2. 解方程。
$ x + \frac{2}{7} = \frac{4}{5} $
$ x - \frac{3}{5} = \frac{2}{3} $
$ \frac{1}{2} + x = \frac{4}{7} $
$ \frac{3}{8} + x = 2 $
$ \frac{5}{6} - x = \frac{1}{4} $
$ x - \frac{6}{7} = \frac{1}{2} $
$ x + \frac{2}{7} = \frac{4}{5} $
$ x - \frac{3}{5} = \frac{2}{3} $
$ \frac{1}{2} + x = \frac{4}{7} $
$ \frac{3}{8} + x = 2 $
$ \frac{5}{6} - x = \frac{1}{4} $
$ x - \frac{6}{7} = \frac{1}{2} $
答案
解:$x + \frac{2}{7} = \frac{4}{5}$
$x = \frac{4}{5} - \frac{2}{7}$
$x = \frac{28}{35} - \frac{10}{35}$
$x = \frac{18}{35}$
解:$x - \frac{3}{5} = \frac{2}{3}$
$x = \frac{2}{3} + \frac{3}{5}$
$x = \frac{10}{15} + \frac{9}{15}$
$x = \frac{19}{15}$
解:$\frac{1}{2} + x = \frac{4}{7}$
$x = \frac{4}{7} - \frac{1}{2}$
$x = \frac{8}{14} - \frac{7}{14}$
$x = \frac{1}{14}$
解:$\frac{3}{8} + x = 2$
$x = 2 - \frac{3}{8}$
$x = \frac{16}{8} - \frac{3}{8}$
$x = \frac{13}{8}$
解:$\frac{5}{6} - x = \frac{1}{4}$
$x = \frac{5}{6} - \frac{1}{4}$
$x = \frac{10}{12} - \frac{3}{12}$
$x = \frac{7}{12}$
解:$x - \frac{6}{7} = \frac{1}{2}$
$x = \frac{1}{2} + \frac{6}{7}$
$x = \frac{7}{14} + \frac{12}{14}$
$x = \frac{19}{14}$
$x = \frac{4}{5} - \frac{2}{7}$
$x = \frac{28}{35} - \frac{10}{35}$
$x = \frac{18}{35}$
解:$x - \frac{3}{5} = \frac{2}{3}$
$x = \frac{2}{3} + \frac{3}{5}$
$x = \frac{10}{15} + \frac{9}{15}$
$x = \frac{19}{15}$
解:$\frac{1}{2} + x = \frac{4}{7}$
$x = \frac{4}{7} - \frac{1}{2}$
$x = \frac{8}{14} - \frac{7}{14}$
$x = \frac{1}{14}$
解:$\frac{3}{8} + x = 2$
$x = 2 - \frac{3}{8}$
$x = \frac{16}{8} - \frac{3}{8}$
$x = \frac{13}{8}$
解:$\frac{5}{6} - x = \frac{1}{4}$
$x = \frac{5}{6} - \frac{1}{4}$
$x = \frac{10}{12} - \frac{3}{12}$
$x = \frac{7}{12}$
解:$x - \frac{6}{7} = \frac{1}{2}$
$x = \frac{1}{2} + \frac{6}{7}$
$x = \frac{7}{14} + \frac{12}{14}$
$x = \frac{19}{14}$
3. 下面各题,怎样算简便就怎样算。
$ \frac{15}{2} - \frac{23}{6} + \frac{7}{3} $
$ \frac{3}{4} + \frac{4}{11} + \frac{1}{4} + \frac{7}{11} $
$ 2 - \frac{8}{9} - \frac{1}{9} $
$ \frac{7}{15} - (\frac{2}{15} + \frac{1}{4}) $
$ \frac{17}{10} - (\frac{1}{4} + \frac{7}{10}) $
$ \frac{2}{5} - \frac{1}{7} + \frac{3}{5} - \frac{6}{7} $
$ \frac{15}{2} - \frac{23}{6} + \frac{7}{3} $
$ \frac{3}{4} + \frac{4}{11} + \frac{1}{4} + \frac{7}{11} $
$ 2 - \frac{8}{9} - \frac{1}{9} $
$ \frac{7}{15} - (\frac{2}{15} + \frac{1}{4}) $
$ \frac{17}{10} - (\frac{1}{4} + \frac{7}{10}) $
$ \frac{2}{5} - \frac{1}{7} + \frac{3}{5} - \frac{6}{7} $
答案
$\frac{15}{2} - \frac{23}{6} + \frac{7}{3}$
