四、语法填空(15 分)
阅读下面的短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The dog days,also called Sanfutian in Chinese,are the 31. (hot) days of the year. It starts in July and lasts for about 30 to 40 days. It 32. (have) three parts:Chufu,Zhongfu and Mofu.

Because of 33. hot weather,people may feel bad and don't feel like eating. Some people even get sick 34. they eat too many cold things.
It's really important 35. (choose) the right foods. It can help keep fit during the dog days. Foods that are easy to digest(消化) and have a lot of protein(蛋白质) are good. For example,there are different 36. (kind) of vegetables,chicken,eggs and so on. You'd better not eat things that are uncooked or cold.
As a saying 37. ______ (go) that if you eat a chicken at the beginning of the dog days,you'll stay 38. ______ (health) for the whole year. So,when the dog days come,it's better for you to choose the right foods 39. ______ (keep) yourself in good shape. It's important for us to eat 40. ______ (health).
阅读下面的短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The dog days,also called Sanfutian in Chinese,are the 31. (hot) days of the year. It starts in July and lasts for about 30 to 40 days. It 32. (have) three parts:Chufu,Zhongfu and Mofu.
Because of 33. hot weather,people may feel bad and don't feel like eating. Some people even get sick 34. they eat too many cold things.
It's really important 35. (choose) the right foods. It can help keep fit during the dog days. Foods that are easy to digest(消化) and have a lot of protein(蛋白质) are good. For example,there are different 36. (kind) of vegetables,chicken,eggs and so on. You'd better not eat things that are uncooked or cold.
As a saying 37. ______ (go) that if you eat a chicken at the beginning of the dog days,you'll stay 38. ______ (health) for the whole year. So,when the dog days come,it's better for you to choose the right foods 39. ______ (keep) yourself in good shape. It's important for us to eat 40. ______ (health).
答案
31. hottest 32. has 33. the 34. if/
because/when 35. to choose 36. kinds
37. goes 38. healthy 39. to keep
40. healthily
because/when 35. to choose 36. kinds
37. goes 38. healthy 39. to keep
40. healthily
解析
【分析】
首先通读全文,明确本文是介绍中国三伏天相关常识的说明文,整体时态为一般现在时。解题时逐个分析每个空的考点:
1. 第31空:给出形容词hot,后文有范围"of the year"(全年范围内),且空前有定冠词the,提示要使用形容词最高级形式。
2. 第32空:主语It指代前文的三伏天,是单数第三人称,全文为一般现在时,谓语动词要变形为第三人称单数形式。
3. 第33空:空格后特指三伏天这段时间的炎热天气,是特指的事物,需要填入定冠词。
4. 第34空:前后是两个完整的句子,需要填入连词,结合前后句逻辑:“有些人甚至生病”和“他们吃太多寒凉食物”,可以是条件、原因或者时间逻辑,对应合适的连词即可。
5. 第35空:符合固定句型"It is + 形容词 + to do sth."(做某事是……的),需要填入动词不定式作真正的主语。
6. 第36空:空前有形容词different(不同的),后面接可数名词时要使用复数形式。
7. 第37空:是固定俗语表达as a saying goes(俗话说),主语a saying是单数第三人称,一般现在时谓语用第三人称单数。
