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二、信息还原
阅读下面短文，从方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项多余。
The word "community" can mean a group of people together in one place. 1 The people in your neighbourhood all live in the same area.
People in communities depend on one another. Think of your school community. Students need teachers to teach them. Teachers need students to teach. Head teachers make sure their schools run smoothly and they need everyone else to help. 2
Habitat(栖息地) Communities
Plants and animals make communities too. A habitat community is made up of all the plants and animals that live in a habitat. The plants and animals depend on each other. 3 Plants provide some animals with food. They also provide places to hide and live. Plants in a community need the animals too. Bees move pollen(花粉) between flowers while they are eating. This helps plants produce fruit. 4 For example, mice provide food for owls(猫头鹰).
The Importance of Habitat Communities
5 Birds' nests(鸟巢) would be on the ground and birds' eggs would be eaten by other animals. Imagine that all the mice disappeared. Animals that eat mice might not find enough food.
Every living thing in a habitat community depends on each other. They help each other to live and they may not live without each other.
1.
阅读下面短文，从方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项多余。
The word "community" can mean a group of people together in one place. 1 The people in your neighbourhood all live in the same area.
People in communities depend on one another. Think of your school community. Students need teachers to teach them. Teachers need students to teach. Head teachers make sure their schools run smoothly and they need everyone else to help. 2
Habitat(栖息地) Communities
Plants and animals make communities too. A habitat community is made up of all the plants and animals that live in a habitat. The plants and animals depend on each other. 3 Plants provide some animals with food. They also provide places to hide and live. Plants in a community need the animals too. Bees move pollen(花粉) between flowers while they are eating. This helps plants produce fruit. 4 For example, mice provide food for owls(猫头鹰).
The Importance of Habitat Communities
5 Birds' nests(鸟巢) would be on the ground and birds' eggs would be eaten by other animals. Imagine that all the mice disappeared. Animals that eat mice might not find enough food.
Every living thing in a habitat community depends on each other. They help each other to live and they may not live without each other.
1.
A
2. F
3. D
4. E
5. B
答案
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了社区的特点、栖息地群落的特点和重要性。
1~5 AFDEB
1~5 AFDEB
解析
【分析】
解题时首先通读全文，明确本文是介绍社区定义、人类社区的依存关系、动植物栖息地群落的科普说明文，核心逻辑是围绕“不同类型群落里的成员互相依存”展开。接下来逐空匹配上下文逻辑：
1. 第1空前文刚给出community的定义，后文马上提到neighbourhood的居民同处一片区域，需要选能衔接“社区定义”和“街区居民”的句子；
2. 第2空前文举了学校里学生、老师、校长互相需要的具体例子，需要选能总结这个学校场景例子的句子；
3. 第3空后文开始介绍植物为动物提供食物、栖息场所，需要选能引出“动物依赖植物”这个逻辑的过渡句；
4. 第4空后文举了老鼠作为猫头鹰食物的捕食关系例子，需要选能引出“动物以其他动物为食”这个逻辑的总起句；
5. 第5空后文描述了鸟类失去树木后的生存困境，需要选能引出这个假设场景的问句。最后验证剩余多余选项不符合任意空的逻辑，即可确定答案。
【解析】
1. 第1空：前文解释“community指同处一个地方的群体”，后文说明“你街区的居民都住在同一区域”，A选项“Your neighbourhood is a community.”完美承接社区定义和街区场景，逻辑通顺。
2. 第2空：前文列举学校里学生需要老师教学、老师需要学生、校长需要所有人配合的细节，F选项“The people in your school community need each other.”是对前文学校场景例子的总结，符合段落逻辑。
3. 第3空：后文介绍植物为动物提供食物、藏身和居住的场所，D选项“Animals in a community need the plants.”引出群落里动物对植物的依存关系，自然衔接后文内容。
4. 第4空：后文举例“老鼠为猫头鹰提供食物”，E选项“Some animals depend on other animals for food.”总起说明部分动物以其他动物为食的逻辑，刚好引出后续的捕食关系例子。
5. 第5空：后文描述树木消失后鸟巢落到地面、鸟蛋被其他动物吃掉的后果，B选项“What if all the trees disappeared from a habitat?”提出树木全部消失的假设，引出后续的场景描述。
【答案】
1~5 AFDEB
【知识点】
说明文阅读；语篇逻辑衔接；信息还原
【点评】
本题属于科普类说明文的信息还原题型，考点聚焦上下文的举例呼应、总结句匹配、逻辑过渡衔接，解题时先把握全文主题，再逐空定位前后文的提示信息，最后代入选项通读验证即可，能有效锻炼学生的语篇逻辑分析能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
解题时首先通读全文，明确本文是介绍社区定义、人类社区的依存关系、动植物栖息地群落的科普说明文，核心逻辑是围绕“不同类型群落里的成员互相依存”展开。接下来逐空匹配上下文逻辑：
1. 第1空前文刚给出community的定义，后文马上提到neighbourhood的居民同处一片区域，需要选能衔接“社区定义”和“街区居民”的句子；
2. 第2空前文举了学校里学生、老师、校长互相需要的具体例子，需要选能总结这个学校场景例子的句子；
3. 第3空后文开始介绍植物为动物提供食物、栖息场所，需要选能引出“动物依赖植物”这个逻辑的过渡句；
4. 第4空后文举了老鼠作为猫头鹰食物的捕食关系例子，需要选能引出“动物以其他动物为食”这个逻辑的总起句；
5. 第5空后文描述了鸟类失去树木后的生存困境，需要选能引出这个假设场景的问句。最后验证剩余多余选项不符合任意空的逻辑，即可确定答案。
【解析】
1. 第1空：前文解释“community指同处一个地方的群体”，后文说明“你街区的居民都住在同一区域”，A选项“Your neighbourhood is a community.”完美承接社区定义和街区场景，逻辑通顺。
2. 第2空：前文列举学校里学生需要老师教学、老师需要学生、校长需要所有人配合的细节，F选项“The people in your school community need each other.”是对前文学校场景例子的总结，符合段落逻辑。
3. 第3空：后文介绍植物为动物提供食物、藏身和居住的场所，D选项“Animals in a community need the plants.”引出群落里动物对植物的依存关系，自然衔接后文内容。
4. 第4空：后文举例“老鼠为猫头鹰提供食物”，E选项“Some animals depend on other animals for food.”总起说明部分动物以其他动物为食的逻辑，刚好引出后续的捕食关系例子。
5. 第5空：后文描述树木消失后鸟巢落到地面、鸟蛋被其他动物吃掉的后果，B选项“What if all the trees disappeared from a habitat?”提出树木全部消失的假设，引出后续的场景描述。
【答案】
1~5 AFDEB
【知识点】
说明文阅读；语篇逻辑衔接；信息还原
【点评】
本题属于科普类说明文的信息还原题型，考点聚焦上下文的举例呼应、总结句匹配、逻辑过渡衔接，解题时先把握全文主题，再逐空定位前后文的提示信息，最后代入选项通读验证即可，能有效锻炼学生的语篇逻辑分析能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
