一、根据句意和首字母提示补全单词
1. An e can shake the ground and make buildings fall down.
2. A t is a strong storm with very strong winds and heavy rain.
3. During a s , everything is covered with white snow and it's hard to go outside.
4. When there is a f , water covers areas that are usually dry.
5. A d means there is no rain for a long time, and plants and animals die.

1. earthquake 2. thunderstorm 3. snowstorm 4. flood 5. drought

【分析】
解题思路：先通读每个句子，理解句子描述的灾害场景，再结合给出的首字母提示，回忆对应的英语词汇，匹配出符合句意的单词。每道题先抓句子中的关键描述（如“shake the ground”“strong storm with very strong winds and heavy rain”等），再匹配首字母对应的正确词汇。
【解析】
1. 句意描述能震动地面、使建筑倒塌的灾害，首字母为e，对应单词earthquake（地震）；
2. 句意描述带有强风、暴雨的强风暴，首字母为t，对应单词thunderstorm（雷暴/大风暴）；
3. 句意描述被白雪覆盖、难以外出的天气灾害，首字母为s，对应单词snowstorm（暴风雪）；
4. 句意描述水覆盖平时干燥区域的灾害，首字母为f，对应单词flood（洪水）；
5. 句意描述长时间无雨、动植物死亡的灾害，首字母为d，对应单词drought（干旱）。
【答案】
1. earthquake 2. thunderstorm 3. snowstorm 4. flood 5. drought
【知识点】
英语词汇（自然灾害类）、根据首字母与句意填词
【点评】
本题考查常见自然灾害类核心名词的运用，需结合句意和首字母提示匹配词汇，属于基础词汇考查题，平时积累相关词汇即可轻松作答。
【难度系数】
0.3

二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. How can a hobby (improve) your life?
2. You may (add) more ways.
3. When work or school is over, what do you do (pass) the time?
4. Do you spend time on (hobby) you love?
5. Reading or listening to music can help us (calm) down after a busy day.
6. Playing tennis or doing yoga can help us (keep) fit.
7. Some hobbies are (create).
8. People sometimes paint pictures (remember) a beautiful landscape.
9. He doesn't make art or (write) stories.
10. He thinks that apps can be a great way (help) people.

1. improve 2. add 3. to pass 4. hobbies 5. (to) calm 6. (to) keep 7. creative 8. to remember 9. write 10. to help

【分析】
本题为英语词形填空题，解题时需先分析每个空格在句中的成分，再结合对应语法规则（如情态动词用法、不定式功能、名词的数、形容词作表语、并列结构、固定搭配等）确定单词的适当形式，最终匹配正确答案。
【解析】
1. 情态动词can后需接动词原形，故填improve；
2. 情态动词may后接动词原形，故填add；
3. 此处用不定式作目的状语，表“为了打发时间”，故填to pass；
4. hobby是可数名词，此处指“你喜欢的爱好”，应用复数形式hobbies；
5. 固定搭配help sb (to) do sth，不定式可省略to，故填(to) calm；
6. 同help的用法，help sb (to) do sth，故填(to) keep；
7. 系动词are后需接形容词作表语，create的形容词形式为creative，故填creative；
8. 此处用不定式作目的状语，表“为了记住美丽的风景”，故填to remember；
9. 并列连词or连接两个并列谓语动词，前面是原形make，故此处用原形write；
10. 固定搭配a way to do sth，表“做某事的方法”，故填to help。
【答案】
1. improve 2. add 3. to pass 4. hobbies 5. (to) calm 6. (to) keep 7. creative 8. to remember 9. write 10. to help
【知识点】
情态动词用法、非谓语动词（不定式）、名词的数
【点评】
本题为英语基础词形填空题，考查初中核心语法点，涵盖情态动词、不定式、名词复数、形容词作表语、并列结构及固定搭配，是巩固英语基础的典型题型，熟练掌握相关规则即可解答。
【难度系数】
0.3

三、补全对话
A: Hello, Li Ming. What's your plan for this summer holiday?
B: I have no idea. 1. ?
A: I'll take part in a social activity with my sister.
B: It sounds exciting. 2. ?
A: No. But I have been a volunteer in a poor village. The children there don't have money to buy books.
B: 3. ?
A: Yes. I bought them 30 books with my pocket money.
B: What else did you do there?
A: 4. . And now we are good friends.
B: Wow! 5. ! I'd like to join you.
A: Great! I'm sure we'll have a meaningful holiday.

1. What about you/Do you have any plans
2. Have you ever done this kind of activity before
3. Did you buy books for them
4. I told them stories/I taught them English/I played games with them
5. It's so meaningful/That's great

【分析】
补全对话需结合上下文的问答逻辑，明确每处空缺的语境需求：1处B表示自己暑假计划未知，询问A的计划；2处A提及曾在贫困村做志愿者，B询问是否之前做过同类活动；3处A说用零花钱给孩子买了书，B确认是否为孩子买书；4处A回答还做了其他志愿活动，需填写符合志愿内容的行为；5处B对A的经历表示赞赏，表达想加入的意愿。
【解析】
1. 根据上文B询问A的暑假计划，此处应问A的安排，故填What about you/Do you have any plans；
2. 根据下文A提到曾做过志愿者，此处应问是否之前做过这类活动，故填Have you ever done this kind of activity before；
3. 根据下文A说买了30本书，此处应确认是否为孩子买书，故填Did you buy books for them；
4. 根据上文问还做了什么，需填写与孩子互动的志愿活动，故填I told them stories/I taught them English/I played games with them；
5. 根据下文B想加入，此处应表达对活动的赞赏，故填It's so meaningful/That's great。
【答案】
1. What about you/Do you have any plans 2. Have you ever done this kind of activity before 3. Did you buy books for them 4. I told them stories/I taught them English/I played games with them 5. It's so meaningful/That's great
【知识点】
补全对话、日常交际用语、情景对话
【点评】
本题为日常情景对话补全题，考查学生对英语日常交际用语的掌握，需结合上下文语境推理空缺内容，难度适中，学生熟悉基础交流表达即可完成。
【难度系数】
0.6