2026年时代新课程八年级英语下册译林版第128页答案
三、句型转换
1. This tool is used to cut wood. (改为否定句)
This tool
isn't
used
to cut wood.
2. Hundreds of toys were given away to the children in the orphanage last weekend. (改为一般疑问句)
Were
hundreds of toys
given
away to the children in the orphanage last weekend?
3. The charity Save the Children was founded in 1919. (对划线部分提问)
When
was
the
charity
Save the Children
founded
?
4. The volunteers provide food and water for the homeless people every winter. (改为同义句)
The volunteers
provide
the homeless people
with
food and water every winter.
5. The aim of this charity is to offer 100 free meals to people in need daily. (改为同义句)
This charity
aims
to
offer
free meals to 100 people in need every day.
6. We can collect old clothes and books to help the poor. (改为同义句)
We can
help
the poor
by
collecting
old clothes and books.

答案

1. isn't used
2. Were; given
3. When was the charity; founded
4. provide; with
5. aims to offer
6. help; by collecting

解析

【分析】
这是英语句型转换专项练习题,解题时需要先判断每道题原句的时态、语态和核心结构,再对应不同变换要求套用规则:
1. 第1题原句是一般现在时的被动语态,谓语为is+过去分词结构,变否定句直接在be动词后加not,其余语序不变即可。
2. 第2题原句是一般过去时的被动语态,谓语为were+过去分词结构,变一般疑问句直接把be动词were提前到句首,保留后续过去分词部分。
3. 第3题划线部分是过去的时间状语,对时间提问用特殊疑问词When,按照特殊疑问句“特殊疑问词+be动词+主语+过去分词”的被动结构调整语序补全内容。
4. 第4题考察provide的同义搭配,牢记provide sth for sb和provide sb with sth是等价结构,直接替换对应部分即可。
5. 第5题原句核心含义是该慈善机构的目标是每日提供100份免费餐,转换主语为This charity后,用aim to do的结构,注意主谓一致使用第三人称单数形式。
6. 第6题原句含义是通过收集旧衣物、书籍的方式帮助穷人,转换为help sb by doing sth的结构表行为方式,补全对应内容即可。
【解析】
1. 原句被动结构is used变否定,在is后加not缩写为isn't,后续保留过去分词used,得出答案。
2. 原句是一般过去时被动语态,将be动词were提前到句首且首字母大写,后续保留过去分词given,得出答案。
3. 对过去时间in 1919提问用When,后续接be动词was,再接主语the charity Save the Children,最后接过去分词founded,得出答案。
4. 套用固定搭配转换规则provide sth. for sb. = provide sb. with sth.,主语为复数谓语用原形provide,第二空填with,得出答案。
5. 转换后主语This charity是第三人称单数,谓语用aims,搭配aim to do sth. 对应原句“目标是做某事”的含义,得出答案。
6. 套用help sb. by doing sth. 结构,情态动词can后接动词原形help,介词by后接动名词collecting表方式,得出答案。
【答案】
1. isn't used
2. Were; given
3. When was the charity; founded
4. provide; with
5. aims to offer
6. help; by collecting
【知识点】
被动语态句型转换;动词固定搭配;同义句转换
【点评】
本题属于初中英语基础考点,覆盖了不同时态被动语态的三类句式变换,以及初中高频动词短语的同义替换,考点常规无偏题怪题,能够有效帮助学生巩固被动语态变换规则和核心短语的用法,夯实基础。
【难度系数】
0.8
四、完成句子
1. 除了帮助儿童,他们的工作也支持独居的老人。
In addition to helping
children, their work also supports old people who live alone.
2. 捐赠的图书已被分发到五所不同乡村学校的学生手中。
The donated books
have been handed out
to the students in five different village schools.
3. 多年来,该基金会已筹集超过十亿元,用于在贫困地区建造学校。
Over the years,
over/more than
one billion yuan
has been raised
by the foundation to build schools in poor areas.
4. 尽管许多慈善机构成立的理由各不相同,但它们都力争做到为人们创造一个更美好的未来。
Though many charities
are created/founded
for different reasons, they all
aim/try to
build a better future for people.
5. 他们已付出巨大努力,以确保培训更多医生和护士。
They have made great efforts to make sure that
more doctors and nurses are trained
.
6. 无锡二院的医生每年都要为许多眼疾患者做手术。
The doctors in Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital
operate on/do operations on many patients with
eye problems every year.
7. 事实上,许多失明的人本可以通过早期帮助保住视力。
In fact, a lot of people
who are blinded
could have kept their sight with early help.

