五、阅读短文,在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词,或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
Vienna is a beautiful old city on the River Danube in the centre of Europe. It's 1 capital city of Austria. In the 2 (eighteen) century, a lot of musicians came to study and work in Vienna.
In the Strauss family, there were two composers 3 (call) Johann Strauss: the father and the son. The father, Johann Strauss the elder, 4 (write) and played music for traditional dances, called the waltz. His dance music 5 (make) him famous all over Europe. The son, Johann Strauss the younger, was also very successful and popular.
Mozart was another very important composer. He was born in Austria in 1756. Before he was six, he played not only the piano 6 also the violin. His family took him around Europe and he 7 (give) concerts in many cities. He wrote 8 (hundred) of wonderful pieces of music. But he died in 1791 9 the age of thirty-five. Like Johann Strauss, father and son, he was a great European musician, and many people still think 10 (he) music is perfect.
1.
6.
Vienna is a beautiful old city on the River Danube in the centre of Europe. It's 1 capital city of Austria. In the 2 (eighteen) century, a lot of musicians came to study and work in Vienna.
In the Strauss family, there were two composers 3 (call) Johann Strauss: the father and the son. The father, Johann Strauss the elder, 4 (write) and played music for traditional dances, called the waltz. His dance music 5 (make) him famous all over Europe. The son, Johann Strauss the younger, was also very successful and popular.
Mozart was another very important composer. He was born in Austria in 1756. Before he was six, he played not only the piano 6 also the violin. His family took him around Europe and he 7 (give) concerts in many cities. He wrote 8 (hundred) of wonderful pieces of music. But he died in 1791 9 the age of thirty-five. Like Johann Strauss, father and son, he was a great European musician, and many people still think 10 (he) music is perfect.
1.
the
2. eighteenth
3. called
4. wrote
5. made
6.
but
7. gave
8. hundreds
9. at
10. his
答案
五、1. the 2. eighteenth 3. called 4. wrote 5. made 6. but 7. gave 8. hundreds 9. at 10. his
解析
【分析】
这是一篇基础语法填空题,解题时首先要通读全文,明确短文介绍的是维也纳的著名音乐家施特劳斯父子和莫扎特的生平事迹,整体叙事时态为一般过去时。接下来逐个结合语法规则、固定搭配、语境逻辑推导每个空的答案:首先判断空格处需要的词性,再结合对应的语法变形规则推导正确形式,最后填完后通读全文验证逻辑通顺、形式正确即可。
【解析】
1. 空后"capital city of Austria"是特指奥地利的首都,定冠词the用于限定特指的独一无二的事物,因此填the。
2. 表达“在第多少世纪”需要用序数词修饰century,eighteen对应的序数词是eighteenth,构成固定表达in the eighteenth century“在十八世纪”。
3. 空格处修饰名词composers,二者是逻辑被动关系,意为“被叫做Johann Strauss的作曲家”,用过去分词called作后置定语表被动。
4. 全文叙事为一般过去时,and后并列的动词played是过去式,write的过去式为wrote。
5. 本句依然是叙述过去发生的事件,时态为一般过去时,make的过去式为made。
6. 此处是固定并列搭配not only...but also...,意为“不但……而且……”,因此填but。
7. 句子时态为一般过去时,and前并列的动词took是take的过去式,give的过去式为gave。
8. 表达概数“成百上千的”时,固定搭配为hundreds of,hundred需要加s,因此填hundreds。
9. 固定介词短语at the age of意为“在……岁时”,是固定用法,因此填at。
10. 空后是名词music,需要用形容词性物主代词修饰名词,人称代词he对应的形容词性物主代词是his。
【答案】
1. the 2. eighteenth 3. called 4. wrote 5. made 6. but 7. gave 8. hundreds 9. at 10. his
【知识点】
词形转换,固定短语搭配,动词时态
【点评】
