四、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
主题群:做人与做事
子主题:职业精神
语篇类型:记叙文
难度:★★
Zhao Yafu is 1. old agricultural(农业的) researcher in Jiangsu Province. He spends most of the year 2. (work) in the fields.
Born in 1941, Zhao's childhood dream was to become a news 3. (report). When he was at college, Zhao saw how hard lives were in the countryside, 4. he decided to do something to help. He began to teach agricultural 5. (scientist) to the farmers in a primary school in the village. "The villagers needed someone to help them change their minds and learn new techniques," Zhao said.
Zhao kept on encouraging the farmers 6. (use) the new techniques and plant new kinds of rice, which brought in a lot of money. As time went by, more new houses and roads 7. (build) in the village. And the villagers came to understand that Zhao 8. (real) wanted to help them.
Besides working in Jiangsu, Zhao and his team are also active in western China. 9. 2013, they have helped many farmers in western China become rich.
"I saw how poor the villagers were in the past, and now I also see how they 10. (change) over the years. I will continue with my work if my health is not too bad," said Zhao.

1. an 2. working 3. reporter 4. so 5. science 6. to use 7. were built 8. really 9. Since 10. have changed

【分析】
本题为英语语篇填空，需结合语法知识、固定搭配、词性转换、时态语态及逻辑关系逐一分析：1. 考查冠词，old以元音音素开头，泛指“一位”，需用不定冠词an；2. 涉及固定搭配spend time doing sth，需填动名词；3. 需转换为表示职业的名词，将动词report变为reporter；4. 前后为因果逻辑，前因后果需用连词so；5. 此处需表“农业科学”，而非“科学家”，故填名词science；6. 对应固定搭配encourage sb to do sth，需填不定式；7. 主语houses与build为被动关系，结合过去时态用一般过去时被动语态；8. 修饰动词wanted需用副词，real变really；9. 与现在完成时连用的过去时间点前用介词Since；10. over the years是现在完成时标志，主语they对应have changed。
【解析】
1. 考查不定冠词：old以元音音素/əʊ/开头，泛指“一位老农业研究员”，故填an。
2. 考查非谓语动词：固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth（花费时间做某事），故填working。
3. 考查名词转换：此处需表示“记者”职业，动词report的名词形式reporter符合语境，故填reporter。
4. 考查连词：前文“看到乡村生活艰难”与后文“决定帮忙”为因果关系，前因后果，故填so。
5. 考查名词辨析：此处需表“农业科学”，scientist意为“科学家”，science意为“科学”，故填science。
6. 考查固定搭配：encourage sb to do sth（鼓励某人做某事）为固定用法，故填to use。
7. 考查被动语态：主语new houses与动词build为被动关系，结合过去时态且主语为复数，故填were built。
8. 考查副词：修饰动词wanted需用副词，real的副词形式为really，故填really。
9. 考查介词：“Since + 过去时间点”常与现在完成时连用，句首单词首字母大写，故填Since。
10. 考查现在完成时：over the years（多年来）是现在完成时的标志，主语为they，故填have changed。
【答案】
1. an 2. working 3. reporter 4. so 5. science 6. to use 7. were built 8. really 9. Since 10. have changed
【知识点】
冠词用法；非谓语动词；被动语态；现在完成时；固定搭配
【点评】
本题围绕职业精神主题，以记叙文形式考查英语基础语法与词汇运用，涵盖冠词、非谓语、时态语态等核心考点，难度适中，需学生掌握基础语法规则及常用固定搭配。
【难度系数】
0.6

五、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
主题群:生活与学习 子主题:自我提升 语篇类型:说明文 难度:★★
Do you want to be cleverer and gain more knowledge? Five ways can make you cleverer.
Don’t watch too much TV
1. If you’re too tired, listen to some music. When you’re with your friends or family, leave the TV off and have a conversation. These things make your mind run better than watching TV and also allow you to relax.
2.
Working out always leads to greater learning. Use your body to clear your head and create more energy. Afterwards, you will feel more energetic and can concentrate(专注) more easily.
Read challenging books
If you want to improve your thinking and writing ability, you should read books that make you concentrate. 3.
Early to bed, early to rise
You’ll be the most refreshed if you go to bed early and don’t sleep more than 8 hours. 4. Waking up early makes you active all day.
Take time to reflect(沉思)
Spending time alone in reflecting gives you a chance to organize your thoughts. Afterwards, you’ll have a better understanding of what’s important and what isn’t. 5.
A. Try to learn
B. Take exercise
C. The more you sleep, the better it is.
D. Watching a lot of TV does no good to your mind.
E. Reading a classic novel will make you think more clearly.
F. Then the unimportant things won’t trouble you anymore.
G. The early morning hours are the most peaceful and productive(多产的).

1. D 2. B 3. E 4. G 5. F

【分析】
本题为英语说明文的七选五题型，主题是介绍让自己变聪明的方法，需结合段落主题、上下文逻辑关系匹配选项。解题思路：先通读全文明确各段落核心，再逐一分析每个空白处前后句的内容，找到与语境、主题匹配的选项，同时排除多余选项。
【解析】
1. 第1空所在段落主题为“不要看太多电视”，前文点明该主题，后文建议累时听音乐、和亲友聊天，选项D“看太多电视对大脑没好处”承接主题，符合语境；
2. 第2空为段落标题，下文内容围绕锻炼的好处展开，选项B“锻炼”契合该段落核心；
3. 第3空前文提到要读能提升思维和写作能力的书，选项E“读经典小说会让你思考更清晰”对应读书的作用，符合语境；
4. 第4空所在段落主题为“早睡早起”，后文提到早起的好处，选项G“清晨的时间最平静且多产”衔接主题，符合逻辑；
5. 第5空前文提到沉思后能明确重要的事，选项F“那么不重要的事就不会再困扰你”承接上文，符合语境。
【答案】
1.D 2.B 3.E 4.G 5.F
【知识点】
七选五阅读、说明文阅读理解、信息匹配
【点评】
本题是生活与学习主题的说明文七选五，难度适中，主要考查学生对段落主题、上下文逻辑的理解与信息匹配能力，是英语考试中常见的阅读题型。
【难度系数】
0.5