答案

1. In addition to helping
2. have been handed out
3. over/more than; has been raised
4. are created/founded; aim/try to
5. more doctors and nurses are trained
6. operate on/do operations on many patients with
7. who are blinded

解析

【分析】
这道完成句子题的解题思路可以按三步走:第一步先对照中英文给出的已知内容,精准定位挖空部分对应的中文语义;第二步结合语境判断所需的固定短语、时态语态属性,比如看到“已被”就要联想到现在完成时的被动结构,看到“除了”后面接名词性成分要注意介词短语的用法;第三步核对细节:比如介词后要接动名词、主谓一致、定语从句的关系词使用、被动结构的完整性,排查常见的形式错误,最终得到符合语法和语义的正确表达。
【解析】
1. 句首挖空对应语义“除了帮助”,固定短语in addition to表示“除…之外(还有)”,其中to是介词,后面接动名词形式,help的动名词是helping,句首首字母大写,因此填In addition to helping。
2. 挖空对应语义“已被分发”,主语The donated books和“分发”是被动关系,语义强调动作已经完成,要用现在完成时的被动语态,结构为have/has been+过去分词,“分发”用固定短语hand out,主语books是复数,助动词用have,因此填have been handed out。
3. 第一空对应语义“超过”,可以用over或者more than表达;第二空对应语义“被筹集”,主语one billion yuan是不可数概念,和“筹集”是被动关系,时间状语Over the years提示用现在完成时,现在完成时被动结构用has been+过去分词,“筹集”是raise,过去分词为raised,因此依次填over/more than; has been raised。
4. 第一空对应语义“被成立”,主语many charities和“创立”是被动关系,描述客观事实用一般现在时,因此填are created/founded;第二空对应语义“力争做到”,固定搭配aim to do sth或者try to do sth都可以表达该含义,主语是they,一般现在时用动词原形,因此填aim/try to。
5. 挖空部分是make sure后的宾语从句,对应语义“更多医生和护士被培训”,从句主语是动作的承受者,要用被动语态,用陈述语序,因此填more doctors and nurses are trained。
6. 挖空对应语义“为许多有眼疾的病人做手术”,固定搭配operate on sb或者do operations on sb表示“给某人做手术”,“有眼疾的”用with eye problems作后置定语修饰patients,时间状语every year提示用一般现在时,主语doctors是复数,动词用原形,因此填operate on/do operations on many patients with。
7. 挖空部分是修饰people的定语从句,对应语义“失明的”,先行词是人,用关系代词who引导从句,“失明”用被动结构表达,因此填who are blinded。
【答案】
1. In addition to helping
2. have been handed out
3. over/more than; has been raised
4. are created/founded; aim/try to
5. more doctors and nurses are trained
6. operate on/do operations on many patients with
7. who are blinded
【知识点】
固定短语搭配,被动语态,定语从句
【点评】
本题属于初中英语单元核心考点的典型完成句子题型,围绕慈善、医疗相关主题考察了核心短语、不同时态的被动语态、限制性定语从句的基础用法,易错点集中在介词后接动名词的规则、被动结构漏写be动词、主谓一致判断,学生解题时要注意不能只翻译语义,还要结合语法规则调整动词的正确形式。
【难度系数】
0.6