一、根据首字母提示补全单词。
1. People like to eat d

dumplings

during the Spring Festival in the north of China.
2. Her pet dog looked very d

dirty

, so she helped it take a shower.
3. — How about playing ping-pong this afternoon, Jack?
— Good idea! Ask Eric and Tina to play with us. We can play d

doubles

.
4. It is very hot and d

dry

in summer, so you need to drink much water.
5. We usually watch boat races on the D

Dragon

Boat Festival.

1. dumplings
2. dirty
3. doubles
4. dry
5. Dragon

【分析】本题为根据首字母提示补全单词的题目，需结合句子语境、首字母提示及相关词汇知识确定单词。先理解每个句子的句意，再匹配首字母对应的正确词汇，同时注意固定搭配和专有名词的用法。
【解析】1. 句意：中国北方的人们在春节期间喜欢吃______，结合首字母d，春节北方传统食物是饺子，故填dumplings；2. 句意：她的宠物狗看起来很______，所以她帮它洗澡，需填表示“脏的”的词，首字母d，故填dirty；3. 句意：提议打乒乓球，回应说叫两人一起，打乒乓球的固定搭配play doubles意为“打双打”，首字母d，故填doubles；4. 句意：夏天炎热且______，需多喝水，说明天气干燥，首字母d，故填dry；5. 端午节的英文是Dragon Boat Festival，结合首字母D，故填Dragon。
【答案】1. dumplings 2. dirty 3. doubles 4. dry 5. Dragon
【知识点】首字母填空、固定搭配、节日专有名词
【点评】本题考查基础词汇运用，难度较低，主要检验学生对常用单词、固定搭配及传统节日英文名称的掌握情况，适合基础阶段练习。
【难度系数】0.8

二、用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. My grandma always cooks delicious (dish) for us.
2. My uncle the bus well, and he is a good . (drive)
3. It is very (danger) to walk on the old bridge.
4. Some lovely (duckling) are swimming in the lake with their mother.
5. My father wrote a lot of interesting things in those (diary).
6. In the story, the little girl was too cold and hungry, and she (die) on a snowy night.
7. There are 150 men (doctor) in that hospital.
8. My brother was excited because he (decide) to travel with his friends next month.
9. Eric was sorry that he gave the tourists wrong (direction) yesterday.
10. Mr Brown (drop) off his brother at the bus station five minutes ago.

1. dishes
2. drives; driver
3. dangerous
4. ducklings
5. diaries
6. died
7. doctors
8. decided
9. directions
10. dropped

【分析】
这类题需结合句子的语法规则、语境，将括号内单词转换为正确形式，核心要掌握名词单复数变化、动词时态变形、词性转换等基础规则，比如可数名词在some、those、数词后用复数，一般现在时第三人称单数动词变形，一般过去时动词变形，名词变形容词等。
【解析】
1. dish是可数名词，此处表泛指“菜肴”，无冠词修饰，需用复数形式dishes；
2. 第一空：主语my uncle是第三人称单数，句子为一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，drive变drives；第二空：需表示“司机”这一名词，drive对应的名词是driver；
3. be动词is后需接形容词作表语，名词danger的形容词形式为dangerous；
4. some后接可数名词复数，duckling的复数形式是ducklings；
5. those后接可数名词复数，diary以辅音字母+y结尾，变复数时需将y改为i加es，即diaries；
6. 句子描述过去发生的事件，用一般过去时，die的过去式为died；
7. 数词150修饰可数名词，需用复数形式，doctor的复数是doctors；
8. 主句为一般过去时（was excited），从句时态需对应过去，decide的过去式为decided；
9. direction是可数名词，此处表泛指“方向”，需用复数形式directions；
10. five minutes ago是过去时间标志，句子用一般过去时，drop的过去式为dropped。
【答案】
1. dishes
2. drives; driver
3. dangerous
4. ducklings
5. diaries
6. died
7. doctors
8. decided
9. directions
10. dropped
【知识点】
词性转换；名词单复数；动词时态
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础单词形式填空题，聚焦核心基础变形规则，是日常练习的常见题型，需学生熟练掌握名词、动词的基本变形逻辑，难度较低，适合巩固基础知识点。
【难度系数】
0.8

一、写出下列名词的复数形式。
1. eagle
2. sandwich
3. wolf
4. strawberry
5. dish
6. factory
7. child
8. sheep
9. truth
10. trick

1. eagles
2. sandwiches
3. wolves
4. strawberries
5. dishes
6. factories
7. children
8. sheep
9. truths
10. tricks

【分析】要写出名词的复数形式，需先明确英语名词复数的变化规则：①一般情况直接加s；②以s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词加es；③以f/fe结尾的名词，变f/fe为v再加es；④辅音字母+y结尾的名词，变y为i加es；⑤不规则变化的名词需特殊记忆；⑥部分名词单复数同形。接下来根据每个单词的词尾特点，匹配对应规则即可得出复数形式。
【解析】1. eagle为一般名词，遵循规则①，直接加s，复数为eagles；2. sandwich以ch结尾，遵循规则②，加es，复数为sandwiches；3. wolf以f结尾，遵循规则③，变f为v加es，复数为wolves；4. strawberry是辅音字母+y结尾，遵循规则④，变y为i加es，复数为strawberries；5. dish以sh结尾，遵循规则②，加es，复数为dishes；6. factory是辅音字母+y结尾，遵循规则④，变y为i加es，复数为factories；7. child为不规则变化名词，需特殊记忆，复数为children；8. sheep为单复数同形名词，复数仍为sheep；9. truth为一般名词，遵循规则①，直接加s，复数为truths；10. trick为一般名词，遵循规则①，直接加s，复数为tricks。
【答案】1. eagles
2. sandwiches
3. wolves
4. strawberries
5. dishes
6. factories
7. children
8. sheep
9. truths
10. tricks
【知识点】英语名词复数变化规则、可数名词复数构成
【点评】本题为英语基础题型，考察常见名词复数的变化规则，涵盖规则变化与不规则变化，是英语词汇学习的核心基础，需准确掌握不同类型名词的复数构成方法。
【难度系数】0.8