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四、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
These years,I've clearly noticed the weather is getting strange. Hot summer days last much 19.
Last summer,the park near my home had 22.
TV reports often talk about more droughts or 26.
I know I'm just a student,27.
These years,I've clearly noticed the weather is getting strange. Hot summer days last much 19.
longer
(long),and winter sometimes rains 20. heavily
(heavy). Once,small floods even hit a nearby street. I remember we 21. were eating
(eat) dinner when we heard the warning on the TV.Last summer,the park near my home had 22.
a
bad drought. Most grass turned brown,and the small lake there almost 23. dried
(dry)up. Everyone was busy 24. saving
(save) water:My mum was filling some bottles with water as a preparation,25. while
my father was buying bottled water in the shop in case the tap stops working. That made me realise global warming isn't just a story—it's a real trouble around us.TV reports often talk about more droughts or 26.
floods
(flood) because of it. My neighbourhood friends and I have started doing small things:we pick up litter in the park,and I ride my bike to school instead of asking Dad to drive me.I know I'm just a student,27.
but
small actions count. If everyone tries a little,maybe we can stop the weather 28. from
getting worse. I hope our earth will feel better soon.答案
19.longer 20.heavily 21.were eating 22.a
23.dried 24.saving 25.while 26.floods
27.but 28.from
23.dried 24.saving 25.while 26.floods
27.but 28.from
解析
【分析】
这是一篇语篇型语法填空题，解题时首先要通读全文，把握文章围绕“全球变暖与环保行动”展开的核心主旨，再逐空结合语境提示、语法规则、固定搭配推导答案：首先观察空格前后的修饰关系、时态标志、并列/转折逻辑，先判断空格所需的词性，再结合对应的词形变化规则变形，最后把所有答案代入通读全文，验证语义和逻辑是否通顺，避免出现语法错误。
【解析】
19. 空格前有程度副词much，much通常用于修饰形容词/副词的比较级，表“…得多”，此处表示炎热夏天的持续时间久得多，long的比较级为longer，故填longer。
20. 空格用于修饰动词rains，修饰动词必须使用副词，heavy的副词形式是heavily，rain heavily是固定表达“下大雨”，故填heavily。
21. 此处符合固定结构be doing sth. when...，表示“正在做某事这时突然…”，事件发生在过去，主语是we，对应的be动词用were，eat的现在分词为eating，故填were eating。
22. 此处表达“一场严重的干旱”，drought是可数名词单数，bad以辅音音素开头，表泛指要使用不定冠词a，故填a。
23. 本段描述的是去年夏天发生的事，整体用一般过去时，dry up是固定短语“干涸”，dry的过去式为dried，故填dried。
24. 固定搭配be busy doing sth. 含义为“忙于做某事”，因此动词save要变为动名词形式saving，故填saving。
25. 空格前后分别描述妈妈和爸爸同时进行的两个动作，表并列对比、动作同步发生，用连词while，故填while。
26. 连词or并列前后两个名词，前面是复数形式的more droughts，对应flood也要变为复数floods，表多场洪涝灾害，故填floods。
27. 前半句“我只是一名学生”和后半句“小行动意义重大”是转折关系，用转折连词but，故填but。
28. 固定搭配stop sth. from doing sth. 含义为“阻止某物做某事”，此处指阻止天气变得更差，故填from。
【答案】
19.longer 20.heavily 21.were eating 22.a
23.dried 24.saving 25.while 26.floods
27.but 28.from
【知识点】
词形转换，固定搭配，连词辨析
【点评】