8. 第38空:stay是系动词,后面需要接形容词作表语,要把名词health转换为形容词形式。
9. 第39空:此处表达“选择合适的食物”的目的是“保持好状态”,用动词不定式作目的状语。
10. 第40空:空格修饰动词eat,修饰动词需要用副词,要把名词health转换为对应的副词形式。
【解析】
31. 此处表示一年中最热的日子,限定范围是全年,hot的最高级形式为hottest,故填hottest。
32. 主语It是第三人称单数,全文为一般现在时,谓语动词have要变形为第三人称单数形式has,故填has。
33. 此处特指三伏天时段的炎热天气,是特指的对象,需要用定冠词the,故填the。
34. 前后句逻辑通顺:如果/因为/当人们吃太多凉东西的时候,就会生病,if(如果)、because(因为)、when(当……时)三个连词都符合语境逻辑。
35. 固定句型It is + 形容词 + to do sth. 表示“做某事是……的”,此处it是形式主语,不定式是真正主语,故填to choose。
36. different后接可数名词时要使用复数形式,kind的复数是kinds,different kinds of是固定搭配表示“不同种类的”,故填kinds。
37. 固定常用表达as a saying goes表示“俗话说”,主语a saying是单数第三人称,一般现在时谓语用goes,故填goes。
38. 系动词stay后需要接形容词作表语,名词health对应的形容词是healthy,stay healthy表示“保持健康”,故填healthy。
39. 此处用动词不定式作目的状语,表达选择正确食物的目的是维持好的身体状态,故填to keep。
40. 修饰实义动词eat需要使用副词,名词health对应的副词形式是healthily,表示“健康地饮食”,故填healthily。
【答案】
31. hottest 32. has 33. the 34. if/because/when 35. to choose 36. kinds 37. goes 38. healthy 39. to keep 40. healthily
【知识点】
形容词最高级,非谓语动词,词性转换
【点评】
本题以中国传统节气相关的三伏天为主题,考点覆盖初中英语核心基础语法,大部分考点都是常规的词形变换、固定搭配,仅第34空需要结合上下文逻辑判断连词,整体兼顾了文化科普性和语法考察的基础性,适合巩固基础语法知识点。
【难度系数】
0.7
首先通读全文,明确本文是介绍中国三伏天相关常识的说明文,整体时态为一般现在时。解题时逐个分析每个空的考点:
1. 第31空:给出形容词hot,后文有范围"of the year"(全年范围内),且空前有定冠词the,提示要使用形容词最高级形式。
2. 第32空:主语It指代前文的三伏天,是单数第三人称,全文为一般现在时,谓语动词要变形为第三人称单数形式。
3. 第33空:空格后特指三伏天这段时间的炎热天气,是特指的事物,需要填入定冠词。
4. 第34空:前后是两个完整的句子,需要填入连词,结合前后句逻辑:“有些人甚至生病”和“他们吃太多寒凉食物”,可以是条件、原因或者时间逻辑,对应合适的连词即可。
5. 第35空:符合固定句型"It is + 形容词 + to do sth."(做某事是……的),需要填入动词不定式作真正的主语。
6. 第36空:空前有形容词different(不同的),后面接可数名词时要使用复数形式。
7. 第37空:是固定俗语表达as a saying goes(俗话说),主语a saying是单数第三人称,一般现在时谓语用第三人称单数。
8. 第38空:stay是系动词,后面需要接形容词作表语,要把名词health转换为形容词形式。
9. 第39空:此处表达“选择合适的食物”的目的是“保持好状态”,用动词不定式作目的状语。
10. 第40空:空格修饰动词eat,修饰动词需要用副词,要把名词health转换为对应的副词形式。
【解析】
31. 此处表示一年中最热的日子,限定范围是全年,hot的最高级形式为hottest,故填hottest。
32. 主语It是第三人称单数,全文为一般现在时,谓语动词have要变形为第三人称单数形式has,故填has。
33. 此处特指三伏天时段的炎热天气,是特指的对象,需要用定冠词the,故填the。
34. 前后句逻辑通顺:如果/因为/当人们吃太多凉东西的时候,就会生病,if(如果)、because(因为)、when(当……时)三个连词都符合语境逻辑。
35. 固定句型It is + 形容词 + to do sth. 表示“做某事是……的”,此处it是形式主语,不定式是真正主语,故填to choose。
36. different后接可数名词时要使用复数形式,kind的复数是kinds,different kinds of是固定搭配表示“不同种类的”,故填kinds。
37. 固定常用表达as a saying goes表示“俗话说”,主语a saying是单数第三人称,一般现在时谓语用goes,故填goes。
38. 系动词stay后需要接形容词作表语,名词health对应的形容词是healthy,stay healthy表示“保持健康”,故填healthy。
39. 此处用动词不定式作目的状语,表达选择正确食物的目的是维持好的身体状态,故填to keep。
40. 修饰实义动词eat需要使用副词,名词health对应的副词形式是healthily,表示“健康地饮食”,故填healthily。
【答案】
31. hottest 32. has 33. the 34. if/because/when 35. to choose 36. kinds 37. goes 38. healthy 39. to keep 40. healthily
【知识点】
形容词最高级,非谓语动词,词性转换
【点评】
本题以中国传统节气相关的三伏天为主题,考点覆盖初中英语核心基础语法,大部分考点都是常规的词形变换、固定搭配,仅第34空需要结合上下文逻辑判断连词,整体兼顾了文化科普性和语法考察的基础性,适合巩固基础语法知识点。
【难度系数】
0.7
五、完成句子(10 分)
41. 运动前我们要先热身。
We need to before doing sports.
