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八、新情境知识科普任务型阅读。(10分)
1. ___A healthy cow makes good milk. Farmers always check on the cows' health. If the cows have bright eyes and clean coats, and eat and drink well, they are very healthy. A cow makes up to 40 kg of milk a day. But it doesn't work all year round. It takes a 2-month "holiday" every year. "Playing music to cows" is not such a foolish thing to do. It helps them feel relaxed and make more milk. British farmers play Beethoven's Pastoral Symphony(贝多芬的《田园交响曲》)to cows. Their cows can make 3 per cent more milk.
2. ___ We cannot drink(生的)raw milk because there are bad bacteria(细菌) inside. Pasteurization(巴氏杀菌法)is here to help. Pasteurized milk can keep fresh for five to seven days in the fridge. We also use Tetra Pak cartons. This carton milk can be fresh for six months at room temperature.
3. ___ Food made from milk is popular all over the world. In Inner Mongolia(内蒙古自治区)，one of the places with the most cows in China，people eat dairy products like milk tofu，Mongolian cheese and butter every day. They always eat them in the morning with milk tea. During big festivals，they also make dairy snacks to treat guests.
(一)阅读短文，从方框中选择合适的段落小标题填在对应的横线上。(3分)
A. Safe milk, clever package B. Food from milk C. Happy work, happy life
(二)阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F)。(3分)
( )1. Healthy cows can produce up to 40 kg of milk every day, but they need a 2-month break each year.
( )2. Playing music to cows is useless because it doesn't help them produce more milk.
( )3. Pasteurized milk can stay fresh for six months at room temperature if stored(贮存) in Tetra Pak cartons.
(三)阅读短文，回答下列问题。(4分)
2. What dairy products do people have in Inner Mongolia?(从文中找出不少于4种 ______ ) 1. Can we drink raw milk? Why or why not? ___
1. ___A healthy cow makes good milk. Farmers always check on the cows' health. If the cows have bright eyes and clean coats, and eat and drink well, they are very healthy. A cow makes up to 40 kg of milk a day. But it doesn't work all year round. It takes a 2-month "holiday" every year. "Playing music to cows" is not such a foolish thing to do. It helps them feel relaxed and make more milk. British farmers play Beethoven's Pastoral Symphony(贝多芬的《田园交响曲》)to cows. Their cows can make 3 per cent more milk.
2. ___ We cannot drink(生的)raw milk because there are bad bacteria(细菌) inside. Pasteurization(巴氏杀菌法)is here to help. Pasteurized milk can keep fresh for five to seven days in the fridge. We also use Tetra Pak cartons. This carton milk can be fresh for six months at room temperature.
3. ___ Food made from milk is popular all over the world. In Inner Mongolia(内蒙古自治区)，one of the places with the most cows in China，people eat dairy products like milk tofu，Mongolian cheese and butter every day. They always eat them in the morning with milk tea. During big festivals，they also make dairy snacks to treat guests.
(一)阅读短文，从方框中选择合适的段落小标题填在对应的横线上。(3分)
A. Safe milk, clever package B. Food from milk C. Happy work, happy life
(二)阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F)。(3分)
( )1. Healthy cows can produce up to 40 kg of milk every day, but they need a 2-month break each year.
( )2. Playing music to cows is useless because it doesn't help them produce more milk.
( )3. Pasteurized milk can stay fresh for six months at room temperature if stored(贮存) in Tetra Pak cartons.
(三)阅读短文，回答下列问题。(4分)
2. What dairy products do people have in Inner Mongolia?(从文中找出不少于4种 ______ ) 1. Can we drink raw milk? Why or why not? ___
答案
(一) 1. C 2. A 3. B
(二) 1. T 2. F 3. T
(三) 1. No, we can't. Because there are bad
bacteria inside. 2. They have milk tofu,
Mongolian cheese and butter, milk tea and
dairy snacks.
(二) 1. T 2. F 3. T
(三) 1. No, we can't. Because there are bad
bacteria inside. 2. They have milk tofu,
Mongolian cheese and butter, milk tea and
dairy snacks.
