Ⅲ. 阅读短文,完成下列题目。

What was Isaac's childhood like?
Isaac was born on December 25th, 1642, in a small village named Woolsthorpe. He lived with his grandmother before he went to school.
Did you know ...?
Isaac's mother wanted him to be a farmer and look after their farm. But Isaac thought farming was not the right job for him.
What did Isaac learn about?
In 1661, Isaac went to the University of Cambridge. At first, he studied old ideas about nature(自然) from ancient(古代的) Greece. One of these ideas was that the Earth was the center of the universe(宇宙). Later, Isaac became interested in new science ideas. He liked doing experiments to learn more about the world.
What important discoveries did Isaac make?
Many people in Cambridge got sick with the plague(传染病), so Isaac went back to his home in Lincolnshire.
Isaac did many experiments at home. He made his most important discoveries there. He studied light and found out that white light is made up of many colors.
There is a famous story: An apple fell from a tree and hit his head. This made him think about gravity. He wondered why things fall down instead of up. Later, he found that the same force keeps the Moon moving around the Earth. He showed his ideas with three laws of motion(三大运动定律).
1. 将下面两个方框中的内容连线,组成正确的句子。

()2. When was Isaac born?
A. In 1642. B. In 1462. C. In 1864.
3. What is Isaac famous for?
Medicine Sound Light Gravity
4. 在横线上填入恰当的词。
Isaac discovered when an apple fell from a tree and landed on his head.
5. *Isaac Newton's mother wanted him to be a farmer, but he loved science. Would you choose what your family wants or what you love? Why?

1. Isaac was born → in the village of Woolsthorpe.
Isaac moved → to Cambridge in 1661.
Isaac did → lots of experiments on his family's farm.
Isaac discovered → that light is made up of a mixture of colors.
2. A 3. Light, Gravity 4. gravity
5. 答案不唯一,示例如下:
Sample 1:I would follow my heart because we should do what we love. Newton didn't like farming, so he chose science and became great. If we do what we enjoy, we can do our best.
Sample 2:I might listen to my family first, but then show them why I love my choice. Maybe Newton's mom saw he was happy with science and changed her mind.

【分析】
本题是关于牛顿的英语阅读理解题，包含连线匹配、细节选择、多选、填空和开放表达题型。解题时需先通读短文，梳理牛顿的生平、成就等核心信息；再针对每个问题定位原文对应内容：连线题需匹配主语与相关信息，细节题直接查找原文对应数据，多选题筛选符合原文的成就，填空题定位关键事件对应的发现，开放题结合牛顿事例阐述合理观点即可。
【解析】
1. 连线题：根据短文内容，Isaac的出生地是Woolsthorpe，对应Isaac was born → in the village of Woolsthorpe；Isaac在1661年前往剑桥，对应Isaac moved → to Cambridge in 1661；Isaac回家后做了很多实验，对应Isaac did → lots of experiments on his family's farm；Isaac发现白光由多种颜色组成，对应Isaac discovered → that light is made up of a mixture of colors。
2. 第2题：原文明确提到Isaac was born on December 25th, 1642，因此选A。
3. 第3题：原文提到Isaac研究光并发现白光由多种颜色组成，还通过苹果落地的故事研究出重力，因此选Light和Gravity。
4. 第4题：原文中苹果落地的事件让Isaac思考重力，因此填gravity。
5. 第5题：开放题，结合牛顿选择科学而非农业并取得成就的例子，阐述个人选择的理由，言之有理即可，示例答案如：I would follow my heart because we should do what we love. Newton didn't like farming, so he chose science and became great. If we do what we enjoy, we can do our best.
【答案】
1. Isaac was born → in the village of Woolsthorpe；Isaac moved → to Cambridge in 1661；Isaac did → lots of experiments on his family's farm；Isaac discovered → that light is made up of a mixture of colors
2. A
3. Light, Gravity
4. gravity
5. I would follow my heart because we should do what we love. Newton didn't like farming, so he chose science and became great. If we do what we enjoy, we can do our best.（答案不唯一，合理即可）
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、观点表达
【点评】
本题围绕科学家牛顿的生平与成就设置，题型多样，既考查学生提取文本信息的能力，又引导学生思考个人选择的意义，题材贴近学生认知，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6