42. 根据天气预报,明天会下雨。
the weather report,it will rain tomorrow.
43. 学生们一个接一个地走进了教室。
The students went into the classroom .
44. 你能在写作中加入你的观点吗?
Can you your opinion your writing?
45. 上周我们的学校旅行多么精彩啊!
school trip we had last week!
41. 运动前我们要先热身。
We need to before doing sports.
42. 根据天气预报,明天会下雨。
the weather report,it will rain tomorrow.
43. 学生们一个接一个地走进了教室。
The students went into the classroom .
44. 你能在写作中加入你的观点吗?
Can you your opinion your writing?
45. 上周我们的学校旅行多么精彩啊!
school trip we had last week!
答案
41. warm up 42. According to
43. one by one 44. add; to
45. What a wonderful
43. one by one 44. add; to
45. What a wonderful
解析
【分析】
这道完成句子题主要考查课内核心固定短语和基础英语语法的运用,解题时首先要对照给出的中文句意,精准匹配对应的已学固定表达,同时注意细节规则:比如空格前的动词形式要求(如need to、情态动词can后接动词原形)、句首单词首字母大写的规则,遇到感叹句类题目先判断感叹部分修饰的成分,确定用what还是how引导,再结合名词的单复数补全剩余内容,就能顺利得出答案。
【解析】
41. 表示“热身”的固定英文短语为warm up,空格前need to结构后接动词原形,因此填入warm up。
42. 表示“根据”的固定英文短语为according to,该短语位于句首,首字母需要大写,因此填入According to。
43. 表示“一个接一个”的固定英文短语为one by one,在句中作方式状语,符合句子语义,因此填入one by one。
44. 固定搭配add...to...含义为“把……加入……”,句中情态动词can后需要接动词原形,因此第一空填add,第二空填to。
45. 本句是感叹句,感叹的核心部分是可数名词单数school trip,需要用what引导感叹句,符合结构"What a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数",“精彩的”对应形容词wonderful,以辅音音素开头,搭配不定冠词a,因此填入What a wonderful。
【答案】
41. warm up 42. According to 43. one by one 44. add; to 45. What a wonderful
【知识点】
固定短语识记,感叹句结构,情态动词用法
【点评】
本题全部为初中阶段英语的基础核心考点,侧重考察学生对课本要求背诵的常用短语的积累情况,仅最后一题涉及基础感叹句结构的运用,整体考点常规,只要平时做好课内短语的背诵积累,掌握基础的感叹句规则,就不容易丢分,解题时注意句首单词首字母大写的细节,避免不必要的失分。
【难度系数】
0.8
这道完成句子题主要考查课内核心固定短语和基础英语语法的运用,解题时首先要对照给出的中文句意,精准匹配对应的已学固定表达,同时注意细节规则:比如空格前的动词形式要求(如need to、情态动词can后接动词原形)、句首单词首字母大写的规则,遇到感叹句类题目先判断感叹部分修饰的成分,确定用what还是how引导,再结合名词的单复数补全剩余内容,就能顺利得出答案。
【解析】
41. 表示“热身”的固定英文短语为warm up,空格前need to结构后接动词原形,因此填入warm up。
42. 表示“根据”的固定英文短语为according to,该短语位于句首,首字母需要大写,因此填入According to。
43. 表示“一个接一个”的固定英文短语为one by one,在句中作方式状语,符合句子语义,因此填入one by one。
44. 固定搭配add...to...含义为“把……加入……”,句中情态动词can后需要接动词原形,因此第一空填add,第二空填to。
45. 本句是感叹句,感叹的核心部分是可数名词单数school trip,需要用what引导感叹句,符合结构"What a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数",“精彩的”对应形容词wonderful,以辅音音素开头,搭配不定冠词a,因此填入What a wonderful。
【答案】
41. warm up 42. According to 43. one by one 44. add; to 45. What a wonderful
【知识点】
固定短语识记,感叹句结构,情态动词用法
【点评】
本题全部为初中阶段英语的基础核心考点,侧重考察学生对课本要求背诵的常用短语的积累情况,仅最后一题涉及基础感叹句结构的运用,整体考点常规,只要平时做好课内短语的背诵积累,掌握基础的感叹句规则,就不容易丢分,解题时注意句首单词首字母大写的细节,避免不必要的失分。
【难度系数】
0.8
六、阅读表达(10 分)
阅读下面短文,完成短文后的问题。
One of my least favorite chores is cleaning my bedroom,but I have to do it. If my bedroom is untidy,I find it hard to relax and impossible to do any work! My mom always says “a tidy home means a tidy mind”,and I think this is true. If everything is a mess,you just can't think clearly.