解析
【分析】
本题为任务型阅读题，分为三个小题，解题思路如下：
1. 小标题匹配题：需先通读每个段落，提炼段落核心内容，再匹配对应的小标题。第一段围绕奶牛的健康状态、产奶情况以及通过放音乐让奶牛放松增产奶展开，核心是奶牛的“快乐工作与生活”；第二段聚焦生奶的安全问题、巴氏杀菌法和利乐包装对牛奶保鲜的作用，核心是“安全的牛奶与智能包装”；第三段介绍牛奶制作的各类食物，尤其是内蒙古的乳制品，核心是“牛奶制成的食物”。
2. 判断正误题：需在原文中找到每个题干对应的语句，对比内容判断对错。比如第1题对应第一段中奶牛产奶量和休息时间的描述；第2题对应给奶牛放音乐的作用；第3题对应巴氏奶和利乐包装的保鲜时长。
3. 回答问题：需定位原文相关语句，提取关键信息作答。第1题找生奶不能喝的原因；第2题提取内蒙古的乳制品种类。
【解析】
(一) 小标题匹配：
1. 第一段讲述健康奶牛的特征、产奶量，以及给奶牛播放音乐可使其放松并增加产奶量，核心是奶牛的工作与生活状态，与选项C“Happy work, happy life”匹配。
2. 第二段说明生奶因含有有害细菌不能饮用，巴氏杀菌法保障牛奶安全，利乐包装可延长牛奶常温保质期，与选项A“Safe milk, clever package”匹配。
3. 第三段介绍以牛奶为原料的食物，重点列举内蒙古的各类乳制品，与选项B“Food from milk”匹配。
(二) 判断正误：
1. 根据第一段“A cow makes up to 40 kg of milk a day. But it doesn't work all year round. It takes a 2-month "holiday" every year.”可知，健康奶牛日产奶可达40千克，且每年需要2个月的休息，题干表述正确，故填T。
2. 根据第一段""Playing music to cows" is not such a foolish thing to do. It helps them feel relaxed and make more milk."可知，给奶牛放音乐能帮助它们多产奶，并非无用，题干表述错误，故填F。
3. 根据第二段“Pasteurized milk can keep fresh for five to seven days in the fridge. We also use Tetra Pak cartons. This carton milk can be fresh for six months at room temperature.”可知，装在利乐包装中的巴氏杀菌奶在常温下可保鲜6个月，题干表述正确，故填T。
(三) 回答问题：
1. 根据第二段“We cannot drink(生的)raw milk because there are bad bacteria(细菌) inside.”可知，我们不能喝生奶，原因是生奶里有有害细菌。
2. 根据第三段“people eat dairy products like milk tofu，Mongolian cheese and butter every day. They always eat them in the morning with milk tea. During big festivals，they also make dairy snacks to treat guests.”可提取出内蒙古人们食用的乳制品有milk tofu, Mongolian cheese, butter, milk tea, dairy snacks。
【答案】
(一) 1. C 2. A 3. B
(二) 1. T 2. F 3. T
(三) 1. No, we can't. Because there are bad bacteria inside. 2. They have milk tofu, Mongolian cheese and butter, milk tea and dairy snacks.
【知识点】
任务型阅读、细节理解、信息提取
【点评】
本题围绕牛奶相关知识展开，考查学生对短文细节信息的定位与提取能力，以及对段落主旨的归纳能力。解题时需仔细通读原文，精准定位题干对应的内容，避免因粗心遗漏信息。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为任务型阅读题，分为三个小题，解题思路如下：
1. 小标题匹配题：需先通读每个段落，提炼段落核心内容，再匹配对应的小标题。第一段围绕奶牛的健康状态、产奶情况以及通过放音乐让奶牛放松增产奶展开，核心是奶牛的“快乐工作与生活”；第二段聚焦生奶的安全问题、巴氏杀菌法和利乐包装对牛奶保鲜的作用，核心是“安全的牛奶与智能包装”；第三段介绍牛奶制作的各类食物，尤其是内蒙古的乳制品，核心是“牛奶制成的食物”。
2. 判断正误题：需在原文中找到每个题干对应的语句，对比内容判断对错。比如第1题对应第一段中奶牛产奶量和休息时间的描述；第2题对应给奶牛放音乐的作用；第3题对应巴氏奶和利乐包装的保鲜时长。
3. 回答问题：需定位原文相关语句，提取关键信息作答。第1题找生奶不能喝的原因；第2题提取内蒙古的乳制品种类。
【解析】
(一) 小标题匹配：
1. 第一段讲述健康奶牛的特征、产奶量，以及给奶牛播放音乐可使其放松并增加产奶量，核心是奶牛的工作与生活状态，与选项C“Happy work, happy life”匹配。
2. 第二段说明生奶因含有有害细菌不能饮用，巴氏杀菌法保障牛奶安全，利乐包装可延长牛奶常温保质期，与选项A“Safe milk, clever package”匹配。
3. 第三段介绍以牛奶为原料的食物，重点列举内蒙古的各类乳制品，与选项B“Food from milk”匹配。
(二) 判断正误：
1. 根据第一段“A cow makes up to 40 kg of milk a day. But it doesn't work all year round. It takes a 2-month "holiday" every year.”可知，健康奶牛日产奶可达40千克，且每年需要2个月的休息，题干表述正确，故填T。
2. 根据第一段""Playing music to cows" is not such a foolish thing to do. It helps them feel relaxed and make more milk."可知，给奶牛放音乐能帮助它们多产奶，并非无用，题干表述错误，故填F。
3. 根据第二段“Pasteurized milk can keep fresh for five to seven days in the fridge. We also use Tetra Pak cartons. This carton milk can be fresh for six months at room temperature.”可知，装在利乐包装中的巴氏杀菌奶在常温下可保鲜6个月，题干表述正确，故填T。
(三) 回答问题：
1. 根据第二段“We cannot drink(生的)raw milk because there are bad bacteria(细菌) inside.”可知，我们不能喝生奶，原因是生奶里有有害细菌。
2. 根据第三段“people eat dairy products like milk tofu，Mongolian cheese and butter every day. They always eat them in the morning with milk tea. During big festivals，they also make dairy snacks to treat guests.”可提取出内蒙古人们食用的乳制品有milk tofu, Mongolian cheese, butter, milk tea, dairy snacks。
【答案】
(一) 1. C 2. A 3. B
(二) 1. T 2. F 3. T
(三) 1. No, we can't. Because there are bad bacteria inside. 2. They have milk tofu, Mongolian cheese and butter, milk tea and dairy snacks.
【知识点】
任务型阅读、细节理解、信息提取
【点评】
本题围绕牛奶相关知识展开，考查学生对短文细节信息的定位与提取能力，以及对段落主旨的归纳能力。解题时需仔细通读原文，精准定位题干对应的内容，避免因粗心遗漏信息。
【难度系数】
0.6
