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五、传统文化阅读与表达。（2025·江苏淮安期中）
阅读短文，回答下列问题。
In China, writing brushes, inksticks, paper and inkstones are called the Four Treasures of the Study.
The writing brushes can be used to draw pictures on painted pottery(陶器). They are mainly made of the hair of animals. Those made of wool are called yanghao and those made of the weasel's(黄鼬的) tail hair are called langhao.
The inkstick is the pigment(颜料) used in writing and painting. The inkstick produced in Huizhou is of high quality. A story goes like this: Two famous skilled men Xi Chao and his son produced a kind of high-quality inkstick. As a result, the emperor Li Yu in the Southern Tang Dynasty agreed to give them the family name "Li". From then on, the name of the Li Inkstick was widespread.
Paper is among the four great inventions in ancient China. The famous xuanzhi appeared in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. In Xuanzhou, Anhui Province, where the xuanzhi is produced, it's said that Cai Lun's pupil Kong Dan took the job of producing paper but failed to make perfect white paper. Later, he happened to see the ebony(黑檀) in the rivers. It was wet with water and turned white. Then he used the bark(树皮) to produce the world-famous xuanzhi.
The inkstone was already very popular in the Han Dynasty. The Ming and Qing Dynasties saw the appearance of the Four Famous Inkstones—Duan Inkstone, She Inkstone, Tao Inkstone and Chengni Inkstone. They can not only be used in writing and painting but also for admiration.
注:每题答案不超过6个词。
1. What are the writing brushes mainly made of?
2. Why did Xi Chao and his son get the family name from the emperor Li Yu?
3. Who was Kong Dan?
4. When did the Four Famous Inkstones appear?
5. What do you think of the Four Treasures of the Study?
阅读短文，回答下列问题。
In China, writing brushes, inksticks, paper and inkstones are called the Four Treasures of the Study.
The writing brushes can be used to draw pictures on painted pottery(陶器). They are mainly made of the hair of animals. Those made of wool are called yanghao and those made of the weasel's(黄鼬的) tail hair are called langhao.
The inkstick is the pigment(颜料) used in writing and painting. The inkstick produced in Huizhou is of high quality. A story goes like this: Two famous skilled men Xi Chao and his son produced a kind of high-quality inkstick. As a result, the emperor Li Yu in the Southern Tang Dynasty agreed to give them the family name "Li". From then on, the name of the Li Inkstick was widespread.
Paper is among the four great inventions in ancient China. The famous xuanzhi appeared in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. In Xuanzhou, Anhui Province, where the xuanzhi is produced, it's said that Cai Lun's pupil Kong Dan took the job of producing paper but failed to make perfect white paper. Later, he happened to see the ebony(黑檀) in the rivers. It was wet with water and turned white. Then he used the bark(树皮) to produce the world-famous xuanzhi.
The inkstone was already very popular in the Han Dynasty. The Ming and Qing Dynasties saw the appearance of the Four Famous Inkstones—Duan Inkstone, She Inkstone, Tao Inkstone and Chengni Inkstone. They can not only be used in writing and painting but also for admiration.
注:每题答案不超过6个词。
1. What are the writing brushes mainly made of?
The hair of animals.
2. Why did Xi Chao and his son get the family name from the emperor Li Yu?
Because they produced a high-quality inkstick.
3. Who was Kong Dan?
Cai Lun's pupil.
4. When did the Four Famous Inkstones appear?
During the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
5. What do you think of the Four Treasures of the Study?
They are useful.(答案不唯一)
答案
1. The hair of animals.
2. Because they produced a high-quality inkstick.
3. Cai Lun's pupil.
4. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
5. They are useful.(答案不唯一)
2. Because they produced a high-quality inkstick.
3. Cai Lun's pupil.
4. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
5. They are useful.(答案不唯一)
解析
【分析】本题为结合中国传统文化的英语阅读理解题，要求根据短文内容回答问题且答案不超过6个词。解题思路为：先通读短文，明确每个问题的核心，再带着问题回原文定位对应段落，找到关键信息后提炼符合字数要求的答案。
【解析】1. 问题1询问毛笔的主要制作材料，定位短文第二段第二句“They are mainly made of the hair of animals.”，直接提取答案；2. 问题2问Xi Chao父子获赐姓的原因，定位第三段“Two famous skilled men Xi Chao and his son produced a kind of high-quality inkstick. As a result, the emperor Li Yu...”，提炼原因；3. 问题3问Kong Dan的身份，定位第四段“it's said that Cai Lun's pupil Kong Dan...”，直接提取；4. 问题4问四大名砚出现的时间，定位第五段“The Ming and Qing Dynasties saw the appearance of the Four Famous Inkstones...”，提取时间；5. 问题5为开放性评价题，结合短文中文房四宝的用途，给出合理评价即可。
【答案】1. The hair of animals.
2. Because they produced a high-quality inkstick.
3. Cai Lun's pupil.
4. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
5. They are useful.
【知识点】阅读理解；传统文化阅读
【点评】本题将英语阅读与中国传统文化知识结合，考查学生信息定位与提炼能力，答案需符合字数限制，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】1. 问题1询问毛笔的主要制作材料，定位短文第二段第二句“They are mainly made of the hair of animals.”，直接提取答案；2. 问题2问Xi Chao父子获赐姓的原因，定位第三段“Two famous skilled men Xi Chao and his son produced a kind of high-quality inkstick. As a result, the emperor Li Yu...”，提炼原因；3. 问题3问Kong Dan的身份，定位第四段“it's said that Cai Lun's pupil Kong Dan...”，直接提取；4. 问题4问四大名砚出现的时间，定位第五段“The Ming and Qing Dynasties saw the appearance of the Four Famous Inkstones...”，提取时间；5. 问题5为开放性评价题，结合短文中文房四宝的用途，给出合理评价即可。
【答案】1. The hair of animals.
2. Because they produced a high-quality inkstick.
3. Cai Lun's pupil.
4. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
5. They are useful.
【知识点】阅读理解；传统文化阅读
【点评】本题将英语阅读与中国传统文化知识结合，考查学生信息定位与提炼能力，答案需符合字数限制，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】0.7
