五、语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

体裁:说明文 主题:城市 难度:★★★★ 建议用时:7 min 正确率: /10
Xi'an is the capital city of Shaanxi Province. It 1 (lie) in the north of China. The city's early history is often connected with Liu Bang, who started the Han dynasty and made Xi'an his capital. He gave it the name Chang'an. During the Tang dynasty, Xi'an achieved its great 2 (important). Korea and Japan followed Xi'an's example in 3 (build) their ancient capitals.
Many things from ancient times can still be found in Xi'an today. The city wall—one of the few city walls still left in China—is a good example. It goes around 4 city and is an important cultural site. In central Xi'an there is the Bell Tower—the 5 (large) bell tower remaining in China. The bell was first designed as an emergency alarm(警钟) to warn of danger, 6 it was very often used to tell people the time.
While Xi'an is a city 7 a long history, it is also very much a part of the modern world. It is best 8 (know) as a center for software(软件) research,development and services. 9 (historical), Xi'an has always been a city of art, industry and business. Xi'an is a city always remaking 10 (it) and looking forward,all the while keeping the best of the past.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
体裁:说明文 主题:城市 难度:★★★★ 建议用时:7 min 正确率: /10
Xi'an is the capital city of Shaanxi Province. It 1 (lie) in the north of China. The city's early history is often connected with Liu Bang, who started the Han dynasty and made Xi'an his capital. He gave it the name Chang'an. During the Tang dynasty, Xi'an achieved its great 2 (important). Korea and Japan followed Xi'an's example in 3 (build) their ancient capitals.
Many things from ancient times can still be found in Xi'an today. The city wall—one of the few city walls still left in China—is a good example. It goes around 4 city and is an important cultural site. In central Xi'an there is the Bell Tower—the 5 (large) bell tower remaining in China. The bell was first designed as an emergency alarm(警钟) to warn of danger, 6 it was very often used to tell people the time.
While Xi'an is a city 7 a long history, it is also very much a part of the modern world. It is best 8 (know) as a center for software(软件) research,development and services. 9 (historical), Xi'an has always been a city of art, industry and business. Xi'an is a city always remaking 10 (it) and looking forward,all the while keeping the best of the past.
1.
lies
2.
importance
3.
building
4.
the
5.
largest
6.
but
7.
with
8.
known
9.
Historically
10.
itself
答案
五、【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了中国的城市西安。
1. lies 根据语境“It 1 (lie) in the north of China.”可知,西安位于中国北方。主语是 It,第三人称单数,描述事实要用一般现在时,故填 lies。
2. importance 空格前有形容词“great”,形容词修饰名词,故填 importance。
3. building in 为介词,后接动词的动名词形式,故填 building。
4. the 根据语境“It goes around 4 city and is an important cultural site.”可推知,城墙环绕着西安城,空格后面是名词单数“city”,此处特指西安城,要用定冠词,故填 the。
5. largest the 后接形容词最高级,largest 表示“最大的”,故填 largest。
6. but 根据语境“The bell was first designed as an emergency alarm to warn of danger, 6 it was very often used to tell people the time.”可推知,钟最初是作为警钟来警告危险的,但它经常被用来告诉人们时间。空格前后呈转折关系,用 but 连接,故填 but。
7. with 根据语境“While Xi’an is a city 7 a long history”可知,此处指西安是有着悠久历史的城市,介词 with 表示“具有”,故填 with。
8. known 根据语境“It is best 8 (know) as a center for software research, development and services.”可推知,西安作为软件研发和服务的中心而闻名。形容词短语 be known as 表示“作为……而闻名”,故填 known。
9. Historically 根据语境“ 9 (historical), Xi’an has always been a city of art, industry and business.”可推知,设空处需要修饰整个句子,因此要填入副词,表示“从历史上看,西安一直是一座艺术、工业和商业之都”,设空处位于句首,首字母要大写,故填 Historically。
