2026年学习之友八年级英语下册人教版第57页答案
Ⅰ. 图文匹配。在横线上写出下列自然灾害的名称并在方框内选择与其对应的自救措施填在括号里。
A. Move to higher ground immediately.
B. Stay away from windows and stay indoors.
C. Stop,drop and roll if clothes catch fire.
D. Stay indoors and keep warm.
E. Drop,cover and hold on under a strong table.
F. Save and reuse water at home.

1.
snowstorm
(
D
)
2.
flood
(
A
)


3.
typhoon
(
B
)
4.
earthquake
(
E
)


5.
drought
(
F
)
6.
wildfire
(
C
)

答案

Ⅰ. 1. snowstorm (D) 2. flood (A)
3. typhoon (B) 4. earthquake (E)
5. drought (F) 6. wildfire (C)

解析

【解析】
1. 雪暴(snowstorm)来临,应待在室内保暖,对应自救措施D;
2. 洪水(flood)来临,应立刻转移到高处,对应自救措施A;
3. 台风(typhoon)来临,应远离窗户并待在室内,对应自救措施B;
4. 地震(earthquake)发生时,应躲在坚固桌子下抱头避险,对应自救措施E;
5. 干旱(drought)发生时,应在家中节约重复用水,对应自救措施F;
6. 野火(wildfire)发生时,若衣服着火需停下、躺下、打滚灭火,对应自救措施C。
【答案】
Ⅰ. 1. snowstorm (D) 2. flood (A)
3. typhoon (B) 4. earthquake (E)
5. drought (F) 6. wildfire (C)
【知识点】
自然灾害英文名称、应急自救措施
【点评】
本题考查常见自然灾害的英文识别及对应的英文自救措施掌握,既巩固了相关英语词汇,又普及了应急避险知识。
【难度系数】
0.6
Ⅱ. 根据句意及首字母提示填写单词。
1. During the typhoon,a huge w
wave
hit the coast and hurt some people on the beach.
2. The kind neighbour w
warned
us about the rising water,so we moved to a safe place in time.
3. The weather r
report
on TV said a snowstorm was coming.
4. The reporter i
interviewed
several people who experienced the typhoon.
5. If you don't study hard,you will have t
trouble
passing the exam.

答案

Ⅱ. 1. wave 2. warned 3. report
4. interviewed 5. trouble

解析

【解析】
1. 根据句意“台风期间,一股巨浪袭击了海岸,伤到了海滩上的一些人”及首字母w提示,应填wave(巨浪),a后接单数名词,符合语法和语境。
2. 由“所以我们及时搬到了安全的地方”可知邻居警告了我们水位上涨,结合首字母w,warn的过去式warned符合语境,因为动作已发生。
3. “weather report”是固定短语,意为“天气预报”,结合句意和首字母r,填report。
4. 记者的动作是采访经历台风的人,首字母i提示,interview的过去式interviewed符合语境,动作已完成。
5. “have trouble doing sth”是固定搭配,意为“做某事有困难”,结合句意和首字母t,填trouble。
【答案】
Ⅱ. 1. wave 2. warned 3. report
4. interviewed 5. trouble
【知识点】
名词词义辨析、动词过去式、固定搭配
【点评】
本题考查根据语境和首字母提示补全单词,侧重对词汇语境运用能力及固定搭配的考查,需结合句意与语法知识综合判断。
【难度系数】
0.7
Ⅲ. 用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. When the snowstorm started,I
was doing
(do)my homework.
2. While my mother
was preparing
(prepare)lunch,the typhoon hit our town.
3. The boy said his family
were having
(have)dinner at home when the flood came.
4. The girl's grandparents
were playing
(play)chess when she called.
5. We
were cleaning
(clean)up the neighbourhood after the storm at this time yesterday.

答案

Ⅲ. 1. was doing 2. was preparing
3. were having 4. were playing
5. were cleaning

解析

【解析】
这几道题均考查过去进行时的用法,过去进行时结构为“was/were + 现在分词”,用于表示过去某个时刻或时间段正在进行的动作,常与when/while引导的一般过去时时间状语从句连用。
1. 主语为I,be动词用was,故填was doing;
2. 主语my mother是单数第三人称,be动词用was,故填was preparing;
3. 主语his family此处表“家人”,为复数概念,be动词用were,故填were having;
4. 主语grandparents是复数,be动词用were,故填were playing;
5. 主语we是复数,be动词用were,且at this time yesterday是过去进行时的标志,故填were cleaning。
【答案】
1. was doing 2. was preparing
3. were having 4. were playing
5. were cleaning
【知识点】
过去进行时的用法
【点评】
本题重点考查过去进行时的结构及与时间状语从句的搭配运用,需注意根据主语单复数确定be动词的形式,是初中英语时态类的基础考点。
【难度系数】
0.8
Ⅳ. 语法填空。
Last weekend,a terrible typhoon hit our city.(1)
While
my children and I were reading together in the living room,a window suddenly broke. A piece of our roof(2)
nearly
(near)came off!My children started(3)
crying
(cry),and my wife was scared. We were all completely(4)
shocked
(shock). The storm took us(5)
by
surprise. When the wind became even stronger,the reporter on TV advised people to pay attention to the(6)
latest
(late)weather reports and to stay inside. We followed the(7)
advice
(advice)and waited safely. We didn't dare to go out(8)
until
the typhoon was over. After the terrible storm,we helped to clean up our neighbourhood.(9)
Although
it was a frightening experience,I learned an important lesson. We should(10)
prepare
(prepare)well for natural disasters.

答案

Ⅳ. 1. While 2. nearly 3. crying
4. shocked 5. by 6. latest
7. advice 8. until 9. Although
10. prepare

解析

【解析】
1. 第1空:根据语境,此处表示两个动作同时发生,用While引导时间状语从句,首字母大写,故填While。
2. 第2空:修饰动词短语came off,需用副词,near的副词形式是nearly,意为“几乎”,故填nearly。
3. 第3空:固定搭配start doing sth.表示“开始做某事”,故填crying。
4. 第4空:主语是We,形容人的感受用-ed形式的形容词shocked,意为“感到震惊的”,故填shocked。
5. 第5空:固定短语take sb. by surprise表示“使某人吃惊”,故填by。
6. 第6空:此处表示“最新的天气预报”,late的最高级latest符合语境,故填latest。
7. 第7空:advice是不可数名词,follow the advice表示“听从建议”,故填advice。
8. 第8空:固定搭配not...until表示“直到……才……”,符合“直到台风结束才敢出去”的语境,故填until。
9. 第9空:根据语境,前后句是让步关系,用Although引导让步状语从句,故填Although。
10. 第10空:should是情态动词,后接动词原形,故填prepare。
【答案】
1. While 2. nearly 3. crying
4. shocked 5. by 6. latest
7. advice 8. until 9. Although
10. prepare
【知识点】
时间状语从句引导词、固定短语搭配、词性转换
【点评】
本题是一篇结合台风过境语境的语法填空题,考查了从句引导词、固定搭配、词性转换等多方面语法知识,既要求学生理解语篇语境,又需灵活运用基础语法,同时渗透了防灾意识的教育。
【难度系数】
0.6