本题属于初中阶段的基础语法填空题型,考点覆盖冠词、数词、非谓语动词、一般过去时、物主代词等核心基础语法点,同时融入了西方古典音乐的文化常识,整体考点常规,适合学生巩固基础语法知识,梳理常见固定搭配的用法。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇基础语法填空题,解题时首先要通读全文,明确短文介绍的是维也纳的著名音乐家施特劳斯父子和莫扎特的生平事迹,整体叙事时态为一般过去时。接下来逐个结合语法规则、固定搭配、语境逻辑推导每个空的答案:首先判断空格处需要的词性,再结合对应的语法变形规则推导正确形式,最后填完后通读全文验证逻辑通顺、形式正确即可。
【解析】
1. 空后"capital city of Austria"是特指奥地利的首都,定冠词the用于限定特指的独一无二的事物,因此填the。
2. 表达“在第多少世纪”需要用序数词修饰century,eighteen对应的序数词是eighteenth,构成固定表达in the eighteenth century“在十八世纪”。
3. 空格处修饰名词composers,二者是逻辑被动关系,意为“被叫做Johann Strauss的作曲家”,用过去分词called作后置定语表被动。
4. 全文叙事为一般过去时,and后并列的动词played是过去式,write的过去式为wrote。
5. 本句依然是叙述过去发生的事件,时态为一般过去时,make的过去式为made。
6. 此处是固定并列搭配not only...but also...,意为“不但……而且……”,因此填but。
7. 句子时态为一般过去时,and前并列的动词took是take的过去式,give的过去式为gave。
8. 表达概数“成百上千的”时,固定搭配为hundreds of,hundred需要加s,因此填hundreds。
9. 固定介词短语at the age of意为“在……岁时”,是固定用法,因此填at。
10. 空后是名词music,需要用形容词性物主代词修饰名词,人称代词he对应的形容词性物主代词是his。
【答案】
1. the 2. eighteenth 3. called 4. wrote 5. made 6. but 7. gave 8. hundreds 9. at 10. his
【知识点】
词形转换,固定短语搭配,动词时态
【点评】
本题属于初中阶段的基础语法填空题型,考点覆盖冠词、数词、非谓语动词、一般过去时、物主代词等核心基础语法点,同时融入了西方古典音乐的文化常识,整体考点常规,适合学生巩固基础语法知识,梳理常见固定搭配的用法。
【难度系数】
0.7
六、完形填空。
Burano is a beautiful island in Italy. It is one of the most colourful places in the world. It is popular 1 visitors from all over the world. Lots of visitors 2 to visit it when they are free.
When you visit Burano, you can see lots of 3 in bright colours. When you are walking there, you may think you are 4 in a fairy world. Every house is beautiful and it 5 a castle(城堡).
The people there can 6 their houses in bright colours. But all the houses must 7 a special colour pattern(模式). 8 you paint your house, you must ask the government first. The government will 9 you the certain colour that you can use. There are some other interesting 10. For example, if your neighbour's house is red, the government won't 11 you to paint your house red. You have to choose a different 12.
For the people there, painting 13 houses has become a tradition. In the past, most of the people there were fishermen. They painted their houses in 14 colours. So the fishermen could see their houses in the fog 15. Colours were useful in their life.
(
B. in
C. with
D. of
(
B. choose
C. hate
D. mind
(
B. countries
C. houses
D. villages
(
B. climbing
C. jumping
D. falling
(
B. looks up
C. looks after
D. looks like
(
B. wash
C. paint
D. build
(
B. follow
C. forget
D. point
(
B. Before
C. Unless
D. Until
(
B. speak
C. tell
D. talk
(
B. rules
C. prizes
D. meanings
(
B. drive
C. make
D. think
(
B. colour
C. shape
D. kind
(
B. his
C. her
D. their
(
B. heavy
C. bright
D. light
(
B. loudly
C. clearly
D. quietly
Burano is a beautiful island in Italy. It is one of the most colourful places in the world. It is popular 1 visitors from all over the world. Lots of visitors 2 to visit it when they are free.
When you visit Burano, you can see lots of 3 in bright colours. When you are walking there, you may think you are 4 in a fairy world. Every house is beautiful and it 5 a castle(城堡).
The people there can 6 their houses in bright colours. But all the houses must 7 a special colour pattern(模式). 8 you paint your house, you must ask the government first. The government will 9 you the certain colour that you can use. There are some other interesting 10. For example, if your neighbour's house is red, the government won't 11 you to paint your house red. You have to choose a different 12.
