2025年启东中学作业本八年级数学下册江苏版第140页答案
1. 化简$\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{3}(1 - \sqrt{3})$的结果是( )
A. 3
B. -3
C. $\sqrt{3}$
D. $-\sqrt{3}$

答案

A
2.(2023·兴化一模)下列各式计算正确的是( )
A. $3\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{3}=1$
B. $\sqrt{(-3)^2}=-3$
C. $\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}=\sqrt{5}$
D. $(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3})(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3})=2$

答案

D
3.(2023·南京)计算$\sqrt{12}\times\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{18}$的结果是_______.

答案

$3\sqrt{2}$
4. 计算$\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3+\sqrt{12}}$的结果是_______.

答案

$\frac{1}{3}$
5.(2024·天津)计算$(\sqrt{11}+1)(\sqrt{11}-1)$的结果为_______.

答案

10
6.(2023·启东期末)已知$a = 4 + 2\sqrt{5}$,$b = 4 - 2\sqrt{5}$,则$a^2b - ab^2$的值为_______.

答案

$-16\sqrt{5}$
7. 计算:
(1)$(\sqrt{12}-3\sqrt{\frac{1}{3}})\times\sqrt{6}$; (2)$(\sqrt{48}+\frac{\sqrt{6}}{4})\div\sqrt{27}$;
(3)$4\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}-\sqrt{6}\times\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{12}\div\sqrt{3}$; (4)(2023·金昌)$\sqrt{27}\div\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\times2\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{2}$;
(5)$3\sqrt{2}\times(2\sqrt{12}-4\sqrt{\frac{1}{8}}+3\sqrt{48})$; (6)$\sqrt{54}\div\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{12}\times\sqrt{\frac{1}{6}}+\sqrt{(\sqrt{2}-3)^2}$.

答案

解:(1)原式$=(2\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{3})\times\sqrt{6}=\sqrt{3}\times\sqrt{6}=3\sqrt{2}$.
(2)原式$=(4\sqrt{3}+\frac{\sqrt{6}}{4})\div3\sqrt{3}=\frac{4}{3}+\frac{\sqrt{2}}{12}$.
(3)原式$=2\sqrt{2}-3\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{4}=2 - \sqrt{2}$.
(4)原式$=3\sqrt{3}\times\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}\times2\sqrt{2}-6\sqrt{2}=12\sqrt{2}-6\sqrt{2}=6\sqrt{2}$.
(5)原式$=3\sqrt{2}\times(16\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2})=48\sqrt{6}-6$.
(6)原式$=\sqrt{54\div3}-\sqrt{12\times\frac{1}{6}}+3-\sqrt{2}=3\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{2}+3-\sqrt{2}=\sqrt{2}+3$.
8. 估计$(2\sqrt{3}+6\sqrt{2})\times\sqrt{\frac{1}{3}}$的值应在( )
A. 4和5之间
B. 5和6之间
C. 6和7之间
D. 7和8之间

答案

C
9. 若$3 - \sqrt{2}$的整数部分为$a$,小数部分为$b$,则代数式$(2+\sqrt{2}a)\cdot b$的值是_______.

答案

2
10. 若$a = 3 - \sqrt{10}$,则代数式$a^2 - 6a - 2$的值为_______.

答案

-1
11. 计算:
(1)$(2\sqrt{5}-2\sqrt{3})(\sqrt{12}+\sqrt{20})$; (2)$|-\sqrt{2}|+(\sqrt{2}-\frac{1}{2})^2-(\sqrt{2}+\frac{1}{2})^2$;
(3)$(7 + 4\sqrt{3})(7 - 4\sqrt{3})-(\sqrt{3}-1)^2$; (4)$(3\sqrt{5}+5\sqrt{3})(-3\sqrt{5}+5\sqrt{3})-(\sqrt{48}+\frac{\sqrt{3}}{4})\div\sqrt{27}$.

答案

解:(1)原式$=(2\sqrt{5}-2\sqrt{3})(2\sqrt{5}+2\sqrt{3})=20 - 12 = 8$.
(2)原式$=\sqrt{2}+(2-\sqrt{2}+\frac{1}{4})-(2+\sqrt{2}+\frac{1}{4})=\sqrt{2}+2-\sqrt{2}+\frac{1}{4}-2-\sqrt{2}-\frac{1}{4}=-\sqrt{2}$.
(3)原式$=49 - 48-(3 + 1 - 2\sqrt{3})=2\sqrt{3}-3$.
(4)原式$=75 - 45-(4\sqrt{3}+\frac{\sqrt{3}}{4})\div3\sqrt{3}=30-\frac{17}{12}=\frac{343}{12}$.