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在太空中工作的人
In July 1969, American astronaut Neil Armstrong became the first person to walk on the Moon. Now, humans are still discovering space. 1.
How do you become an astronaut? Lots of people want to be astronauts. In Europe, more than 22,000 people applied to join European Space Agency’s astronaut corps. There are a few requirements (需求) that people must meet to become an astronaut. 2.
3.
What is life like in space? Astronauts have lots of things to do when they’re in space. They need to carry out scientific experiments and maintain the spacecraft that they’re flying in. Being in space can have some bad influence on the human body, so astronauts must exercise for two hours a day to make sure they stay fit and healthy. In the next few years, space agencies plan to send humans back to the Moon. 5.
(素材来源: *The Week Junior*)
根据短文内容,从方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项是多余的。
A. How do astronauts prepare?
B. Where do most astronauts come from?
C. China has achieved lots of exciting things recently.
D. More surprisingly, they may even send humans to Mars.
E. They need to pass physical health tests and do fight training.
F. Helen Sharman was sent to do research on a space station.
G. During the flights, they practise work that they will do in space.
In July 1969, American astronaut Neil Armstrong became the first person to walk on the Moon. Now, humans are still discovering space. 1.
C
It has landed a spacecraft on the far side of the Moon and even taken fish to the Chinese space station to see how they get used to space.How do you become an astronaut? Lots of people want to be astronauts. In Europe, more than 22,000 people applied to join European Space Agency’s astronaut corps. There are a few requirements (需求) that people must meet to become an astronaut. 2.
E
It’s also helpful if, as well as speaking fluent English, they can speak a bit of Russian. This is because both English and Russian are used on the International Space Station (ISS) where, at the moment, most astronauts go to work. Astronauts usually have a university degree (学位) in a scientific subject such as biology, chemistry, engineering, maths, medicine or physics.3.
A
Astronauts go through lots of training before their first trip to space. In fact, they’ll train for three to four years. New members will learn all about space technology, medical skills and how the ISS works. America has a full size model of the ISS where its astronauts can train. New members also have to get used to the feeling of weightlessness. There is very little gravity (重力) in space, so astronauts float (飘浮) around in spacecraft or on stations like Mir and the ISS. Astronauts on the ISS usually spend between six months and a year in space, but the longest time someone has spent in space continuously is 437 days. Astronauts prepare for these trips by going on special aircraft flights (飞行) that recreate weightlessness. 4. G
So they can get used to it. These low-gravity conditions can also be recreated underwater, so new members often work in special pools.What is life like in space? Astronauts have lots of things to do when they’re in space. They need to carry out scientific experiments and maintain the spacecraft that they’re flying in. Being in space can have some bad influence on the human body, so astronauts must exercise for two hours a day to make sure they stay fit and healthy. In the next few years, space agencies plan to send humans back to the Moon. 5.
D
(素材来源: *The Week Junior*)
