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B
A wetland is an area of land that is covered by water, either salt or fresh. It is called the "kidney(肾) of the earth".
Wetlands are important in controlling carbon(碳). They can store 50 times more carbon than rainforests. Wetlands pull leaves, animal waste, and other high carbon matter down from the surface of the water.
Wetlands are one of the most important ecosystems(生态系统) on earth. They make up less than 6% of the world, but they provide home and food to about 40% of the animals and plants. About 100,000 fish depend on wetlands in their life cycle.
▲ Millions of people live close to wetlands. They use wetlands to grow crops. Wetlands are also used for fun. People fish and boat on them.
Nearly half the world's wetlands have been lost since 1900. People change the wetlands into houses and roads. They move the plants away from the wetlands. What's more, climate change has caused a rise in sea levels. As a result, many coastal wetlands become water forever.
Wetlands are the hero of the earth. They have done a lot for us. And it's time for us to save them in return.
(
A. To show wetlands are beautiful.
B. To explain wetlands' importance.
C. To tell different kinds of wetlands.
D. To share ways to protect wetlands.
(
A. Wetlands help to protect nature.
B. Wetlands are good places for visitors.
C. Wetlands are also important to people.
D. Wetlands are everywhere in the world.
(
A. The salt water in the wetlands.
B. The carbon stored in the wetlands.
C. The animals and plants in the wetlands.
D. People's activities and climate change.
(
A. Ways to save wetlands
B. Wetlands: homes to people
C. Animals and plants in wetlands
D. Wetlands: the earth's hero in danger
A wetland is an area of land that is covered by water, either salt or fresh. It is called the "kidney(肾) of the earth".
Wetlands are important in controlling carbon(碳). They can store 50 times more carbon than rainforests. Wetlands pull leaves, animal waste, and other high carbon matter down from the surface of the water.
Wetlands are one of the most important ecosystems(生态系统) on earth. They make up less than 6% of the world, but they provide home and food to about 40% of the animals and plants. About 100,000 fish depend on wetlands in their life cycle.
▲ Millions of people live close to wetlands. They use wetlands to grow crops. Wetlands are also used for fun. People fish and boat on them.
Nearly half the world's wetlands have been lost since 1900. People change the wetlands into houses and roads. They move the plants away from the wetlands. What's more, climate change has caused a rise in sea levels. As a result, many coastal wetlands become water forever.
Wetlands are the hero of the earth. They have done a lot for us. And it's time for us to save them in return.
(
B
)19. Why does the writer show the numbers about wetlands?A. To show wetlands are beautiful.
B. To explain wetlands' importance.
C. To tell different kinds of wetlands.
D. To share ways to protect wetlands.
(
C
)20. Which of the following can be put in "▲" in Paragraph 4?A. Wetlands help to protect nature.
B. Wetlands are good places for visitors.
C. Wetlands are also important to people.
D. Wetlands are everywhere in the world.
(
D
)21. According to the passage, what puts wetlands in danger?A. The salt water in the wetlands.