Studies show that people are usually more successful if they work,study,or live in a clean and tidy environment. A study shows that many children with bad behavior(行为) come from messy houses. Children who grow up in dirty houses would probably be unhealthy and they fall sick more often too. This is why people with tidier homes are often healthier and more successful. My mom is a good example of this. She makes sure our home is always very clean and comfortable,so my sister and I hardly ever fall sick. Everyone loves her and she is very successful at her job in a bank.
I am not a naturally tidy person. I sometimes throw my clothes on the floor because I am too tired to put them away,and I often leave rubbish on my desk. It is not easy to keep things clean all the time,but I am trying to develop the habit of tidying up every day. Maybe one day I will be as tidy and successful as my mom! That's my wish too.
46. What does the mother think a tidy home mean?
47. What might cause children's bad behavior according to the study?
48. What environment makes the writer and his sister healthy?
49. What kind of person does the writer wish to be?
50. If your bedroom is messy,what do you plan to do from now on?
阅读下面短文,完成短文后的问题。
One of my least favorite chores is cleaning my bedroom,but I have to do it. If my bedroom is untidy,I find it hard to relax and impossible to do any work! My mom always says “a tidy home means a tidy mind”,and I think this is true. If everything is a mess,you just can't think clearly.
Studies show that people are usually more successful if they work,study,or live in a clean and tidy environment. A study shows that many children with bad behavior(行为) come from messy houses. Children who grow up in dirty houses would probably be unhealthy and they fall sick more often too. This is why people with tidier homes are often healthier and more successful. My mom is a good example of this. She makes sure our home is always very clean and comfortable,so my sister and I hardly ever fall sick. Everyone loves her and she is very successful at her job in a bank.
I am not a naturally tidy person. I sometimes throw my clothes on the floor because I am too tired to put them away,and I often leave rubbish on my desk. It is not easy to keep things clean all the time,but I am trying to develop the habit of tidying up every day. Maybe one day I will be as tidy and successful as my mom! That's my wish too.
46. What does the mother think a tidy home mean?
A tidy mind./It means a tidy mind./She thinks it means a tidy mind.
47. What might cause children's bad behavior according to the study?
Messy houses./Messy houses might cause children's bad behavior.
48. What environment makes the writer and his sister healthy?
A very/Their clean and comfortable home.
49. What kind of person does the writer wish to be?
A tidy and successful person as his mom.
50. If your bedroom is messy,what do you plan to do from now on?
I plan to tidy it twice a week, and keep it tidy.(答案合理即可)
答案
46. A tidy mind./It means a tidy mind./
She thinks it means a tidy mind.
47. Messy houses./Messy houses might
cause children's bad behavior.
48. A very/Their clean and comfortable
home.
49. A tidy and successful person as
his mom.
50. I plan to tidy it twice a week, and
keep it tidy.(答案合理即可)
She thinks it means a tidy mind.
47. Messy houses./Messy houses might
cause children's bad behavior.
48. A very/Their clean and comfortable
home.
49. A tidy and successful person as
his mom.
