三、缺词填空
根据短文内容和首字母提示，在短文下方的横线处填入适当的词使短文完整。(每空一词)

(原创)A recent report shows that more and more college graduates(毕业生) in China are choosing to work in smaller towns and counties instead of big cities. This is a big change from p 1 years. In 2018, only 20% of fresh graduates worked in smaller places six months after graduation. In 2022, h 2 , this number went up to 25%.
The report pointed out many r 3 behind the change. Some graduates want to be c 4 to their families. Others dislike the stressful(压力大的) life in big cities. What's more, smaller towns and counties offer more jobs in the public sector.
The report showed that graduates who had left big cities were mostly satisfied with their c 5 . Nearly 60% of them stayed in their hometowns for at least five years. Their average pay went up from 4,640 yuan in 2018 to 5,377 yuan in 2022.
Most graduates in China u 6 to start their careers in big cities, but different factors have caused them to think again. Those include ever-growing competition for jobs and the r 7 cost of living in big cities. The government is also s 8 graduates to work in their hometowns. Suichang County in Zhejiang Province, for example, o 9 a big financial reward(奖金) to Master's degree holders if they go back to work there.
Yang Peng, 27, is one of many young people who moved back home. He studied abroad in Britain and got a Master's degree. In September 2022, he took a job in Shanghai but found it too stressful. After just two months, he r 10 to his hometown, Xiushui County in Jiangxi Province. "Life here is better," Yang said. "I can spend time with my parents and help with the family business."
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1. past 2. however 3. reasons 4. close/closer
5. conditions 6. used 7. rising 8. supporting
9. offers 10. returned

【分析】
做这类首字母提示的缺词填空，首先第一步要通读全文，抓住文章核心主题：本文介绍了中国越来越多应届毕业生选择回到县城就业的趋势，梳理整体行文逻辑。接下来逐空结合上下文语境、固定搭配、首字母提示，同时兼顾语法规则（名词单复数、时态、非谓语变形等）推导答案：遇到空格先看前后句的逻辑关系，比如转折、因果，再回忆对应首字母的常用词汇，最后填完所有词后通读全文，检查语义是否通顺、语法形式是否正确，避免出现词义对但形式错的问题。
【解析】
1. 句意为“这和过去几年相比是很大的变化”，past years是固定常用表达，意为“过去的年份”，符合首字母p提示，故填past。
2. 前文提到2018年仅有20%的应届毕业生毕业后6个月在小地方工作，后文说明2022年该占比上涨到25%，前后是转折关系，且空后有逗号隔开，符合however的用法，首字母h提示，故填however。
3. 句意为“报告指出了这一变化背后的诸多原因”，后文罗列了多个推动该变化的诱因，many后接可数名词复数，首字母r提示，故填reasons。
4. 固定搭配be close/closer to表示“离……近/更近”，符合部分毕业生想要离家人更近的语义，首字母c提示，故填close/closer。
5. 句意为“报告显示离开大城市的毕业生大多对自己的状况很满意”，后文提到薪资上涨、多数人在家乡留任至少五年，对应毕业生对自身处境条件满意，首字母c提示，故填conditions。
6. 固定搭配used to do sth. 表示“过去常常做某事”，符合“过去多数毕业生选择在大城市开启职业生涯”的语义，首字母u提示，故填used。
7. 句意为“这些因素包括大城市日益激烈的求职竞争和不断上涨的生活成本”，rising作定语修饰cost of living，意为“不断增长的”，首字母r提示，故填rising。
8. 句意为“政府也在支持毕业生回到家乡工作”，本句为现在进行时，结构为be+现在分词，support变为supporting，首字母s提示，故填supporting。
9. 句意为“比如浙江省遂昌县，如果硕士毕业生回乡工作，会给他们提供大额奖金”，主语是单数地名，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，offer变为offers，首字母o提示，故填offers。
10. 句意为“仅仅两个月后，他就回到了自己的家乡江西省修水县”，全文叙事为一般过去时，return的过去式为returned，首字母r提示，故填returned。
【答案】
1. past 2. however 3. reasons 4. close/closer 5. conditions 6. used 7. rising 8. supporting 9. offers 10. returned
【知识点】
首字母填空，固定搭配，时态辨析
【点评】
本题贴合当下社会热点，主题贴近青年择业的现实场景，考点覆盖连词、名词复数、常用固定短语、动词时态变形等初中英语核心知识点，既要求学生结合上下文逻辑推导词义，也要求学生注意语法形式的正确变形，能有效训练学生首字母填空的综合解题能力，规避“词义对但形式错”的常见失分问题。
【难度系数】
0.5