B. The carbon stored in the wetlands.
C. The animals and plants in the wetlands.
D. People's activities and climate change.
(
D
)22. What is the best title for the passage?A. Ways to save wetlands
B. Wetlands: homes to people
C. Animals and plants in wetlands
D. Wetlands: the earth's hero in danger
答案
19. B 20. C 21. D 22. D
解析
【分析】
1. 第19题：先定位原文中出现数字的段落，这些数字包括湿地储存碳量是雨林的50倍、仅占全球6%却为40%的动植物提供家园和食物、约10万种鱼类依赖湿地等。这些数据都是为了直观说明湿地在控碳、维持生态系统等方面的重要作用，因此作者用数字是为了解释湿地的重要性。
2. 第20题：观察第四段空格后的内容，主要讲述人类居住在湿地附近，利用湿地种植作物、进行钓鱼划船等娱乐活动，都是湿地对人类的作用。所以空格处需要一个总起句，引出湿地对人类的重要性，对应选项C。
3. 第21题：定位到原文第五段，该段提到自1900年以来近一半湿地消失的原因：人类将湿地改造成房屋和道路、移走湿地植物，还有气候变化导致海平面上升。这些原因可归纳为人类活动和气候变化，对应选项D。
4. 第22题：梳理全文内容，前半部分介绍湿地的重要性（被称为“地球之肾”“地球英雄”），后半部分讲述湿地正面临消失的危险。选项D既涵盖了湿地的重要地位，又点出其面临的危机，最能概括全文；其他选项仅涉及文章部分内容，不够全面。
【解析】
19. 原文中多处用数字体现湿地的价值，如储碳能力远超雨林、为大量动植物提供生存环境等，这些数据都是为了论证湿地的重要性，故选B。
20. 第四段主要阐述人类对湿地的利用，包括种植作物、休闲娱乐等，说明湿地对人类的重要意义，因此空格处应填入总起句“Wetlands are also important to people.”，故选C。
21. 根据第五段内容，湿地减少的原因包括人类改造湿地为建筑用地、移除湿地植物，以及气候变化导致海平面上升，即人类活动和气候变化共同威胁湿地，故选D。
22. 全文先介绍湿地的重要生态价值，再说明湿地正遭受破坏的现状，选项D“Wetlands: the earth's hero in danger”完整概括了这两方面核心内容，是最佳标题；A仅涉及拯救方法（非重点），B、C仅涵盖局部内容，均不合适，故选D。
【答案】
19. B 20. C 21. D 22. D
【知识点】
说明文阅读理解、细节推理、主旨归纳
【点评】
本文围绕湿地展开，介绍了湿地的生态价值、对人类的作用以及当前面临的危机。题目考查了细节理解、段落主旨归纳和全文主旨概括，需要学生准确定位原文信息，梳理段落逻辑和全文结构，理解说明文的说明意图。
【难度系数】
0.6
1. 第19题：先定位原文中出现数字的段落，这些数字包括湿地储存碳量是雨林的50倍、仅占全球6%却为40%的动植物提供家园和食物、约10万种鱼类依赖湿地等。这些数据都是为了直观说明湿地在控碳、维持生态系统等方面的重要作用，因此作者用数字是为了解释湿地的重要性。
2. 第20题：观察第四段空格后的内容，主要讲述人类居住在湿地附近，利用湿地种植作物、进行钓鱼划船等娱乐活动，都是湿地对人类的作用。所以空格处需要一个总起句，引出湿地对人类的重要性，对应选项C。
3. 第21题：定位到原文第五段，该段提到自1900年以来近一半湿地消失的原因：人类将湿地改造成房屋和道路、移走湿地植物，还有气候变化导致海平面上升。这些原因可归纳为人类活动和气候变化，对应选项D。
4. 第22题：梳理全文内容，前半部分介绍湿地的重要性（被称为“地球之肾”“地球英雄”），后半部分讲述湿地正面临消失的危险。选项D既涵盖了湿地的重要地位，又点出其面临的危机，最能概括全文；其他选项仅涉及文章部分内容，不够全面。
【解析】
19. 原文中多处用数字体现湿地的价值，如储碳能力远超雨林、为大量动植物提供生存环境等，这些数据都是为了论证湿地的重要性，故选B。
20. 第四段主要阐述人类对湿地的利用，包括种植作物、休闲娱乐等，说明湿地对人类的重要意义，因此空格处应填入总起句“Wetlands are also important to people.”，故选C。
21. 根据第五段内容，湿地减少的原因包括人类改造湿地为建筑用地、移除湿地植物，以及气候变化导致海平面上升，即人类活动和气候变化共同威胁湿地，故选D。
22. 全文先介绍湿地的重要生态价值，再说明湿地正遭受破坏的现状，选项D“Wetlands: the earth's hero in danger”完整概括了这两方面核心内容，是最佳标题；A仅涉及拯救方法（非重点），B、C仅涵盖局部内容，均不合适，故选D。
【答案】
19. B 20. C 21. D 22. D
【知识点】
说明文阅读理解、细节推理、主旨归纳
【点评】
本文围绕湿地展开，介绍了湿地的生态价值、对人类的作用以及当前面临的危机。题目考查了细节理解、段落主旨归纳和全文主旨概括，需要学生准确定位原文信息，梳理段落逻辑和全文结构，理解说明文的说明意图。
【难度系数】
0.6
