将动词fill变为形容词full。
【答案】
1. noisily 2. the tastiest 3. quietly 4. impolite 5. shook 6. was talking 7. hugged 8. Luckily 9. were running 10. full
【知识点】
词形转换,动词时态,形容词最高级
【点评】
本题结合生活化的小故事考察初中英语核心的词形变换知识点,既覆盖了副词修饰动词、最高级标志识别等基础语法考点,也设置了否定前缀变形、句首副词大写、while搭配过去进行时等易错细节,需要学生兼顾上下文语义逻辑和语法规则,能有效检验学生词法、句法的基础掌握程度。
【难度系数】
0.65
做这类词形变换的短文填空题,首先要先通读全文,明确整篇文章讲述的是过去发生的校园趣事,整体时态以一般过去时为核心基调。接下来逐个分析每个空格:先判断空格在句中的成分,若修饰动词就要把给出的名词/形容词变为副词;如果出现of all这类表范围的提示,就要用形容词最高级;并列连词and连接的谓语动词要保持时态一致;while引导的时间状语从句常搭配过去进行时;放在句首修饰整个句子的词要变为副词且首字母大写;还要结合上下文语义判断是否需要变为反义词,最后结合固定搭配规则完成剩余空格的变形,确保所有变形符合语法、语义通顺。
【解析】
1. 空格修饰前面的动词eating,需要将名词noise变为副词形式noisily,用来修饰吃面条的动作,意为“吵闹地”。
2. 空格后有范围标志of all,表示“在所有面条当中最可口的”,需要用形容词最高级,先将动词taste变为形容词tasty,再变形为最高级the tastiest。
3. 空格修饰动词eat,需要将形容词quiet变为副词quietly,意为“安静地”。
4. 根据前文Jonathan吃饭吵闹的行为,此处表达“别人会认为你不礼貌”,需要在polite前加否定前缀im-,变为反义词impolite。
5. 空格和并列连词and前面的laughed时态保持一致,都用一般过去时,shake的过去式为shook。
6. while引导时间状语从句,强调过去某个动作发生时另一个动作正在进行,主句为一般过去时,从句用过去进行时,主语是he,因此填was talking。
7. 空格和and前面的stood up时态保持一致,都用一般过去时,hug的过去式为hugged。
8. 空格放在句首修饰后面整个句子,要将名词luck变为副词Luckily,首字母大写,意为“幸运的是”。
9. 此处描述“他咳得太厉害,眼泪正顺着脸颊流下来”的过去正在发生的场景,tears是复数主语,过去进行时结构为were running。
10. 固定搭配with sth. full表示“某物是满的”,这里指代嘴里塞满食物,将动词fill变为形容词full。
【答案】
1. noisily 2. the tastiest 3. quietly 4. impolite 5. shook 6. was talking 7. hugged 8. Luckily 9. were running 10. full
【知识点】
词形转换,动词时态,形容词最高级
【点评】
本题结合生活化的小故事考察初中英语核心的词形变换知识点,既覆盖了副词修饰动词、最高级标志识别等基础语法考点,也设置了否定前缀变形、句首副词大写、while搭配过去进行时等易错细节,需要学生兼顾上下文语义逻辑和语法规则,能有效检验学生词法、句法的基础掌握程度。
【难度系数】
0.65
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