2026年暑假作业本大象出版社八年级英语人教版第80页答案
一、从方框中选择适当的单词并用其正确形式填空。每个单词限用一次。
invent, wisdom, necessary, collect, historian
1. The great leader used his
wisdom
to guide the country through a difficult time in the past.
2. Because
historians
have kept detailed records, we can now learn more about those great people in human history.
3. A strong will is
necessary
for anyone who wants to succeed in life.
4. This great
inventor
failed many times, but he never gave up.
5. The painter had a large
collection
of paintings, and his unique style has influenced the development of modern art.

答案

1. wisdom 2. historians 3. necessary 4. inventor 5. collection

解析

【分析】这是一道选词并用正确形式填空的题目,解题思路为:先通读每个句子,明确空格处所需的词性;再结合句子语境筛选方框内的合适单词;最后根据语法规则(如名词单复数、固定搭配)调整单词形式,确保每个单词仅使用一次。
【解析】1. 句意为“这位伟大领袖用他的智慧在过去困难时期领导国家”,空格处需名词,方框内“wisdom(智慧)”符合语境,为不可数名词,故填wisdom。
2. 句意为“因为历史学家保存了详细记录,我们现在能更多了解人类历史上的伟人”,空格处作主语指人,方框内“historian(历史学家)”,谓语为have,需用复数形式historians,故填historians。
3. 句意为“坚强的意志对任何想在人生中成功的人来说是必要的”,空格处需形容词,方框内“necessary(必要的)”符合,故填necessary。
4. 句意为“这位伟大的发明家失败了很多次,但从未放弃”,空格处指人,方框内“invent(发明)”对应的名词“inventor(发明家)”符合,故填inventor。
5. 句意为“这位画家有大量的绘画收藏品,他独特的风格影响了现代艺术的发展”,固定搭配“a large collection of(大量的……)”,方框内“collect(收集)”对应的名词“collection(收藏品)”符合,故填collection。
【答案】1. wisdom 2. historians 3. necessary 4. inventor 5. collection
【知识点】词汇词义辨析、名词形式变化、固定搭配
【点评】本题考查基础词汇的运用,需学生掌握方框内单词的词义、词性及形式变化,结合语境和语法规则解题,是英语学习中的常见基础题型。
【难度系数】0.5
二、用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. The
exploration
(explore) of space has led to many discoveries that were unbelievable in the past.
2. The
discovery
(discover) has created a new way of thinking that is still used by scientists today.
3. The doctor was known for his
kindness
(kind) to his patients.
4. His decision to donate all his prize money to charity was
admirable
(admire).
5. You should know that a
scientific
(science) attitude is important for doing experiments.

答案

1. exploration 2. discovery 3. kindness 4. admirable 5. scientific

解析

【分析】
本题考查英语词汇的词性转换,解题思路为:先分析空格处的句子成分(如定冠词the后接名词、形容词性物主代词后接名词、系动词后接表语、形容词修饰名词等),再将括号内的单词转换为对应词性的正确形式。
1. 空格前有定冠词the,需填名词,将动词explore转换为名词;
2. 空格前有定冠词the,需填名词,将动词discover转换为名词;
3. 空格前有形容词性物主代词his,需填名词,将形容词kind转换为名词;
4. 空格在系动词was后,需填形容词作表语,将动词admire转换为形容词;
5. 空格后是名词attitude,需填形容词修饰名词,将名词science转换为形容词。
【解析】
1. 定冠词the后需接名词,explore的名词形式为exploration,故填exploration;
2. 定冠词the后需接名词,discover的名词形式为discovery,故填discovery;
3. 形容词性物主代词his后需接名词,kind的名词形式为kindness,故填kindness;
4. 系动词was后需接形容词作表语,admire的形容词形式为admirable,故填admirable;
5. 修饰名词attitude需用形容词,science的形容词形式为scientific,故填scientific。
【答案】
1. exploration 2. discovery 3. kindness 4. admirable 5. scientific
【知识点】
英语词性转换、名词的用法、形容词的用法
【点评】
本题为基础词汇词性转换题,考查学生对不同词性变化规则的掌握,是英语学习中常见的基础题型,难度较低,适合巩固词汇基础。
【难度系数】
0.8
三、从方框中选择适当的短语并用其正确形式填空。每个短语限用一次。
come true, look up to, leave behind, above all, live on
1. The discovery that Newton made will
live on
as one of the most important scientific achievements in history.
2. Nowadays, many young people
look up to
this researcher because of his great work.
3. He was a great thinker, but
above all
, he was a kind man who wanted to make the world a better place.
4. After years of careful research, Marie Curie's dream of discovering a new element
came true
in the end.
5. The great scientist
left behind
a powerful theory that has changed how we see the universe.

