()3. my brother I are space lovers.

A.Both; and
B.Neither; nor
C.Not only; but also

3. A

【分析】首先观察句子谓语动词为are，说明主语需为复数概念。接下来分析各选项的主谓一致规则：A选项Both...and连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；B选项Neither...nor和C选项Not only...but also遵循就近一致原则，谓语动词由离它最近的主语决定，本句中离谓语近的主语是I，应用am，与句中are不符，因此排除B、C，选择A。
【解析】根据主谓一致规则：①Both...and连接两个主语时，谓语动词用复数；②Neither...nor、Not only...but also连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。本句谓语是are（复数），需用连接两个主语且谓语为复数的结构，只有A选项符合要求，故答案为A。
【答案】A
【知识点】主谓一致；并列连词辨析
【点评】本题考查英语中并列连词的主谓一致用法，是初中英语的基础考点，只要掌握不同连词对应的主谓一致规则即可轻松解答，属于易错题但难度不大。
【难度系数】0.6

()4. taikonauts, they must spend much time training to fit the space exploration.

A.As
B.With
C.From

4. A

【分析】首先理解句子含义：“______航天员，他们必须花费大量时间训练以适应太空探索”。接着分析各选项介词的含义：A选项As表示“作为”，代入后符合“作为航天员”的语境；B选项With意为“和……一起；带有”，C选项From意为“从……”，均不符合句子逻辑，因此需选择As。
【解析】先翻译句子：“作为航天员，他们必须花费大量时间训练来适应太空探索”。逐一分析选项：A项as在此处为介词，意为“作为”，契合句子语境；B项with表伴随或附属关系，C项from表来源，均不符合句意，故正确答案为A。
【答案】A
【知识点】介词辨析；as的用法
【点评】本题考查基础介词的词义辨析，属于英语基础知识点的常规考题，需准确掌握常见介词的含义及用法。
【难度系数】0.8

()5. The average in my hometown is about 5 cm. So it is very dry.

A.fall
B.rain
C.rainfall

5. C

【分析】首先理解句子语境：“我家乡的平均______大约5厘米，所以非常干燥”，需要填入表示“降雨量”的名词。接着分析三个选项的含义，结合语境判断正确选项。
【解析】先翻译句子：我家乡的平均降雨量大约是5厘米，所以非常干燥。逐一分析选项：A选项fall作名词时意为“秋天、瀑布”，无法与“5厘米”的计量语境搭配；B选项rain作名词指“雨、雨水”，侧重具体的雨，不能表示“降雨量”这一计量概念；C选项rainfall是名词，意为“降雨量”，可与“5厘米”搭配，符合语境，故选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】名词词义辨析
【点评】本题考查名词词义辨析，需掌握rainfall等相关词汇的含义，结合语境选择合适的名词。
【难度系数】0.6

二、根据中文意思完成句子
1. 南京和西安有共同之处——拥有悠久的历史。
Nanjing and Xi'an — a long history.
2. 我们能看到星星是因为它们的亮度。
We can see the stars .
3. 宇宙正等待着我们去探索。
The universe is us to explore.
4. 地球比火星离太阳近。
Earth is the Sun Mars.
5. 在冬天，太阳离我们比较远。那就是冬天比较冷的原因。
In winter, the sun is farther from us. it is
colder in winter.

1. have something in common
2. because of their brightness
3. waiting for
4. closer to; than
5. That is why

【分析】
本题为根据中文意思补全英语句子的题型，需结合英语固定搭配、常用短语、句式结构匹配中文含义，同时注意时态、词性等细节。每道题先明确中文核心表达，再回忆对应的英语正确形式：1题对应“有共同之处”的固定短语；2题“因为”后接名词短语用介词短语；3题需用现在进行时的动词形式；4题涉及比较级的用法；5题对应固定句式。
【解析】
1. “有共同之处”的固定英语表达为have something in common，主语Nanjing and Xi'an是复数，谓语用原形，故填have something in common；
2. “因为”后接名词短语时需用介词短语because of，“它们的亮度”译为their brightness，故填because of their brightness；
3. 句子为现在进行时，结构为be + 动词现在分词，“等待”对应wait for，故填waiting for；
4. “离……近”的比较级为closer to，比较级需用than连接比较对象，故填closer to; than；
5. “那就是……的原因”的固定英语句式为That is why，故填That is why。
【答案】
1. have something in common
2. because of their brightness
3. waiting for
4. closer to; than
5. That is why
【知识点】
固定搭配、介词短语、比较级
【点评】
本题考查英语基础的固定短语、介词短语、比较级及固定句式的应用，属于汉译英的基础题型，只要掌握常用表达即可正确作答，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6