For the people there, painting 13 houses has become a tradition. In the past, most of the people there were fishermen. They painted their houses in 14 colours. So the fishermen could see their houses in the fog 15. Colours were useful in their life.
(
C
)1. A. betweenB. in
C. with
D. of
(
B
)2. A. actB. choose
C. hate
D. mind
(
C
)3. A. citiesB. countries
C. houses
D. villages
(
A
)4. A. walkingB. climbing
C. jumping
D. falling
(
D
)5. A. looks aroundB. looks up
C. looks after
D. looks like
(
C
)6. A. cleanB. wash
C. paint
D. build
(
B
)7. A. loseB. follow
C. forget
D. point
(
B
)8. A. AfterB. Before
C. Unless
D. Until
(
C
)9. A. sayB. speak
C. tell
D. talk
(
B
)10. A. lessonsB. rules
C. prizes
D. meanings
(
A
)11. A. allowB. drive
C. make
D. think
(
B
)12. A. sizeB. colour
C. shape
D. kind
(
D
)13. A. ourB. his
C. her
D. their
(
C
)14. A. darkB. heavy
C. bright
D. light
(
C
)15. A. hardlyB. loudly
C. clearly
D. quietly
答案
六、1. C 【点拨】be popular with 受……欢迎。故选 C。
2. B 【点拨】根据语境可知,许多游客选择去布拉诺岛参观。故选 B。
3. C 【点拨】根据下文“Every house is beautiful”可知,此处指的是房子。故选 C。
4. A 【点拨】根据上句“When you are walking there”可知,此处指像在童话世界里漫步。故选 A。
5. D 【点拨】根据语境可知,此处表示房子看起来像城堡。故选 D。
6. C 【点拨】根据语境可知,此处指给房子涂颜色。故选 C。
7. B 【点拨】根据语境可知,要遵循一种政府允许的特殊的颜色模式。故选 B。
8. B 【点拨】根据语境可知,是在给房子上色之前得先问政府。故选 B。
9. C 【点拨】tell sb sth 告诉某人某事。故选 C。
10. B 【点拨】根据下文的解释可知,如果邻居的房子刷了红色,政府就不会允许你的房子刷红色,故此处指得遵循一些规则。故选 B。
11. A 【点拨】根据语境可知,如果邻居的房子刷了红色,政府就不会允许你的房子刷红色。故选 A。
12. B 【点拨】根据语境及上文可知,当政府不允许你的房子刷红色时,你得选择另一种颜色。故选 B。
13. D 【点拨】根据“For local people there”可知,是刷他们的房子。故选 D。
14. C 【点拨】根据“So the fishermen could see their houses in the fog”以及前文多次提及的 bright colours 可知,此处指明亮的颜色。故选 C。
15. C 【点拨】根据语境可知,刷上明亮的颜色是为了在雾中可以清晰地看到他们的房子。故选 C。
2. B 【点拨】根据语境可知,许多游客选择去布拉诺岛参观。故选 B。
3. C 【点拨】根据下文“Every house is beautiful”可知,此处指的是房子。故选 C。
4. A 【点拨】根据上句“When you are walking there”可知,此处指像在童话世界里漫步。故选 A。
5. D 【点拨】根据语境可知,此处表示房子看起来像城堡。故选 D。
6. C 【点拨】根据语境可知,此处指给房子涂颜色。故选 C。
7. B 【点拨】根据语境可知,要遵循一种政府允许的特殊的颜色模式。故选 B。