答案

1. live on 2. look up to 3. above all 4. came true 5. left behind

解析

【分析】首先明确方框内各短语的含义:come true(梦想等实现)、look up to(尊敬、敬仰)、leave behind(留下、遗留)、above all(首先、最重要的是)、live on(继续存在;以……为食)。解题时需先通读每个句子,理解句子语境,确定所需短语的含义,再结合句子的时态、语法规则(如动词时态变化、主谓一致等),选择并调整短语的正确形式(介词短语无需变形),最终匹配出合适的短语。
【解析】1. 句意:牛顿的发现将作为历史上最重要的科学成就之一留存下来。live on有“继续存在”的含义,will后接动词原形,故填live on。
2. 句意:如今,许多年轻人因为这位研究者的伟大工作而敬仰他。look up to意为“尊敬、敬仰”,主语young people为复数,句子是一般现在时,故填look up to。
3. 句意:他是一位伟大的思想家,最重要的是,他是一个想让世界变得更美好的善良的人。above all意为“首先、最重要的是”,符合语境,直接填短语原形。
4. 句意:经过多年的精心研究,居里夫人发现新元素的梦想最终实现了。come true意为“实现”,根据时间状语in the end可知用一般过去时,故填came true。
5. 句意:这位伟大的科学家留下了一个强大的理论,它改变了我们看待宇宙的方式。leave behind意为“留下、遗留”,根据语境用一般过去时,故填left behind。
【答案】1. live on 2. look up to 3. above all 4. came true 5. left behind
【知识点】短语辨析,动词时态,介词短语用法
【点评】本题考查常用短语的词义辨析及语境运用,要求学生掌握短语含义并结合句子语法规则调整形式,属于基础英语知识的考查,难度适中,能有效检验学生对核心短语的掌握程度。
【难度系数】0.5
四、根据汉语意思翻译下列句子,每空一词。
1. 她志愿当护士去帮助那些受伤的士兵,
真是非常善良。
It was really nice
of
her
to
volunteer
as a nurse to help the
wounded
soldiers
.
2. 勇敢面对寒冷的天气和高空对他来说很困难,但他仍继续自己的工作。
It was difficult
for
him
to
brave
the cold weather and great heights, but he
continued
with his work.
3. 尽管这位著名的科学家在年轻时就辍学了,但他自学成才,并在后来取得了巨大的成就。
Although the famous scientist
dropped
out
of
school
at an early age, he taught himself and made great achievements later.
4. 她一直对传统中医充满深深的热爱和浓厚的好奇心,这一直指引着她多年的研究工作。
She always showed a deep
love
and
curiosity
for
traditional Chinese medicine, which guided her research for many years.
5. 令人鼓舞的是,詹天佑设计并修建了一条穿越山脉的铁路。他的辛勤努力至今激励了数百万中国工程师。
It
was
inspiring
that Zhan Tianyou designed and built a railway through the mountains. His hard work
has
inspired
millions of Chinese engineers so far.

答案

1. of; to volunteer; wounded soldiers 2. for; to brave; continued 3. dropped out of school 4. love; curiosity for 5. It was inspiring; has inspired

解析

【分析】
本题为根据汉语意思补全英文句子的题型,需结合固定句型、动词短语、名词搭配及时态等知识点解题。先分析每个句子的结构与对应汉语的英文表达:1. 第一句考查“It's + adj + of sb to do sth”(形容人品质时用of),“志愿做”对应volunteer,“受伤的士兵”对应wounded soldiers;2. 第二句考查“It's + adj + for sb to do sth”(形容事的难度时用for),“勇敢面对”对应to brave,“继续”对应continued;3. 第三句考查“辍学”的固定短语drop out of school,需用过去式;4. 第四句考查“对…的热爱”love和“对…的好奇心”curiosity for;5. 第五句考查“It was inspiring”(令人鼓舞的)及现在完成时“has inspired”(至今激励)。
【解析】
1. 第一空:nice形容人的善良品质,用介词of;第二空:“志愿做某事”用不定式to volunteer;第三空:“受伤的士兵”为wounded soldiers,故填of; to volunteer; wounded soldiers。
2. 第一空:difficult形容做某事的难度,用介词for;第二空:“勇敢面对”用不定式to brave;第三空:“继续”用过去式continued,故填for; to brave; continued。
3. “辍学”的固定短语为drop out of school,此处用过去式dropped,故填dropped out of school。
4. “热爱”对应love,“对…的好奇心”对应curiosity for,故填love; curiosity for。
5. “令人鼓舞的是”对应It was inspiring;“至今激励”用现在完成时has inspired,故填It was inspiring; has inspired。
【答案】
1. of; to volunteer; wounded soldiers 2. for; to brave; continued 3. dropped out of school 4. love; curiosity for 5. It was inspiring; has inspired
【知识点】
固定句型、动词短语、名词搭配、时态运用
【点评】
本题为基础翻译补全题,考查常用英语固定表达、短语及时态,难度适中,适合巩固英语基础知识点。
【难度系数】
0.6