三、阅读理解
The word “day” has two meanings. When we say “There are seven days in a week”, we use “day” to mean 24 hours. But when we say “He works day and night”, we are using “day” to mean the daytime, the time between sunrise and sunset.
As the earth rotates (自转), the sun seems to move across the sky. In the morning, it slowly rises in the east, bringing the day. In the afternoon, it begins to set in the west, bringing the night. And when we sleep, the earth keeps rotating, getting ready (准备好) for a new day. ▲
The earth is always rotating. One full rotation of the earth takes about 24 hours. When the side of the Earth where we live faces the Sun, it is day. However, when our side turns away from the Sun, it becomes night.
Are day and night each 12 hours long? For six months the North Pole (北极) leans to the Sun. The Northern Hemisphere gets more hours of sunlight than the Southern Hemisphere. Then, days are longer than nights in the Northern Hemisphere, while in the Southern Hemisphere, nights are longer than days.
()1. What does “day” mean when we talk about the number of days in a year?
A. Sunrise. B. Sunset.
C. Daytime. D. 24 hours.
()2. Which one can be put in the ▲?
A. Then we get up.
B. The sun will set again.
C. It is like a never-ending cycle.
D. It is like we are having the same day.
()3. What does the writer mainly talk about in Paragraph 3?
A. When it becomes day.
B. How the Earth rotates.
C. When it becomes night.
D. How day and night change.
()4. Why do we have day and night on the earth?
A. Because the earth moves around the Sun.
B. Because the earth is always rotating.
C. Because the moon moves around the earth.
D. Because the Sun moves across the sky.
()5. In which part of a newspaper can we read the text?
A. Literature and Art.
B. Sports and Health.
C. Science and Technology (技术).
D. Animals and Plants.

1. D
2. C
3. D
4. B
5. C

【分析】
本题为科普类英语阅读理解，需结合原文细节、逻辑关系及主旨来解题：
1. 第1题是细节理解题，定位原文关于“day”两种含义的表述，找到对应“一年天数”的含义即可；
2. 第2题是推理判断题，需结合前文地球自转带来昼夜交替的逻辑，选择符合循环规律的句子；
3. 第3题是主旨大意题，梳理第三段内容，明确其核心是昼夜变化的原因；
4. 第4题是细节理解题，定位原文关于昼夜形成原因的表述，匹配选项；
5. 第5题是推理判断题，根据文章科普属性判断所属报纸板块。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据第一段“When we say ‘There are seven days in a week’, we use ‘day’ to mean 24 hours”，一年中的天数里“day”指24小时，故选D。
2. 推理判断题：前文围绕地球自转带来昼夜交替展开，最后一句需总结这种循环规律，C选项“it is like a never-ending cycle”符合逻辑，故选C。
3. 主旨大意题：第三段讲述地球自转时，朝向太阳为白天、背对太阳为黑夜，核心是昼夜的变化，故选D。
4. 细节理解题：根据第三段“The earth is always rotating... When the side... faces the Sun, it is day. ... turns away... becomes night”，可知昼夜由地球自转导致，故选B。
5. 推理判断题：文章讲解地球自转与昼夜变化的科学知识，属于科技类内容，应在Science and Technology板块，故选C。
【答案】
1.D 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解，细节理解题，推理判断题，主旨大意题
【点评】
本文是科普类阅读理解，考查学生对细节信息的定位、逻辑推理及主旨归纳能力，题型基础，贴近原文内容，适合中等水平学生作答。
【难度系数】
0.6