一、词汇运用
A. 将方框中所给词语的适当形式填入短文中,每词仅用一次。
hero, detail, with, endless, create, learn from
Li Shizhen walked for many years across China to study plants and medicine.
He believed that anybody could
1. nature if they observed carefully. He would touch the plants
2. great gentleness, often listening softly to the wind in the leaves. His journey seemed
3. , taking him over mountains and through valleys. He made it his mission to write down every
4. about their healing powers.
Through his hard work, he
5. a great book that helped countless people. He remains a(n)
6. of science and exploration.
B. 阅读下面短文,根据括号内所给汉语

1. learn from 2. with 3. endless
4. detail 5. created 6. hero

【分析】
先通读短文理解讲述李时珍的事迹，再结合方框内词汇的词义、词性，根据每个空格的语境、语法规则（如情态动词后接原形、介词搭配、时态、词性等）逐一选择合适的词，同时注意动词的形式变化，确保每个词仅用一次。
【解析】
1. 空格前有情态动词could，需接动词原形，结合语境“向自然学习”，选动词短语learn from；
2. 此处表示“带着极大的温柔”，用介词with构成固定搭配with great gentleness，符合语境；
3. 系动词seemed后需接形容词作表语，结合“旅程漫长”的语境，选形容词endless；
4. every后需接可数名词单数，结合“写下关于治愈能力的细节”，选名词detail；
5. 短文叙述过去的事，谓语动词需用过去式，结合“创造书籍”的语境，选create的过去式created；
6. 不定冠词a(n)后需接名词，结合“科学和探索的英雄”，选名词hero，所有词仅用一次，符合要求。
【答案】
1. learn from 2. with 3. endless 4. detail 5. created 6. hero
【知识点】
词汇运用、动词形式变化、介词搭配
【点评】
本题为基础选词填空题，考查学生对词汇的词义、词性及语境运用的掌握，需结合上下文和语法规则选择合适的词，注意动词时态变化，整体难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.3

B. 阅读下面短文,根据括号内所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式(每空一词)。
In our universe, many mysteries remain. Scientists work hard to
7. (理解) how space and time behave. One famous idea explains this very well. It involves a(n)
8. (特殊的) way of finding
answers about the cosmos. This brilliant
9. (方法) was put forward by a great thinker. His theory
10. (表明) that the rules of physics are the same for everyone, everywhere. This was a strong
11. (论点) that changed science forever. Before this, people had a common 12. (观点) that time was fixed and absolute(绝对的).
However, his new 13. (模型) of the universe proved this was not true. It suggested that even time can stretch(延伸) and change. This concept keeps the spirit of scientific curiosity
14. (有活力的). It pushes us to explore the great 15. (未知的) parts of our reality, inspiring everyone to look up at the stars and wonder.

7. understand 8. special 9. method
10. showed 11. argument 12. belief
13. model 14. alive 15. unknown

【分析】本题为英语词汇运用题，要求根据汉语提示写出单词的正确形式。解题思路为：1. 通读短文把握整体语境；2. 分析每个空缺处的句子成分，确定所需单词的词性；3. 若为动词，结合语境判断时态等形式变化；4. 核对单词拼写，确保符合语境要求。
【解析】7. 空前为不定式符号to，后接动词原形，“理解”对应单词understand；8. 空后为名词way，需用形容词修饰，“特殊的”对应special；9. 空前为不定冠词a(n)，需填名词，“方法”对应method；10. 此处描述过去的理论内容，动词需用过去式，“表明”的过去式为showed；11. 空前为形容词strong，后接名词，“论点”对应argument；12. 空前为形容词common，后接名词，“观点”对应belief；13. 空前为形容词new，后接名词，“模型”对应model；14. 此处为固定搭配keep sth + adj.，“有活力的”对应alive；15. 空后为名词parts，需用形容词修饰，“未知的”对应unknown。
【答案】7. understand 8. special 9. method 10. showed 11. argument 12. belief 13. model 14. alive 15. unknown
【知识点】英语词汇运用、词性判断、动词时态
【点评】本题考查基础英语词汇的拼写与运用，结合语境确定单词形式，难度较低，侧重考查学生对常用词汇的掌握程度。
【难度系数】0.8

二、语法填空
In the world of science, Sir Isaac Newton gave us powerful tools to learn motion(运动).
His work began with simple observations, like 16. apple falling from a tree. This event led him 17. (think) deeply about the forces(力) controlling our world. He wondered 18.
invisible(看不见的) rules made the moon orbit the earth 19. the apple drop downward.
20. (study) these patterns made him develop his famous laws. These laws describe how objects move and 21. (explain) the relationship between force and motion.
22. centuries, scientists have used 23. (they) knowledge of Newton's ideas to make amazing predictions. They can calculate the paths of 24. (planet) with great accuracy. His principles are much 25. (simple) and more fundamental than many modern concepts. This foundational work opened the door to exploring the solar system.

16. an 17. to think 18. what 19. and
20. Studying 21. explain 22. For
23. their 24. planets 25. simpler

【分析】做本题时，需先通读全文把握主旨，再结合每个空格的语法规则、固定搭配及上下文语境逐一分析。具体思路：1. 第16空需填冠词修饰可数名词单数apple，表泛指且apple以元音音素开头；2. 第17空考查固定搭配lead sb to do sth；3. 第18空需填宾语从句引导词，从句缺表“什么”的内容；4. 第19空连接两个并列动作，表并列关系；5. 第20空动词作主语需用动名词；6. 第21空与前面的describe并列作谓语；7. 第22空考查固定搭配for centuries；8. 第23空需用形容词性物主代词修饰名词；9. 第24空planet表多个行星需用复数；10. 第25空由than可知需用形容词比较级。
【解析】
16. 此处泛指“一个苹果”，apple是以元音音素开头的可数名词单数，故填an。
17. 固定搭配lead sb to do sth意为“引导某人做某事”，故填to think。
18. 此处引导wonder后的宾语从句，从句缺少表示“什么”的内容，故填what。
19. 连接两个并列的动作“月球绕地球运行”和“苹果下落”，表并列关系，故填and。
20. 动词作主语需用动名词形式，study的动名词为studying，句首首字母大写，故填Studying。
21. 此处与前面的describe并列作谓语，主语laws为复数，时态为一般现在时，故填explain。
22. 固定搭配for centuries意为“几个世纪以来”，句首首字母大写，故填For。
23. 此处修饰名词knowledge，需用形容词性物主代词，they的形容词性物主代词为their，故填their。
24. planet是可数名词，此处指多个行星，需用复数形式，故填planets。
25. 由后面的than可知，此处需用形容词比较级，simple的比较级为simpler，故填simpler。
【答案】16. an 17. to think 18. what 19. and 20. Studying 21. explain 22. For 23. their 24. planets 25. simpler
【知识点】冠词用法、非谓语动词、形容词比较级
【点评】本题为高中英语基础语法填空题，考查核心基础语法点，需结合语法规则与语境分析，难度适中，适合中等水平学生巩固基础。
【难度系数】0.6