10. itself 根据“Xi’an is a city always remaking”可知,此处指改进自己,主语是 Xi’an,此处用反身代词 itself,故填 itself。
1. lies 根据语境“It 1 (lie) in the north of China.”可知,西安位于中国北方。主语是 It,第三人称单数,描述事实要用一般现在时,故填 lies。
2. importance 空格前有形容词“great”,形容词修饰名词,故填 importance。
3. building in 为介词,后接动词的动名词形式,故填 building。
4. the 根据语境“It goes around 4 city and is an important cultural site.”可推知,城墙环绕着西安城,空格后面是名词单数“city”,此处特指西安城,要用定冠词,故填 the。
5. largest the 后接形容词最高级,largest 表示“最大的”,故填 largest。
6. but 根据语境“The bell was first designed as an emergency alarm to warn of danger, 6 it was very often used to tell people the time.”可推知,钟最初是作为警钟来警告危险的,但它经常被用来告诉人们时间。空格前后呈转折关系,用 but 连接,故填 but。
7. with 根据语境“While Xi’an is a city 7 a long history”可知,此处指西安是有着悠久历史的城市,介词 with 表示“具有”,故填 with。
8. known 根据语境“It is best 8 (know) as a center for software research, development and services.”可推知,西安作为软件研发和服务的中心而闻名。形容词短语 be known as 表示“作为……而闻名”,故填 known。
9. Historically 根据语境“ 9 (historical), Xi’an has always been a city of art, industry and business.”可推知,设空处需要修饰整个句子,因此要填入副词,表示“从历史上看,西安一直是一座艺术、工业和商业之都”,设空处位于句首,首字母要大写,故填 Historically。
10. itself 根据“Xi’an is a city always remaking”可知,此处指改进自己,主语是 Xi’an,此处用反身代词 itself,故填 itself。
解析
【分析】
要解决这道语法填空题,需结合语境、语法规则和词汇知识逐一分析每个空:
1. 第1空:主语是第三人称单数It(指代西安),描述客观事实用一般现在时,动词需用第三人称单数形式,故填lies。
2. 第2空:空格前是形容词great,形容词修饰名词,需将形容词important转换为名词importance。
3. 第3空:介词in后接动词时,要用动名词形式,故将build变为building。
4. 第4空:此处特指西安这座城市,名词前需用定冠词the表特指。
5. 第5空:句中出现定冠词the,结合语境表示“最大的钟楼”,需用形容词large的最高级largest。
6. 第6空:前后分句“最初作为警钟”和“常用来报时”是转折关系,用转折连词but连接。
7. 第7空:此处表示“具有悠久历史的城市”,介词with表示“带有、具有”,符合语境。
8. 第8空:固定搭配be known as意为“作为……而闻名”,故填过去分词known构成被动结构。
9. 第9空:设空处修饰整个句子,需用副词形式,historical的副词是Historically,且位于句首首字母大写。
10. 第10空:主语是Xi'an,此处表示“重塑它自己”,需用反身代词itself。
【解析】
1. 主语It为第三人称单数,一般现在时表客观事实,故填lies。
2. great是形容词,后接名词,important的名词形式为importance,故填importance。
3. in是介词,后接动名词,build的动名词是building,故填building。
4. 特指西安这座城市,用定冠词the,故填the。
5. 由the可知用形容词最高级,large的最高级是largest,故填largest。
6. 前后为转折关系,用连词but,故填but。
7. with表示“具有”,符合“具有悠久历史的城市”的语境,故填with。
8. 固定搭配be known as,故填known。
9. 修饰句子用副词,historical的副词是Historically,句首大写,故填Historically。
10. 主语是Xi'an,反身代词itself表示“它自己”,故填itself。
【答案】
1. lies 2. importance 3. building 4. the 5. largest 6. but 7. with 8. known 9. Historically 10. itself
【知识点】
动词时态、词性转换、固定搭配
【点评】
本题为说明文语法填空,围绕西安的相关介绍展开,主要考察基础语法(时态、词性、冠词、连词等)和词汇变形,需结合语境和语法规则分析,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.4
要解决这道语法填空题,需结合语境、语法规则和词汇知识逐一分析每个空:
1. 第1空:主语是第三人称单数It(指代西安),描述客观事实用一般现在时,动词需用第三人称单数形式,故填lies。
2. 第2空:空格前是形容词great,形容词修饰名词,需将形容词important转换为名词importance。
3. 第3空:介词in后接动词时,要用动名词形式,故将build变为building。
4. 第4空:此处特指西安这座城市,名词前需用定冠词the表特指。
5. 第5空:句中出现定冠词the,结合语境表示“最大的钟楼”,需用形容词large的最高级largest。
6. 第6空:前后分句“最初作为警钟”和“常用来报时”是转折关系,用转折连词but连接。
7. 第7空:此处表示“具有悠久历史的城市”,介词with表示“带有、具有”,符合语境。
8. 第8空:固定搭配be known as意为“作为……而闻名”,故填过去分词known构成被动结构。
9. 第9空:设空处修饰整个句子,需用副词形式,historical的副词是Historically,且位于句首首字母大写。
10. 第10空:主语是Xi'an,此处表示“重塑它自己”,需用反身代词itself。
【解析】
1. 主语It为第三人称单数,一般现在时表客观事实,故填lies。
2. great是形容词,后接名词,important的名词形式为importance,故填importance。
3. in是介词,后接动名词,build的动名词是building,故填building。
4. 特指西安这座城市,用定冠词the,故填the。
5. 由the可知用形容词最高级,large的最高级是largest,故填largest。
6. 前后为转折关系,用连词but,故填but。
7. with表示“具有”,符合“具有悠久历史的城市”的语境,故填with。
8. 固定搭配be known as,故填known。
9. 修饰句子用副词,historical的副词是Historically,句首大写,故填Historically。
10. 主语是Xi'an,反身代词itself表示“它自己”,故填itself。
【答案】
1. lies 2. importance 3. building 4. the 5. largest 6. but 7. with 8. known 9. Historically 10. itself
【知识点】
动词时态、词性转换、固定搭配
【点评】
本题为说明文语法填空,围绕西安的相关介绍展开,主要考察基础语法(时态、词性、冠词、连词等)和词汇变形,需结合语境和语法规则分析,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.4
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