本题围绕全球变暖的生活化主题设题，考点覆盖初中阶段核心语法点，既考查学生对比较级、副词、时态、冠词等基础语法的掌握程度，也要求学生结合上下文逻辑判断连词的选用，难度适中，同时能引导学生建立环保意识，兼具知识性和正向引导性。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇语篇型语法填空题，解题时首先要通读全文，把握文章围绕“全球变暖与环保行动”展开的核心主旨，再逐空结合语境提示、语法规则、固定搭配推导答案：首先观察空格前后的修饰关系、时态标志、并列/转折逻辑，先判断空格所需的词性，再结合对应的词形变化规则变形，最后把所有答案代入通读全文，验证语义和逻辑是否通顺，避免出现语法错误。
【解析】
19. 空格前有程度副词much，much通常用于修饰形容词/副词的比较级，表“…得多”，此处表示炎热夏天的持续时间久得多，long的比较级为longer，故填longer。
20. 空格用于修饰动词rains，修饰动词必须使用副词，heavy的副词形式是heavily，rain heavily是固定表达“下大雨”，故填heavily。
21. 此处符合固定结构be doing sth. when...，表示“正在做某事这时突然…”，事件发生在过去，主语是we，对应的be动词用were，eat的现在分词为eating，故填were eating。
22. 此处表达“一场严重的干旱”，drought是可数名词单数，bad以辅音音素开头，表泛指要使用不定冠词a，故填a。
23. 本段描述的是去年夏天发生的事，整体用一般过去时，dry up是固定短语“干涸”，dry的过去式为dried，故填dried。
24. 固定搭配be busy doing sth. 含义为“忙于做某事”，因此动词save要变为动名词形式saving，故填saving。
25. 空格前后分别描述妈妈和爸爸同时进行的两个动作，表并列对比、动作同步发生，用连词while，故填while。
26. 连词or并列前后两个名词，前面是复数形式的more droughts，对应flood也要变为复数floods，表多场洪涝灾害，故填floods。
27. 前半句“我只是一名学生”和后半句“小行动意义重大”是转折关系，用转折连词but，故填but。
28. 固定搭配stop sth. from doing sth. 含义为“阻止某物做某事”，此处指阻止天气变得更差，故填from。
【答案】
19.longer 20.heavily 21.were eating 22.a
23.dried 24.saving 25.while 26.floods
27.but 28.from
【知识点】
词形转换，固定搭配，连词辨析
【点评】
本题围绕全球变暖的生活化主题设题，考点覆盖初中阶段核心语法点，既考查学生对比较级、副词、时态、冠词等基础语法的掌握程度，也要求学生结合上下文逻辑判断连词的选用，难度适中，同时能引导学生建立环保意识，兼具知识性和正向引导性。
【难度系数】
0.7
五、书面表达。
29.地球滋养了人类,而我们同样需要敬畏自然。自然灾害不可避免,你听说过或经历过什么自然灾害? 请你根据思维导图提示,写一篇题为“A Terrible Disaster”的80词左右的英语短文。
A Terrible Disaster
Life is unpredictable,and so is the nature.
29.地球滋养了人类,而我们同样需要敬畏自然。自然灾害不可避免,你听说过或经历过什么自然灾害? 请你根据思维导图提示,写一篇题为“A Terrible Disaster”的80词左右的英语短文。
A Terrible Disaster
Life is unpredictable,and so is the nature.
For me,an unforgettable disaster was a
flood.
Last summer, a heavy rainstorm hit my
city,and it led to a heavy flood. At first,it just
couldn't stop raining. The clouds were dark,
and the wind blew strongly. However, we
didn't expect it to be such a serious disaster.
Later,the community warned us of the coming
flood,so we stayed at home quietly. The water
rose really quickly,and I could only sit on the
table to avoid getting wet. My family were
scared too,but we encouraged each other to
keep calm.
After a night's waiting,the flood finally
went down. My family and I spent almost a
week cleaning up the water and mud in our
house. My neighbours also helped each other
with the cleaning of the community.
It was so scary but it also taught me not
to panic in the face of a disaster. Meanwhile,I
learned that kindness and unity can help us
get through hard times easily.
flood.
Last summer, a heavy rainstorm hit my
city,and it led to a heavy flood. At first,it just
couldn't stop raining. The clouds were dark,
and the wind blew strongly. However, we
didn't expect it to be such a serious disaster.