根据短文内容,从方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项是多余的。
A. How do astronauts prepare?
B. Where do most astronauts come from?
C. China has achieved lots of exciting things recently.
D. More surprisingly, they may even send humans to Mars.
E. They need to pass physical health tests and do fight training.
F. Helen Sharman was sent to do research on a space station.
G. During the flights, they practise work that they will do in space.
答案
1. C 由下文中“宇宙飞船在月球背面着陆，甚至把鱼带到中国空间站，观察它们是如何适应太空的”可知，上文对应表示：中国近来（在航天领域）取得了许多令人兴奋的成就。
2. E 上文提及“要成为一名航天员，人们必须满足一些要求”，下文对应表示：他们需要通过身体健康和体能测试。
3. A 通读第三段，且由“航天员在第一次进入太空前要进行大量训练”可知，本段以“航天员是如何准备的？”开头。
4. G 上文提及“航天员通过特殊的飞行来模拟失重状态，为太空之旅做准备”，下文对应表示：在飞行过程中，他们练习在太空中将要执行的任务。
5. D 上文提及“太空机构计划将人类再次送上月球”，下文对应表示：更令人惊奇的是，他们甚至可能把人类送往火星。
2. E 上文提及“要成为一名航天员，人们必须满足一些要求”，下文对应表示：他们需要通过身体健康和体能测试。
3. A 通读第三段，且由“航天员在第一次进入太空前要进行大量训练”可知，本段以“航天员是如何准备的？”开头。
4. G 上文提及“航天员通过特殊的飞行来模拟失重状态，为太空之旅做准备”，下文对应表示：在飞行过程中，他们练习在太空中将要执行的任务。
5. D 上文提及“太空机构计划将人类再次送上月球”，下文对应表示：更令人惊奇的是，他们甚至可能把人类送往火星。
解析
【分析】
这是一篇科普说明文类的阅读补全（七选五）题目，解题时首先通读全文，明确文章围绕“在太空工作的宇航员”这一核心主题展开，依次介绍了航天领域的相关成果、成为宇航员的准入要求、宇航员升空的准备过程、太空生活特点等内容。接下来逐空定位上下文线索：先匹配选项和空前后的话题一致性，再梳理句间的总分、承接、递进等逻辑关系，排除和上下文话题无关的多余干扰项，最终确定正确答案。
【解析】
1. 空后内容提到“将航天器降落在月球背面，甚至把鱼带到中国空间站观察它们如何适应太空”，这些都是中国近年的标志性航天成果，和C选项“中国最近已经取得了许多令人振奋的成就”话题完全匹配。
2. 空前句点明“要成为宇航员需要满足几项要求”，空后补充说明除流利英语外掌握一点俄语也有帮助，空缺内容属于宇航员准入要求的组成部分，E选项“他们需要通过身体健康测试并完成飞行训练”符合要求列举的行文逻辑。
3. 空后整段都在介绍宇航员升空前需要完成的数年训练、失重适应等相关准备工作，A选项“宇航员如何做准备？”作为段首设问，可以总领全段内容，逻辑通顺。
4. 空前句提到“宇航员会参与特殊的飞机飞行来模拟失重状态，为太空行程做准备”，空后说明“这样他们就能适应失重环境”，G选项“在这些飞行过程中，他们会练习自己在太空中将要完成的工作”，承接了“特殊飞行”的核心话题，顺畅衔接前后内容。
5. 空前句提到“未来几年航天机构计划将人类重新送上月球”，D选项“更令人惊喜的是，他们甚至可能将人类送往火星”，是对未来航天计划的递进延伸，符合行文逻辑。
【答案】
1. C 2. E 3. A 4. G 5. D
【知识点】
七选五阅读，语篇逻辑衔接，细节匹配
【点评】
本题选取航天热点相关的科普文本，整体行文脉络清晰，没有过于晦涩的专业内容，重点考查学生对段落主旨的把握能力、句间关联的梳理能力，解题时依托前后文的话题呼应就可以快速排除无关干扰项，对学生的语篇感知能力有较好的检测作用。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇科普说明文类的阅读补全（七选五）题目，解题时首先通读全文，明确文章围绕“在太空工作的宇航员”这一核心主题展开，依次介绍了航天领域的相关成果、成为宇航员的准入要求、宇航员升空的准备过程、太空生活特点等内容。接下来逐空定位上下文线索：先匹配选项和空前后的话题一致性，再梳理句间的总分、承接、递进等逻辑关系，排除和上下文话题无关的多余干扰项，最终确定正确答案。
【解析】
1. 空后内容提到“将航天器降落在月球背面，甚至把鱼带到中国空间站观察它们如何适应太空”，这些都是中国近年的标志性航天成果，和C选项“中国最近已经取得了许多令人振奋的成就”话题完全匹配。
2. 空前句点明“要成为宇航员需要满足几项要求”，空后补充说明除流利英语外掌握一点俄语也有帮助，空缺内容属于宇航员准入要求的组成部分，E选项“他们需要通过身体健康测试并完成飞行训练”符合要求列举的行文逻辑。
3. 空后整段都在介绍宇航员升空前需要完成的数年训练、失重适应等相关准备工作，A选项“宇航员如何做准备？”作为段首设问，可以总领全段内容，逻辑通顺。
4. 空前句提到“宇航员会参与特殊的飞机飞行来模拟失重状态，为太空行程做准备”，空后说明“这样他们就能适应失重环境”，G选项“在这些飞行过程中，他们会练习自己在太空中将要完成的工作”，承接了“特殊飞行”的核心话题，顺畅衔接前后内容。
5. 空前句提到“未来几年航天机构计划将人类重新送上月球”，D选项“更令人惊喜的是，他们甚至可能将人类送往火星”，是对未来航天计划的递进延伸，符合行文逻辑。
【答案】
1. C 2. E 3. A 4. G 5. D
【知识点】
七选五阅读，语篇逻辑衔接，细节匹配
【点评】
本题选取航天热点相关的科普文本，整体行文脉络清晰，没有过于晦涩的专业内容，重点考查学生对段落主旨的把握能力、句间关联的梳理能力，解题时依托前后文的话题呼应就可以快速排除无关干扰项，对学生的语篇感知能力有较好的检测作用。
【难度系数】
0.7
