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C
When you want to ask your teacher a question during class, what do you do? Do you simply shout out your question as soon as it enters your mind? Or do you raise your hand and wait until the teacher calls your name?
If you politely raise your hand first, it's probably because your teacher has a rule that regulates(规定) what you are allowed to do when you have a question. Can you imagine(想象) what it would be like if everyone could simply talk whenever they wanted during class? Instead of(而不是) a peaceful learning environment, a classroom without rules would be chaotic(混乱的)!
When you learn to drive, you'll know how many rules you have to follow. The rules for driving share a common purpose(目的) with many rules you must follow in your daily life to keep you safe. As an ancient Chinese saying goes, “No rules, no standards.” If you make a list of the rules you follow each day, you will quickly realize how many of them can keep you safe and make your life more enjoyable as a result.
Although sometimes you feel like a rule is unjust(不公平的), don't break it. Instead, decide what you can do to change the rule. Working within the rules to change the rules is what you need to do.
()26. How does the writer start the passage?
A. By giving examples. B. By describing a situation.
C. By asking some questions. D. By providing some materials.
()27. To keep order in the classroom, what can teachers do according to Paragraph 2?
A. Change some unjust rules.
B. Set some rules in advance(提前).
C. Punish(惩罚) students who break the rules.
D. Teach students how important rules are.
()28. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese?
A. 吃一堑，长一智。 B. 不入虎穴，焉得虎子。
C. 有则改之，无则加勉。 D. 不以规矩，不能成方圆。
()29. What can we learn from the passage?
A. We needn't pay attention to unjust rules.
B. We can't make efforts to change the rules.
C. Following rules can give you a safe and happy life in a way.
D. The writer gives an example to explain what rules are unjust.
()30. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The ways of making fair rules.
B. The importance of rules.
C. Why rules can influence our lives.
D. How students should act at school.
When you want to ask your teacher a question during class, what do you do? Do you simply shout out your question as soon as it enters your mind? Or do you raise your hand and wait until the teacher calls your name?
If you politely raise your hand first, it's probably because your teacher has a rule that regulates(规定) what you are allowed to do when you have a question. Can you imagine(想象) what it would be like if everyone could simply talk whenever they wanted during class? Instead of(而不是) a peaceful learning environment, a classroom without rules would be chaotic(混乱的)!
When you learn to drive, you'll know how many rules you have to follow. The rules for driving share a common purpose(目的) with many rules you must follow in your daily life to keep you safe. As an ancient Chinese saying goes, “No rules, no standards.” If you make a list of the rules you follow each day, you will quickly realize how many of them can keep you safe and make your life more enjoyable as a result.
Although sometimes you feel like a rule is unjust(不公平的), don't break it. Instead, decide what you can do to change the rule. Working within the rules to change the rules is what you need to do.
()26. How does the writer start the passage?
A. By giving examples. B. By describing a situation.
C. By asking some questions. D. By providing some materials.
()27. To keep order in the classroom, what can teachers do according to Paragraph 2?
A. Change some unjust rules.
B. Set some rules in advance(提前).
C. Punish(惩罚) students who break the rules.
D. Teach students how important rules are.
()28. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese?
A. 吃一堑，长一智。 B. 不入虎穴，焉得虎子。
C. 有则改之，无则加勉。 D. 不以规矩，不能成方圆。
()29. What can we learn from the passage?
A. We needn't pay attention to unjust rules.
B. We can't make efforts to change the rules.