Later,the community warned us of the coming
flood,so we stayed at home quietly. The water
rose really quickly,and I could only sit on the
table to avoid getting wet. My family were
scared too,but we encouraged each other to
keep calm.
After a night's waiting,the flood finally
went down. My family and I spent almost a
week cleaning up the water and mud in our
house. My neighbours also helped each other
with the cleaning of the community.
It was so scary but it also taught me not
to panic in the face of a disaster. Meanwhile,I
learned that kindness and unity can help us
get through hard times easily.
答案
29. A Terrible Disaster
Life is unpredictable, and so is the
nature. For me,an unforgettable disaster was a
flood.
Last summer, a heavy rainstorm hit my
city,and it led to a heavy flood. At first,it just
couldn't stop raining. The clouds were dark,
and the wind blew strongly. However, we
didn't expect it to be such a serious disaster.
Later,the community warned us of the coming
flood,so we stayed at home quietly. The water
rose really quickly,and I could only sit on the
table to avoid getting wet. My family were
scared too,but we encouraged each other to
keep calm.
After a night's waiting,the flood finally
went down. My family and I spent almost a
week cleaning up the water and mud in our
house. My neighbours also helped each other
with the cleaning of the community.
It was so scary but it also taught me not
to panic in the face of a disaster. Meanwhile,I
learned that kindness and unity can help us
get through hard times easily.
Life is unpredictable, and so is the
nature. For me,an unforgettable disaster was a
flood.
Last summer, a heavy rainstorm hit my
city,and it led to a heavy flood. At first,it just
couldn't stop raining. The clouds were dark,
and the wind blew strongly. However, we
didn't expect it to be such a serious disaster.
Later,the community warned us of the coming
flood,so we stayed at home quietly. The water
rose really quickly,and I could only sit on the
table to avoid getting wet. My family were
scared too,but we encouraged each other to
keep calm.
After a night's waiting,the flood finally
went down. My family and I spent almost a
week cleaning up the water and mud in our
house. My neighbours also helped each other
with the cleaning of the community.
It was so scary but it also taught me not
to panic in the face of a disaster. Meanwhile,I
learned that kindness and unity can help us
get through hard times easily.
解析
【分析】
拿到这道书面表达题，首先先梳理思维导图给出的全部写作要素：首先要明确灾害的基础信息，包括灾害名称、发生时间、发生地点等；其次要按照事件的时间顺序，分别叙述灾害来临前、灾害发生过程中、灾害结束后的相关经历；最后补充自己的真实感受与得到的启示。写作时注意描述过去发生的事件统一使用一般过去时，叙事逻辑清晰，要点不遗漏，贴合“敬畏自然、灾难面前互助前行”的主题，保证语句通顺符合英语表达习惯。
【解析】
1. 开篇点题：承接给出的开头句，直接点明自己印象最深刻的灾害是一场洪水，快速切入主题。
2. 交代基础背景：说明灾害发生的时间是去年夏天，发生地点是自己居住的城市，点明灾害由特大暴雨引发，把Name、Time、Place等基础要素全部覆盖。
3. 按时间线展开事件：
① 灾害前（before）：描写持续降雨、乌云密布狂风大作的场景，说明一开始大家没预料到灾害的严重性，收到社区预警后居家避险；
② 灾害中（during）：描写水位快速上涨的危急场景，说明自己和家人虽然害怕但互相鼓励保持冷静，还原灾害发生时的真实状态；
③ 灾害后（after）：描写洪水退去后，全家清理家中积水淤泥，邻里之间互相帮忙清理社区的后续情况。
4. 收尾升华：抒发自己的感悟，点明灾害虽然可怕，但教会自己面对灾害不要慌乱，善意与团结能帮助我们渡过难关，呼应主题。
【答案】
29. A Terrible Disaster
Life is unpredictable, and so is the nature. For me,an unforgettable disaster was a flood.
