2026年计算素养提升六年级数学下册北师大版第57页答案
1. 解方程或比例。
$1:5 = 2.5:x$ $x =$
$\frac{x}{14} = \frac{4}{7}$ $x =$

$20:10 = x:30$ $x =$
$\frac{10}{x} = \frac{45}{8}$ $x =$

$\frac{0.4}{2x} = \frac{4}{5}$ $x =$
$\frac{x}{25} = \frac{1}{10}$ $x =$

$\frac{2}{3}:\frac{1}{6} = x:3$ $x =$
$\frac{15}{4} = \frac{x}{0.2}$ $x =$

$11:x = 0.5:3$ $x =$
$2x = \frac{2}{5}$ $x =$

答案

解:$1:5 = 2.5:x$
$1×x = 5×2.5$
$x = 12.5$
解:$\frac{x}{14} = \frac{4}{7}$
$7x = 14×4$
$7x = 56$
$x = 8$
解:$20:10 = x:30$
$10x = 20×30$
$10x = 600$
$x = 60$
解:$\frac{10}{x} = \frac{45}{8}$
$45x = 10×8$
$45x = 80$
$x = \frac{16}{9}$
解:$\frac{0.4}{2x} = \frac{4}{5}$
$4×2x = 0.4×5$
$8x = 2$
$x = 0.25$
解:$\frac{x}{25} = \frac{1}{10}$
$10x = 25×1$
$10x = 25$
$x = 2.5$
解:$\frac{2}{3}:\frac{1}{6} = x:3$
$\frac{1}{6}x = \frac{2}{3}×3$
$\frac{1}{6}x = 2$
$x = 12$
解:$\frac{15}{4} = \frac{x}{0.2}$
$4x = 15×0.2$
$4x = 3$
$x = 0.75$
解:$11:x = 0.5:3$
$0.5x = 11×3$
$0.5x = 33$
$x = 66$
解:$2x = \frac{2}{5}$
$x = \frac{2}{5}÷2$
$x = \frac{1}{5}$
2. 计算下列图形的体积。(单位:cm)

答案

第一个图形(空心圆柱):
$3.14×(6÷2)^2×5 - 3.14×(2÷2)^2×5$
$=3.14×9×5 - 3.14×1×5$
$=141.3 - 15.7$
$=125.6$(立方厘米)
第二个图形(圆柱+圆锥):
$3.14×(2÷2)^2×4 + \frac{1}{3}×3.14×(2÷2)^2×3$
$=3.14×1×4 + \frac{1}{3}×3.14×1×3$
$=12.56 + 3.14$
$=15.7$(立方厘米)
答:第一个图形的体积是125.6立方厘米,第二个图形的体积是15.7立方厘米。
3. 脱式计算。(能简算的要简算)
$[3.2×(1 - \frac{5}{8}) + 3\frac{3}{5}]×2\frac{1}{12}$ $1\frac{3}{7} + 2\frac{4}{15} + 4\frac{4}{7} + 3\frac{2}{15}$
$\frac{43}{97}×99 - \frac{43}{97}×2$ $1÷2.5 + 2.5×0.4$

答案

第一题
$\begin{aligned}&[3.2×(1 - \frac{5}{8}) + 3\frac{3}{5}]×2\frac{1}{12}\\=&[3.2×\frac{3}{8} + 3.6]×\frac{25}{12}\\=&[1.2 + 3.6]×\frac{25}{12}\\=&4.8×\frac{25}{12}\\=&10\end{aligned}$
第二题
$\begin{aligned}&1\frac{3}{7} + 2\frac{4}{15} + 4\frac{4}{7} + 3\frac{2}{15}\\=&(1\frac{3}{7} + 4\frac{4}{7}) + (2\frac{4}{15} + 3\frac{2}{15})\\=&6 + 5\frac{6}{15}\\=&6 + 5\frac{2}{5}\\=&11\frac{2}{5}\end{aligned}$
第三题
$\begin{aligned}&\frac{43}{97}×99 - \frac{43}{97}×2\\=&\frac{43}{97}×(99 - 2)\\=&\frac{43}{97}×97\\=&43\end{aligned}$
第四题
$\begin{aligned}&1÷2.5 + 2.5×0.4\\=&0.4 + 1\\=&1.4\end{aligned}$