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Ⅳ. 短文阅读
Did you know China has ancient wonders just as amazing as Egypt's pyramids? Have you heard about the underground army guarding an emperor's tomb? Why won't archaeologists（考古学家）open the main burial chamber? Let's explore China's "underground pyramid"—the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang!
Located in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, this 2,200-year-old tomb belongs to China's first emperor. The most famous discovery is the Terracotta Army—thousands of life-sized clay soldiers and horses. But the main chamber remains unopened because experts worry excavation（挖掘）might damage precious artifacts inside.
Today, archaeologists use radar scans and 3D imaging to study the tomb without damaging it. They've found large amounts of mercury（水银）, possibly representing rivers and seas. The entire mausoleum is like a miniature（小型的）underground kingdom!
17. How does the writer start the passage?
A. By asking questions.
B. By showing facts.
C. By telling a joke.
18. Where is the Terracotta Army located?
A. In Henan Province.
B. In Shaanxi Province.
C. In Shandong Province.
19. Why don't archaeologists open the main chamber?
A. They can't find the entrance.
B. To protect the artifacts.
C. It's against the law.
Did you know China has ancient wonders just as amazing as Egypt's pyramids? Have you heard about the underground army guarding an emperor's tomb? Why won't archaeologists（考古学家）open the main burial chamber? Let's explore China's "underground pyramid"—the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang!
Located in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, this 2,200-year-old tomb belongs to China's first emperor. The most famous discovery is the Terracotta Army—thousands of life-sized clay soldiers and horses. But the main chamber remains unopened because experts worry excavation（挖掘）might damage precious artifacts inside.
Today, archaeologists use radar scans and 3D imaging to study the tomb without damaging it. They've found large amounts of mercury（水银）, possibly representing rivers and seas. The entire mausoleum is like a miniature（小型的）underground kingdom!
17. How does the writer start the passage?
A. By asking questions.
B. By showing facts.
C. By telling a joke.
18. Where is the Terracotta Army located?
A. In Henan Province.
B. In Shaanxi Province.
C. In Shandong Province.
19. Why don't archaeologists open the main chamber?
A. They can't find the entrance.
B. To protect the artifacts.
C. It's against the law.
答案
17. A
18. B
19. B
18. B
19. B
解析
【分析】
17题：需定位原文开头，判断作者的开篇方式；18题：需查找兵马俑的地理位置信息；19题：需明确考古学家不打开主墓室的原因，均为基础细节查找类题目，通过对应原文内容即可得出答案。
【解析】
17题：定位原文开头，作者使用了三个疑问句（Did you know...? Have you heard...? Why won't...?）引出话题，属于提问方式，故选A。
18题：根据原文第二段第一句“Located in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province...”可知，兵马俑位于陕西省，故选B。
19题：根据原文第二段最后一句“...because experts worry excavation might damage precious artifacts inside.”可知，考古学家不开主墓室是为了保护文物，故选B。
【答案】
17.A；18.B；19.B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节查找
【点评】
本题为关于秦始皇陵的英语阅读理解题，三道题目均为基础细节题，只要能快速定位原文对应信息即可解答，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.8
17题：需定位原文开头，判断作者的开篇方式；18题：需查找兵马俑的地理位置信息；19题：需明确考古学家不打开主墓室的原因，均为基础细节查找类题目，通过对应原文内容即可得出答案。
【解析】
17题：定位原文开头，作者使用了三个疑问句（Did you know...? Have you heard...? Why won't...?）引出话题，属于提问方式，故选A。
18题：根据原文第二段第一句“Located in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province...”可知，兵马俑位于陕西省，故选B。
19题：根据原文第二段最后一句“...because experts worry excavation might damage precious artifacts inside.”可知，考古学家不开主墓室是为了保护文物，故选B。
【答案】
17.A；18.B；19.B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节查找
【点评】
本题为关于秦始皇陵的英语阅读理解题，三道题目均为基础细节题，只要能快速定位原文对应信息即可解答，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.8
三、综合提升
Ⅴ. 任务型阅读
Have you ever heard of Death Valley? It's a national park lying in the east of California, the USA. The park isn't scary as its name sounds. You can enjoy the desert sunshine there. At the same time, you can find some special rocks called "sailing stones". Some of them weigh hundreds of pounds. And on the ground behind each rock is a mysterious trail(痕迹). It seems that the rock has been pushed along in the sand.
It was nearly 100 years ago that the "sailing stones" were reported for the first time. People have been trying to find the stone's secret. Until the 1990s, one widely accepted opinion was that the rocks were stuck in sheets (片) of ice that were being blown across the desert. However, research later showed that to move such large ice sheets, the wind would have to blow at hundreds of miles per hour. There are strong winds in Death Valley, but not that strong.
Then in 2006, a scientist named Ralph Lorenz expressed his opinion. He suggested that in winter, thick ice forms around the rocks. When the ground begins to thaw(解冻), the rocks, wearing ice, sail along and leave trails behind them. Lorenz even did a test in his own kitchen to show his opinion was correct.
Has Lorenz succeeded in solving the mystery of the sailing stones? Perhaps. After all, neither Lorenz nor anybody else has ever actually seen the stones move. Maybe it was aliens who moved the stones.