Last summer, a heavy rainstorm hit my city,and it led to a heavy flood. At first,it just couldn't stop raining. The clouds were dark,and the wind blew strongly. However, we didn't expect it to be such a serious disaster. Later,the community warned us of the coming flood,so we stayed at home quietly. The water rose really quickly,and I could only sit on the table to avoid getting wet. My family were scared too,but we encouraged each other to keep calm.
After a night's waiting,the flood finally went down. My family and I spent almost a week cleaning up the water and mud in our house. My neighbours also helped each other with the cleaning of the community.
It was so scary but it also taught me not to panic in the face of a disaster. Meanwhile,I learned that kindness and unity can help us get through hard times easily.
【知识点】
英语记叙文写作，一般过去时运用，灾害话题表达
【点评】
本篇短文完全覆盖思维导图给出的所有写作要点，叙事逻辑清晰，严格按照灾害前、灾害中、灾害后的时间线推进，细节真实有代入感，时态使用准确规范，最后的感悟贴合“敬畏自然、团结互助”的核心主题，语句流畅自然，是一篇符合要求的优秀记叙文。
【难度系数】
0.6
拿到这道书面表达题，首先先梳理思维导图给出的全部写作要素：首先要明确灾害的基础信息，包括灾害名称、发生时间、发生地点等；其次要按照事件的时间顺序，分别叙述灾害来临前、灾害发生过程中、灾害结束后的相关经历；最后补充自己的真实感受与得到的启示。写作时注意描述过去发生的事件统一使用一般过去时，叙事逻辑清晰，要点不遗漏，贴合“敬畏自然、灾难面前互助前行”的主题，保证语句通顺符合英语表达习惯。
【解析】
1. 开篇点题：承接给出的开头句，直接点明自己印象最深刻的灾害是一场洪水，快速切入主题。
2. 交代基础背景：说明灾害发生的时间是去年夏天，发生地点是自己居住的城市，点明灾害由特大暴雨引发，把Name、Time、Place等基础要素全部覆盖。
3. 按时间线展开事件：
① 灾害前（before）：描写持续降雨、乌云密布狂风大作的场景，说明一开始大家没预料到灾害的严重性，收到社区预警后居家避险；
② 灾害中（during）：描写水位快速上涨的危急场景，说明自己和家人虽然害怕但互相鼓励保持冷静，还原灾害发生时的真实状态；
③ 灾害后（after）：描写洪水退去后，全家清理家中积水淤泥，邻里之间互相帮忙清理社区的后续情况。
4. 收尾升华：抒发自己的感悟，点明灾害虽然可怕，但教会自己面对灾害不要慌乱，善意与团结能帮助我们渡过难关，呼应主题。
【答案】
29. A Terrible Disaster
Life is unpredictable, and so is the nature. For me,an unforgettable disaster was a flood.
Last summer, a heavy rainstorm hit my city,and it led to a heavy flood. At first,it just couldn't stop raining. The clouds were dark,and the wind blew strongly. However, we didn't expect it to be such a serious disaster. Later,the community warned us of the coming flood,so we stayed at home quietly. The water rose really quickly,and I could only sit on the table to avoid getting wet. My family were scared too,but we encouraged each other to keep calm.
After a night's waiting,the flood finally went down. My family and I spent almost a week cleaning up the water and mud in our house. My neighbours also helped each other with the cleaning of the community.
It was so scary but it also taught me not to panic in the face of a disaster. Meanwhile,I learned that kindness and unity can help us get through hard times easily.
【知识点】
英语记叙文写作，一般过去时运用，灾害话题表达
【点评】
本篇短文完全覆盖思维导图给出的所有写作要点，叙事逻辑清晰，严格按照灾害前、灾害中、灾害后的时间线推进，细节真实有代入感，时态使用准确规范，最后的感悟贴合“敬畏自然、团结互助”的核心主题，语句流畅自然，是一篇符合要求的优秀记叙文。
【难度系数】
0.6