$= \frac{45}{6} - \frac{23}{6} + \frac{14}{6}$
$= \frac{45 - 23 + 14}{6}$
$= \frac{36}{6}$
$= 6$
$\frac{3}{4} + \frac{4}{11} + \frac{1}{4} + \frac{7}{11}$
$= (\frac{3}{4} + \frac{1}{4}) + (\frac{4}{11} + \frac{7}{11})$
$= 1 + 1$
$= 2$
$2 - \frac{8}{9} - \frac{1}{9}$
$= 2 - (\frac{8}{9} + \frac{1}{9})$
$= 2 - 1$
$= 1$
$\frac{7}{15} - (\frac{2}{15} + \frac{1}{4})$
$= \frac{7}{15} - \frac{2}{15} - \frac{1}{4}$
$= \frac{5}{15} - \frac{1}{4}$
$= \frac{1}{3} - \frac{1}{4}$
$= \frac{4}{12} - \frac{3}{12}$
$= \frac{1}{12}$
$\frac{17}{10} - (\frac{1}{4} + \frac{7}{10})$
$= \frac{17}{10} - \frac{7}{10} - \frac{1}{4}$
$= 1 - \frac{1}{4}$
$= \frac{3}{4}$
$\frac{2}{5} - \frac{1}{7} + \frac{3}{5} - \frac{6}{7}$
$= (\frac{2}{5} + \frac{3}{5}) - (\frac{1}{7} + \frac{6}{7})$
$= 1 - 1$
$= 0$
$= \frac{45}{6} - \frac{23}{6} + \frac{14}{6}$
$= \frac{45 - 23 + 14}{6}$
$= \frac{36}{6}$
$= 6$
$\frac{3}{4} + \frac{4}{11} + \frac{1}{4} + \frac{7}{11}$
$= (\frac{3}{4} + \frac{1}{4}) + (\frac{4}{11} + \frac{7}{11})$
$= 1 + 1$
$= 2$
$2 - \frac{8}{9} - \frac{1}{9}$
$= 2 - (\frac{8}{9} + \frac{1}{9})$
$= 2 - 1$
$= 1$
$\frac{7}{15} - (\frac{2}{15} + \frac{1}{4})$
$= \frac{7}{15} - \frac{2}{15} - \frac{1}{4}$
$= \frac{5}{15} - \frac{1}{4}$
$= \frac{1}{3} - \frac{1}{4}$
$= \frac{4}{12} - \frac{3}{12}$
$= \frac{1}{12}$
$\frac{17}{10} - (\frac{1}{4} + \frac{7}{10})$
$= \frac{17}{10} - \frac{7}{10} - \frac{1}{4}$
$= 1 - \frac{1}{4}$
$= \frac{3}{4}$
$\frac{2}{5} - \frac{1}{7} + \frac{3}{5} - \frac{6}{7}$
$= (\frac{2}{5} + \frac{3}{5}) - (\frac{1}{7} + \frac{6}{7})$
$= 1 - 1$
$= 0$
五、解决问题。
1. 暑假学校组织老师去旅游,去北京的占总人数的 $ \frac{1}{3} $,去海南岛的占总人数的 $ \frac{2}{5} $,其余的去黄山。去黄山旅游的占总人数的几分之几?
1. 暑假学校组织老师去旅游,去北京的占总人数的 $ \frac{1}{3} $,去海南岛的占总人数的 $ \frac{2}{5} $,其余的去黄山。去黄山旅游的占总人数的几分之几?
答案
$1 - \frac{1}{3} - \frac{2}{5}$
$= \frac{15}{15} - \frac{5}{15} - \frac{6}{15}$
$= \frac{4}{15}$
答:去黄山旅游的占总人数的$\frac{4}{15}$。
$= \frac{15}{15} - \frac{5}{15} - \frac{6}{15}$
$= \frac{4}{15}$
答:去黄山旅游的占总人数的$\frac{4}{15}$。
2. 城南小学食堂上午运来面粉 $ \frac{2}{3} $ 吨,下午运来面粉 $ \frac{1}{2} $ 吨;运来的大米比面粉多 $ \frac{1}{3} $ 吨。运来大米多少吨?
答案
$\frac{2}{3} + \frac{1}{2} = \frac{4}{6} + \frac{3}{6} = \frac{7}{6}$(吨)
$\frac{7}{6} + \frac{1}{3} = \frac{7}{6} + \frac{2}{6} = \frac{3}{2}$(吨)
答:运来大米$\frac{3}{2}$吨。
$\frac{7}{6} + \frac{1}{3} = \frac{7}{6} + \frac{2}{6} = \frac{3}{2}$(吨)
答:运来大米$\frac{3}{2}$吨。
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