8. B 【点拨】根据语境可知,是在给房子上色之前得先问政府。故选 B。
9. C 【点拨】tell sb sth 告诉某人某事。故选 C。
10. B 【点拨】根据下文的解释可知,如果邻居的房子刷了红色,政府就不会允许你的房子刷红色,故此处指得遵循一些规则。故选 B。
11. A 【点拨】根据语境可知,如果邻居的房子刷了红色,政府就不会允许你的房子刷红色。故选 A。
12. B 【点拨】根据语境及上文可知,当政府不允许你的房子刷红色时,你得选择另一种颜色。故选 B。
13. D 【点拨】根据“For local people there”可知,是刷他们的房子。故选 D。
14. C 【点拨】根据“So the fishermen could see their houses in the fog”以及前文多次提及的 bright colours 可知,此处指明亮的颜色。故选 C。
15. C 【点拨】根据语境可知,刷上明亮的颜色是为了在雾中可以清晰地看到他们的房子。故选 C。
解析
【分析】
做完形填空首先要通读全文,明确本文是介绍意大利著名彩色小岛布拉诺的基本情况,重点讲解当地房屋涂色的特殊规则以及涂刷亮色的历史由来。逐空解题时,优先调用学过的固定短语搭配快速解题,比如第1空的be popular with是固定搭配可直接选出答案;其余题目要多联系上下文的线索提示,结合前后出现的house、paint、bright colour等关键词前后呼应,排除不符合语境的选项,同时结合逻辑关系判断动作先后、代词指代等内容,就能顺利选出所有正确答案。
【解析】
1. 考查固定搭配,be popular with是固定短语,意为“受……欢迎”,句意为这座小岛受到来自世界各地游客的喜爱,其余介词无法和popular构成符合语义的搭配,选C。
2. 考查动词词义辨析,前文提到小岛知名度高很受欢迎,因此很多游客空闲时会选择去这里参观,act行动、hate讨厌、mind介意都不符合语境,选B。
3. 考查名词辨析,根据后文出现的“Every house is beautiful”的明确提示,可知此处指岛上有很多色彩鲜亮的房子,城市、国家、村庄均不符合上下文描述,选C。
4. 考查动词辨析,前半句提到“When you are walking there”,对应此处含义是你会觉得自己正漫步在童话世界里,攀爬、跳跃、掉落都不符合行走在岛上的语境,选A。
5. 考查动词短语辨析,句意为每栋房子都十分漂亮,看起来就像一座城堡,环顾四周、查阅/向上看、照顾都不符合语义,look like意为“看起来像”,符合语境,选D。
6. 考查动词辨析,后文提到给房屋涂刷指定颜色的相关规则,因此此处指当地人可以给自己的房子涂上鲜亮的颜色,打扫、清洗、建造均不符合语境,选C。
7. 考查动词辨析,句意为所有房屋的涂色都必须遵守特殊的色彩模式,丢失、忘记、指向都不符合语义,follow意为“遵循、遵守”,符合要求,选B。
8. 考查连词辨析,按照逻辑,给房子刷漆之前需要先向政府报备,在……之后、除非、直到都不符合动作先后的逻辑关系,before在……之前,选B。
9. 考查动词辨析,tell sb. sth.是固定用法,意为“告诉某人某事”,句意为政府会告知你可以使用的特定颜色,say后常接直接引语/说的具体内容,speak后常接语种,talk是不及物动词需搭配介词使用,选C。
10. 考查名词辨析,后文介绍了不能和邻居家房屋颜色重复的要求,属于当地的涂色规则,课程、奖品、含义都不符合语境,选B。
11. 考查动词辨析,句意为如果邻居家的房子是红色,政府不会允许你把自己的房子也刷成红色,allow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”,驾驶、使役动词make后接不带to的不定式、认为都不符合用法和语义,选A。
12. 考查名词辨析,前文明确说明不能使用和邻居一样的红色,因此你必须选择一个不同的颜色,尺寸、形状、种类都不符合语境,选B。
13. 考查代词辨析,此处指代前文提到的“当地的人们”,对应的形容词性物主代词是their“他们的”,我们的、他的、她的都不符合指代逻辑,选D。
14. 考查形容词辨析,前文多次提到bright colours,同时后文说明是为了方便渔民在雾里识别房屋,因此这里指把房子涂成鲜亮的颜色,昏暗的、沉重的、浅淡的都不符合语义,选C。
15. 考查副词辨析,涂刷鲜亮颜色的目的是让渔民在雾中也能清晰地看到自己的房子,几乎不、大声地、安静地都不符合语境,clearly清晰地,选C。
【答案】