20. Where is Death Valley?
21. When were the "sailing stones" reported for the first time?
22. Was it possible for the wind to move such large ice sheets? Why?
23. How did Ralph Lorenz prove(证明) his opinion was correct?
24. 将短文中画线部分翻译成中文。
Ⅴ. 任务型阅读
Have you ever heard of Death Valley? It's a national park lying in the east of California, the USA. The park isn't scary as its name sounds. You can enjoy the desert sunshine there. At the same time, you can find some special rocks called "sailing stones". Some of them weigh hundreds of pounds. And on the ground behind each rock is a mysterious trail(痕迹). It seems that the rock has been pushed along in the sand.
It was nearly 100 years ago that the "sailing stones" were reported for the first time. People have been trying to find the stone's secret. Until the 1990s, one widely accepted opinion was that the rocks were stuck in sheets (片) of ice that were being blown across the desert. However, research later showed that to move such large ice sheets, the wind would have to blow at hundreds of miles per hour. There are strong winds in Death Valley, but not that strong.
Then in 2006, a scientist named Ralph Lorenz expressed his opinion. He suggested that in winter, thick ice forms around the rocks. When the ground begins to thaw(解冻), the rocks, wearing ice, sail along and leave trails behind them. Lorenz even did a test in his own kitchen to show his opinion was correct.
Has Lorenz succeeded in solving the mystery of the sailing stones? Perhaps. After all, neither Lorenz nor anybody else has ever actually seen the stones move. Maybe it was aliens who moved the stones.
20. Where is Death Valley?
In the east of California,the USA.
21. When were the "sailing stones" reported for the first time?
Nearly 100 years ago.
22. Was it possible for the wind to move such large ice sheets? Why?
No, it wasn't. Because the winds in Death Valley were not that strong.
23. How did Ralph Lorenz prove(证明) his opinion was correct?
He did a test in his own kitchen.
24. 将短文中画线部分翻译成中文。
人们一直试图找出石头的秘密。
答案
20. In the east of California,the USA.
21. Nearly 100 years ago.
22. No, it wasn't. Because the winds in Death Valley were not that strong.
23. He did a test in his own kitchen.
24. 人们一直试图找出石头的秘密。
21. Nearly 100 years ago.
22. No, it wasn't. Because the winds in Death Valley were not that strong.
23. He did a test in his own kitchen.
24. 人们一直试图找出石头的秘密。
解析
【分析】
本题为任务型阅读，需根据问题定位原文对应信息作答。20题询问死亡谷的位置，定位原文第一段第二句；21题询问航行石首次被报道的时间，定位第二段第一句；22题询问风能否移动大冰原及原因，定位第二段最后一句；23题询问拉尔夫·洛伦兹如何证明观点，定位第三段最后一句；24题考查英译汉，需准确翻译划线句子。
【解析】
20题：根据原文第一段第二句“It's a national park lying in the east of California, the USA.”，提取位置信息；21题：根据原文第二段第一句“It was nearly 100 years ago that the "sailing stones" were reported for the first time.”，提取时间；22题：根据原文第二段最后一句“There are strong winds in Death Valley, but not that strong.”，可知风不够强，故答案为否定回答；23题：根据原文第三段最后一句“Lorenz even did a test in his own kitchen to show his opinion was correct.”，提取证明方式；24题：划线句为“People have been trying to find the stone's secret.”，现在完成进行时，翻译为“人们一直试图找出石头的秘密”。
【答案】
20. In the east of California,the USA.
21. Nearly 100 years ago.
22. No, it wasn't. Because the winds in Death Valley were not that strong.
23. He did a test in his own kitchen.
24. 人们一直试图找出石头的秘密。
【知识点】
任务型阅读、细节理解、英译汉
【点评】
本题为任务型阅读的基础题型，侧重考查学生快速定位原文信息的能力，整体难度较低，只要仔细阅读原文即可准确作答。
【难度系数】
0.2
本题为任务型阅读，需根据问题定位原文对应信息作答。20题询问死亡谷的位置，定位原文第一段第二句；21题询问航行石首次被报道的时间，定位第二段第一句；22题询问风能否移动大冰原及原因，定位第二段最后一句；23题询问拉尔夫·洛伦兹如何证明观点，定位第三段最后一句；24题考查英译汉，需准确翻译划线句子。
【解析】
20题：根据原文第一段第二句“It's a national park lying in the east of California, the USA.”，提取位置信息；21题：根据原文第二段第一句“It was nearly 100 years ago that the "sailing stones" were reported for the first time.”，提取时间；22题：根据原文第二段最后一句“There are strong winds in Death Valley, but not that strong.”，可知风不够强，故答案为否定回答；23题：根据原文第三段最后一句“Lorenz even did a test in his own kitchen to show his opinion was correct.”，提取证明方式；24题：划线句为“People have been trying to find the stone's secret.”，现在完成进行时，翻译为“人们一直试图找出石头的秘密”。
【答案】
20. In the east of California,the USA.
21. Nearly 100 years ago.
22. No, it wasn't. Because the winds in Death Valley were not that strong.
23. He did a test in his own kitchen.
24. 人们一直试图找出石头的秘密。
【知识点】
任务型阅读、细节理解、英译汉
【点评】
本题为任务型阅读的基础题型，侧重考查学生快速定位原文信息的能力，整体难度较低，只要仔细阅读原文即可准确作答。
【难度系数】
0.2