50. I plan to tidy it twice a week, and
keep it tidy.(答案合理即可)
解析
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文类的阅读表达题,解题思路非常清晰:1. 先通读题干,标记每道题的核心关键词,带着关键词回原文定位对应的语句,绝大多数细节题的答案都可以直接从原文提取,不需要自行编造内容;2. 前4道都是细节理解题,逐一对应原文段落查找匹配信息即可,最后1道是开放性问答,结合生活常识给出符合逻辑、语法正确的回答就可以得分。比如做第46题时,抓住关键词"mother""tidy home mean"直接定位到第一段妈妈说的原话,就能快速得到答案。
【解析】
46. 定位原文第一段第三句"My mom always says “a tidy home means a tidy mind”,and I think this is true.",直接提取妈妈的观点即可。
47. 定位原文第二段第二句"A study shows that many children with bad behavior(行为) come from messy houses.",可知研究表明杂乱的房屋是孩子出现不良行为的诱因。
48. 定位原文第二段倒数第二句"She makes sure our home is always very clean and comfortable,so my sister and I hardly ever fall sick.",可知正是干净舒适的居住环境让作者和妹妹很少生病、保持健康。
49. 定位原文最后一段倒数第二句"Maybe one day I will be as tidy and successful as my mom! That's my wish too.",可知作者的愿望是成为和妈妈一样整洁又成功的人。
50. 本题为开放性试题,回答符合逻辑、表述语法正确,围绕整理卧室的合理计划作答即可。
【答案】
46. A tidy mind./It means a tidy mind./She thinks it means a tidy mind.
47. Messy houses./Messy houses might cause children's bad behavior.
48. A very/Their clean and comfortable home.
49. A tidy and successful person as his mom.
50. I plan to tidy it twice a week, and keep it tidy.(答案合理即可)
【知识点】
英语细节阅读,文本信息提取,开放性语言表达
【点评】
本题整体难度偏低,侧重考察学生的文本信息定位和提取能力,前四道题的答案几乎都可以在原文中直接找到对应内容,不需要复杂的推理,最后一道开放题引导学生联系自身生活实际输出内容,同时传递了保持居住环境整洁的正向生活理念。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇记叙文类的阅读表达题,解题思路非常清晰:1. 先通读题干,标记每道题的核心关键词,带着关键词回原文定位对应的语句,绝大多数细节题的答案都可以直接从原文提取,不需要自行编造内容;2. 前4道都是细节理解题,逐一对应原文段落查找匹配信息即可,最后1道是开放性问答,结合生活常识给出符合逻辑、语法正确的回答就可以得分。比如做第46题时,抓住关键词"mother""tidy home mean"直接定位到第一段妈妈说的原话,就能快速得到答案。
【解析】
46. 定位原文第一段第三句"My mom always says “a tidy home means a tidy mind”,and I think this is true.",直接提取妈妈的观点即可。
47. 定位原文第二段第二句"A study shows that many children with bad behavior(行为) come from messy houses.",可知研究表明杂乱的房屋是孩子出现不良行为的诱因。
48. 定位原文第二段倒数第二句"She makes sure our home is always very clean and comfortable,so my sister and I hardly ever fall sick.",可知正是干净舒适的居住环境让作者和妹妹很少生病、保持健康。
49. 定位原文最后一段倒数第二句"Maybe one day I will be as tidy and successful as my mom! That's my wish too.",可知作者的愿望是成为和妈妈一样整洁又成功的人。
50. 本题为开放性试题,回答符合逻辑、表述语法正确,围绕整理卧室的合理计划作答即可。
【答案】
46. A tidy mind./It means a tidy mind./She thinks it means a tidy mind.
47. Messy houses./Messy houses might cause children's bad behavior.
48. A very/Their clean and comfortable home.
49. A tidy and successful person as his mom.
50. I plan to tidy it twice a week, and keep it tidy.(答案合理即可)
【知识点】
英语细节阅读,文本信息提取,开放性语言表达
【点评】
本题整体难度偏低,侧重考察学生的文本信息定位和提取能力,前四道题的答案几乎都可以在原文中直接找到对应内容,不需要复杂的推理,最后一道开放题引导学生联系自身生活实际输出内容,同时传递了保持居住环境整洁的正向生活理念。
【难度系数】
0.8
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