1-5 CBCAD 6-10 CBBCB 11-15 ABDCC
【知识点】
固定短语搭配,动词词义辨析,语境逻辑推理
【点评】
这是一篇介绍异域特色文化的记叙文,整体话题贴近生活,考点侧重基础的词义辨析和常用固定搭配,绝大多数题目都能在上下文中找到对应的提示线索,做完形填空时要注意不要脱离全文语义孤立判断单个空,学会利用前后文的呼应信息辅助解题,能大幅提升解题正确率。
【难度系数】
0.7
做完形填空首先要通读全文,明确本文是介绍意大利著名彩色小岛布拉诺的基本情况,重点讲解当地房屋涂色的特殊规则以及涂刷亮色的历史由来。逐空解题时,优先调用学过的固定短语搭配快速解题,比如第1空的be popular with是固定搭配可直接选出答案;其余题目要多联系上下文的线索提示,结合前后出现的house、paint、bright colour等关键词前后呼应,排除不符合语境的选项,同时结合逻辑关系判断动作先后、代词指代等内容,就能顺利选出所有正确答案。
【解析】
1. 考查固定搭配,be popular with是固定短语,意为“受……欢迎”,句意为这座小岛受到来自世界各地游客的喜爱,其余介词无法和popular构成符合语义的搭配,选C。
2. 考查动词词义辨析,前文提到小岛知名度高很受欢迎,因此很多游客空闲时会选择去这里参观,act行动、hate讨厌、mind介意都不符合语境,选B。
3. 考查名词辨析,根据后文出现的“Every house is beautiful”的明确提示,可知此处指岛上有很多色彩鲜亮的房子,城市、国家、村庄均不符合上下文描述,选C。
4. 考查动词辨析,前半句提到“When you are walking there”,对应此处含义是你会觉得自己正漫步在童话世界里,攀爬、跳跃、掉落都不符合行走在岛上的语境,选A。
5. 考查动词短语辨析,句意为每栋房子都十分漂亮,看起来就像一座城堡,环顾四周、查阅/向上看、照顾都不符合语义,look like意为“看起来像”,符合语境,选D。
6. 考查动词辨析,后文提到给房屋涂刷指定颜色的相关规则,因此此处指当地人可以给自己的房子涂上鲜亮的颜色,打扫、清洗、建造均不符合语境,选C。
7. 考查动词辨析,句意为所有房屋的涂色都必须遵守特殊的色彩模式,丢失、忘记、指向都不符合语义,follow意为“遵循、遵守”,符合要求,选B。
8. 考查连词辨析,按照逻辑,给房子刷漆之前需要先向政府报备,在……之后、除非、直到都不符合动作先后的逻辑关系,before在……之前,选B。
9. 考查动词辨析,tell sb. sth.是固定用法,意为“告诉某人某事”,句意为政府会告知你可以使用的特定颜色,say后常接直接引语/说的具体内容,speak后常接语种,talk是不及物动词需搭配介词使用,选C。
10. 考查名词辨析,后文介绍了不能和邻居家房屋颜色重复的要求,属于当地的涂色规则,课程、奖品、含义都不符合语境,选B。
11. 考查动词辨析,句意为如果邻居家的房子是红色,政府不会允许你把自己的房子也刷成红色,allow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”,驾驶、使役动词make后接不带to的不定式、认为都不符合用法和语义,选A。
12. 考查名词辨析,前文明确说明不能使用和邻居一样的红色,因此你必须选择一个不同的颜色,尺寸、形状、种类都不符合语境,选B。
13. 考查代词辨析,此处指代前文提到的“当地的人们”,对应的形容词性物主代词是their“他们的”,我们的、他的、她的都不符合指代逻辑,选D。
14. 考查形容词辨析,前文多次提到bright colours,同时后文说明是为了方便渔民在雾里识别房屋,因此这里指把房子涂成鲜亮的颜色,昏暗的、沉重的、浅淡的都不符合语义,选C。
15. 考查副词辨析,涂刷鲜亮颜色的目的是让渔民在雾中也能清晰地看到自己的房子,几乎不、大声地、安静地都不符合语境,clearly清晰地,选C。
【答案】
1-5 CBCAD 6-10 CBBCB 11-15 ABDCC
【知识点】
固定短语搭配,动词词义辨析,语境逻辑推理
【点评】
这是一篇介绍异域特色文化的记叙文,整体话题贴近生活,考点侧重基础的词义辨析和常用固定搭配,绝大多数题目都能在上下文中找到对应的提示线索,做完形填空时要注意不要脱离全文语义孤立判断单个空,学会利用前后文的呼应信息辅助解题,能大幅提升解题正确率。
【难度系数】
0.7
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