C. Following rules can give you a safe and happy life in a way.
D. The writer gives an example to explain what rules are unjust.
()30. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The ways of making fair rules.
B. The importance of rules.
C. Why rules can influence our lives.
D. How students should act at school.
答案
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了规则的重要性。
26. C 写作手法题。根据第一段“When you want to ask your teacher... calls your name?”可知，作者是通过提问一些问题来开篇的。故选 C。
27. B 细节理解题。根据第二段“If you politely raise your hand first, it's probably because your teacher has a rule that regulates what you are allowed to do when you have a question... Instead of a peaceful learning environment, a classroom without rules would be chaotic!”可知，教师可以通过预设一些规则来维护教室的秩序。故选 B。
28. D 句意猜测题。根据画线句“No rules, no standards.”中的“rules”可知，这个谚语和制定规则相关，由此推测 D 项“不以规矩，不能成方圆。”符合。故选 D。
29. C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“If you make a list of the rules you follow each day... more enjoyable as a result.”可推断，遵守规则可以在某种程度上给你一个安全快乐的生活。故选 C。
30. B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了为什么社会需要规则，即规则的重要性。故选 B。
26. C 写作手法题。根据第一段“When you want to ask your teacher... calls your name?”可知，作者是通过提问一些问题来开篇的。故选 C。
27. B 细节理解题。根据第二段“If you politely raise your hand first, it's probably because your teacher has a rule that regulates what you are allowed to do when you have a question... Instead of a peaceful learning environment, a classroom without rules would be chaotic!”可知，教师可以通过预设一些规则来维护教室的秩序。故选 B。
28. D 句意猜测题。根据画线句“No rules, no standards.”中的“rules”可知，这个谚语和制定规则相关，由此推测 D 项“不以规矩，不能成方圆。”符合。故选 D。
29. C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“If you make a list of the rules you follow each day... more enjoyable as a result.”可推断，遵守规则可以在某种程度上给你一个安全快乐的生活。故选 C。
30. B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了为什么社会需要规则，即规则的重要性。故选 B。
解析
【分析】
拿到这篇阅读题，首先先通读全文，先把握文章核心主题是围绕规则的作用展开的，之后逐题回原文定位对应内容：
1. 第26题问作者开篇方式，直接看第一段内容，发现整段都是抛出的几个问题，直接对应提问引入的写作手法，就能选出答案。
2. 第27题定位到第二段，第二段明确提到没有规则的教室会混乱，老师提前制定规则来规范学生课堂提问的行为，就能推导出老师可以通过提前定规则维持课堂秩序。
3. 第28题是古语匹配，先理解划线英文句子的含义是“没有规则就没有标准”，再对应四个中文选项的含义，就能选出匹配的古语。
4. 第29题用排除法，逐一核对每个选项和原文内容是否矛盾，排除错误选项后就能得到正确结论。
5. 第30题主旨题，梳理全文所有内容：从课堂规则、驾驶规则两个例子，都在说明规则能保障安全、维持秩序、让生活更舒适，核心是讲规则的重要性，就能选出主旨答案。
【解析】
26. 细节判断：原文第一段连续抛出3个相关问题引入话题，没有用举例、描述场景、提供材料的方式开篇，因此选C。
27. 细节定位：第二段明确说明没有规则的教室会陷入混乱，老师提前制定规则来规范学生课堂行为，就能维持课堂秩序，其余选项在第二段均无对应表述，因此选B。
28. 句意猜测：划线句“No rules, no standards”直译含义为“没有规则就没有标准”，和古语“不以规矩，不能成方圆”含义完全匹配，其余选项含义均和规则无关，因此选D。
29. 推理判断：A选项和原文“即使觉得规则不公平也不要违反”表述矛盾；B选项和原文“可以在规则范围内尝试改变不合理规则”表述矛盾；D选项全文没有举例说明不公平的规则，表述错误；C选项对应原文“规则能保护你安全，还能让你的生活更愉悦”的内容，表述正确。
30. 主旨大意：全文通过课堂规则、交通规则两个日常例子，核心阐述规则对维持秩序、保障安全的作用，也就是规则的重要性，其余选项都是局部内容或者未提及的内容，因此选B。
【答案】
26.C 27.B 28.D 29.C 30.B
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，阅读理解主旨判断，英语句意猜测
【点评】
本题属于初中英语常规说明文阅读，考点覆盖了阅读常考的写作手法判断、细节理解、句意猜测、推理判断、主旨大意全题型，难度梯度合理，既考察学生回原文定位信息的做题能力，也能引导学生理解日常规则的意义，易错点是主旨题容易误选局部表述的干扰项，做题时需要区分全文核心主题和段落局部内容。
【难度系数】
0.7
拿到这篇阅读题，首先先通读全文，先把握文章核心主题是围绕规则的作用展开的，之后逐题回原文定位对应内容：
1. 第26题问作者开篇方式，直接看第一段内容，发现整段都是抛出的几个问题，直接对应提问引入的写作手法，就能选出答案。
2. 第27题定位到第二段，第二段明确提到没有规则的教室会混乱，老师提前制定规则来规范学生课堂提问的行为，就能推导出老师可以通过提前定规则维持课堂秩序。
3. 第28题是古语匹配，先理解划线英文句子的含义是“没有规则就没有标准”，再对应四个中文选项的含义，就能选出匹配的古语。
4. 第29题用排除法，逐一核对每个选项和原文内容是否矛盾，排除错误选项后就能得到正确结论。
5. 第30题主旨题，梳理全文所有内容：从课堂规则、驾驶规则两个例子，都在说明规则能保障安全、维持秩序、让生活更舒适，核心是讲规则的重要性，就能选出主旨答案。
【解析】
26. 细节判断：原文第一段连续抛出3个相关问题引入话题，没有用举例、描述场景、提供材料的方式开篇，因此选C。
27. 细节定位：第二段明确说明没有规则的教室会陷入混乱，老师提前制定规则来规范学生课堂行为，就能维持课堂秩序，其余选项在第二段均无对应表述，因此选B。
28. 句意猜测：划线句“No rules, no standards”直译含义为“没有规则就没有标准”，和古语“不以规矩，不能成方圆”含义完全匹配，其余选项含义均和规则无关，因此选D。
29. 推理判断：A选项和原文“即使觉得规则不公平也不要违反”表述矛盾；B选项和原文“可以在规则范围内尝试改变不合理规则”表述矛盾；D选项全文没有举例说明不公平的规则，表述错误；C选项对应原文“规则能保护你安全，还能让你的生活更愉悦”的内容，表述正确。
30. 主旨大意：全文通过课堂规则、交通规则两个日常例子，核心阐述规则对维持秩序、保障安全的作用，也就是规则的重要性，其余选项都是局部内容或者未提及的内容，因此选B。
【答案】
26.C 27.B 28.D 29.C 30.B
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，阅读理解主旨判断，英语句意猜测
【点评】
本题属于初中英语常规说明文阅读，考点覆盖了阅读常考的写作手法判断、细节理解、句意猜测、推理判断、主旨大意全题型，难度梯度合理，既考察学生回原文定位信息的做题能力，也能引导学生理解日常规则的意义，易错点是主旨题容易误选局部表述的干扰项，做题时需要区分全文核心主题和段落局部内容。
【难度系数】
0.7
